光学氧传感器氧敏感膜的光降解

简要介绍基于荧光猝灭原理的光学氧传感器研制开发中的关键问题 ,氧敏感膜光降解的概念及其研究状况     

氯化铁卟啉和氯化四苯基铁卟啉的密度泛函量子化学计算研究

用密度泛函B3LYP／STO-3G^＊和B3LYP／6-311＋（2d,2p）量子化学计算方法对两个铁卟啉分子FePCl和Fe（TPP）Cl进行了几何结构优化和单点计算研究,根据计算结果对这两个铁卟啉分子的结构、电荷密度和自旋密度分布做了详细分析,数据表明有部分自旋密度由Fe原子向卟啉环转移,同时有部分电子由卟啉环向Fe原子迁移。对它们的分子轨道结构也做了详细的讨论,根据计算的相关数据和分子轨道特征分析了铁卟啉活性中心的性质并讨论了其催化活化分子O2的机理,为氯化铁卟啉活化氧催化相关有机分子氧化反应机理研究提供了理论基础。     

对氨基苯基钴卟啉修饰电极的研制及其在抗坏血酸分析中的应用

本文以电化学方法研制了了５,１０,１５,２０－四钴卟啉修饰电极。在碱性溶液中,电极对抗坏血酸的氧化有催化作用,电极用于药品中抗坏血酸的测定,结果与药典法相吻合。     

卟啉和金属卟啉配合物的合成及其在传感器中的应用

气敏材料是气体（化学）传感器的核心部位,直接影响传感器的稳定性、选择性、灵敏度和响应时间等各种性能。卟啉与金属卟啉配合物具有优良的气敏性能,目前国内外卟啉与金属卟啉传感器已应用于VOCs的检测。该文介绍了卟啉及其结构、合成方法、卟啉和金属卟啉配合物的合成及影响因素;卟啉和金属卟啉在传感器中的应用和对挥发性有机气体的检测原理。     

卟啉传感器检测挥发性有机化合物的研究进展

卟啉与金属卟啉具有优良的气敏性能,是检测挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的理想敏感材料。卟啉与金属卟啉传感器已成功地应用于VOCs的检测。基于不同类型传感器的传感原理,对目前国内外用于VOCs检测的几类卟啉传感器的研究进展进行了分类介绍,并对卟啉传感器在VOCs检测领域的研究方向和发展前景做了展望。     

浅谈汽车四线片式氧传感器

随着汽车工业的迅速发展,出于环保考虑,传统的化油器式汽车逐渐被电控喷油车辆所代替。而氧传感器是电控喷油车辆电子控制系统的重要器件,让发动机得到最佳浓度的混合气,实现降低有害气体的排放和节油的目的。本文介绍了一种用于电控喷油车辆电子控制系统的氧传感器——汽车四线片式氧传感器,主要从制作流程、工作原理、测试方法三个方面来展开叙述,为诊断和应用此传感器提供了依据。     

MEMS结构氧传感器的研究

采用微加工技术研制了一种以硅为基底材料,具有MEMS结构的氧传感器.阐述了该传感器的工作原理、结构设计、工艺流程以及特性分析.给出了溅射制备TiO2薄膜的方法及锐钛矿型晶体结构能谱,讨论了二氧化钛的氧敏机理.研究表明与传统的气体传感器相比,此种传感器具有体积小、低功耗、可集成的特点.     

氧传感器的研究与应用

氧传感器具有低成本、结构简单、高灵敏度等优点,在工业、农业、医学和环境等领域具有广泛的应用.用于测量气体中氧分压和水中溶解氧浓度的氧传感器的基本原理相同,只是结构和所用材料有所区别.电化学氧传感器在其实际应用中存在着气候影响、残余电流以及寿命与可靠性等问题,针对这些具体问题,人们也在实际运用中采取了不同的方法加以解决.     

Development of a mercury optical sensor based on immobilization of 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol on a triacetylcellulose membrane

A new optical sensor for mercury(II) ions is developed based on immobilization of 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) on a triacetylcellulose membrane. Chemical binding of Hg²⁺ ions in solution with a PAR immobilized on the triacetylcellulose surface could be monitored spectrophotometrically at 525 nm. The optode shows excellent response over a wide concentration range of 5–3360 μM Hg(II) with a limit of detection of 1.5 μM Hg(II). The influence of factors responsible for the improved sensitivity of the sensor were studied and identified. The response time of the optode was 20 min for a stable solution, and was 15 min for a stirrer solution. The influence of potential interfering ions on the determination of 5 × 10⁻⁵ M Hg(II) was studied. The sensor was applied for determination of Hg(II) in water samples.     

基于四(对-氨基苯基)卟啉的宽酸度响应范围的pH荧光化学传感器的研究

论文合成了几种卟啉化合物并考察了以它们作为荧光载体的光化学传感器对pH的响应性能.该传感器的响应是基于卟啉化合物在酸性条件下可以发生多步质子化过程而产生的荧光淬灭现象.由于具有多个质子敏感中心,以5,10,15,20-四(对一氨基苯基)卟啉[T(P-NH2)TPPH2]为载体的荧光化学传感器对pH的响应范围比5,10,15,20一四苯基卟啉的要宽得多.论文考察了膜组成对传感器响应性能的影响,并对实验条件进行了优化.经优化膜组成后的T(P-NH2)TPPH2传感器对pH的响应范围为0.50-6.30,响应时间为3min,该传感器表现出良好的可逆性和重现性,常见的阳离子对其检测pH无明显的干扰.     

Chromium(III)-selective sensor based on tri-o-thymotide in PVC matrix

Tri-o-thymotide (I) has been used as an electroactive material in PVC (poly(vinyl chloride)) matrix for fabrication of chromium(III)-selective sensor. The membrane containing tri-o-thymotide, sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and PVC in the optimum ratio 5:1:75:100 (w/w) exhibits a working concentration range of 4.0 × 10⁻⁶ to 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M with a Nernstian slope of 20.0 ± 0.1 mV/decade of activity in the pH range of 2.8–5.1. The detection limit of this sensor is 2.0 × 10⁻⁷ M. The electrode exhibits a fast response time of 15 s, shows good selectivity towards Cr³⁺ over a number of mono-, bi- and trivalent cations and can also be used in partially non-aqueous medium (up to 15%, v/v) also. The assembly has been successfully used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of chromium(III) against EDTA and also to determine Cr(III) quantitatively in electroplating industry waste samples.     

基于氧传感膜荧光特性的溶解氧传感器研制

基于氧传感膜荧光特性研制了一种低成本、小型化的溶解氧传感器.对传统氧传感膜的制备方案进行了优化,结合其透光特性对所制备的传感膜优劣进行甄别和选优.在此基础上,重点研究了水温、浸泡时间等因素对传感膜荧光发射强度的影响.为提高溶解氧的测量精度,设计了一种45°角斜面传感器探头结构,有效降低了水中气泡对溶解氧的测量干扰.实验结果表明:该溶解氧传感器能够准确测量0 ～20 mg/L范围内的待测液体的含氧量,检测误差为±2％,检测精度达±0.1 mg/L,在工农业生产、水质监测及水产养殖等方面具有较好的应用前景.     

Rationalization of the behaviour of a bi-label oxygen optical sensor

An oxygen optical sensor with two luminophores embedded in a polymeric matrix was prepared. The aim was to improve oxygen quantification by optimizing precision in the whole concentration range. The two luminophores behaved as if they were independent giving to the sensing layer enlarged working range with respect to the most sensitive membrane and improved precision with respect to the less sensitive membrane. Platinum(II) 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrin, palladium(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrin, ruthenium(II) (4,7-diphenyl-1,10- phenanthroline)₃(octylsulfate)₂ were used as luminophores and they were embedded either in polyvinylchloride or in polysulfone matrices. Their different life-times allowed preparing sensing membranes having optimized precision in the required concentration interval by proportioning luminophores amounts. A working curve indicated the most suitable membrane composition.     

Highly sensitive and linear calibration optical fiber oxygen sensor based on Pt(II) complex embedded in sol-gel matrix

A simple, low-cost technique for fabrication of high performance optical fiber oxygen sensor is described. An organically modified silicate (ORMOSIL) as a matrix for the fabrication of oxygen sensing film was produced. The technique is based on coating the end of an optical fiber with ORMOSIL composite xerogel films film sequestered with luminophore platinum (II) meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (PtTFPP) prepared by a sol-gel process. The composite xerogels studied are 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysliane (TFP-TriMOS) or n-propyltrimethoxysilane (n-propyl-TriMOS)/tetraethylorthosilane (TEOS)/n-octyltriethoxysilane (Octyl-triEOS). Results show that, expect for PtTFPP-doped TFP-TriMOS or n-propyl-TriMOS/TEOS/Octyl-triEOS composite xerogels show the high sensitivity and linear Stern-Volmer relationship which indicate the homogenous environment of the luminophore. The sensitivities of the two oxygen sensors are quantified in terms of the ratio I_N2/I_O2, where I_N2 and I_O2 represent the detected fluorescence intensities in pure nitrogen and pure oxygen environments, respectively. The experimental results reveal that the PtTFPP-doped TFP-TriMOS/TEOS/Octyl-triEOS and n-propyl-TriMOS/TEOS/Octyl-triEOS oxygen sensors have sensitivities of 101 and 155, respectively. The experimental results confirm that the current oxygen sensors exhibit the linear Stern-Volmer plots and high-sensitive based on the oxygen indicator embedded in TFP-TriMOS or n-propyl-TriMOS/TEOS/Octyl-triEOS composite xerogels.     

漆酶固定化及其在光纤氧传感器中的应用

以戊二醛作为交联剂,成功地将漆酶固定在四氨基酞菁铜(CuTAPc)-Fe3O4纳米复合粒子上.探讨了固定条件对固定化漆酶活力的影响,结果表明:当以10%的戊二醛与纳米载体交联8 h后,再以2g/L的漆酶溶液(pH=7)于4℃下固定所得固定化漆酶活力最高.固定化漆酶组装在光纤传感器上制备成性能良好的氧传感器.此传感器检测下限为0.45mg/L,精度为0.01 mg/L,响应时间小于30s.     

Optimisation of a polymer membrane used in optical oxygen sensing

A method for detection of viable cells utilises a sensor based on the optical measurement of oxygen consuming by cells. Changes in the oxygen level were measured via quenching of the fluorescence of an oxygen-sensitive fluorophor (Ru(dpp)₃Cl₂). The fluorescence lifetime changing was measured in accord with Stern–Volmer equation, using a phase-shift method. The fluorophor was embedded into a polysulfone membrane that is in contact with the cell medium. The sensitivity of oxygen sensor depends on behaviour of polysulfone membrane. Manufacturing method, type of polysulfone and concentration of fluorophor can also change this behaviour. These parameters were explored to obtain the optimum analytical performance, and the optimum sensitive membrane was chosen for 3 mmol/l concentration of fluorophor, when a linear plot was obtained with R=0.99987 for a sensitivity of 12.11±0.11 mV/% O₂ (n=5).     

Fabrication of a highly selective and sensitive Gd(III)-PVC membrane sensor based on N-(2-pyridyl)-N′-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea

In this work we report the development of a highly selective and sensitive Gd(III) membrane based on N-(2-pyridyl)-N′-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea (PyTu4NO₂) as an excellent neutral ion carrier. The Gd(III) sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope of 19.95 ± 0.3 mV per decade over the concentration range of 3.0 × 10⁻⁷ to 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M, and a detection limit of 3.0 × 10⁻⁷ M of Gd(III) ions. The potentiometric response of the sensor is independent of the solution pH in the range of 4.0–9.0. It manifests advantages of low detection limit, fast response time (10 s), and most significantly, very good selectivity with respect to a number of lanthanide ions (La, Ce, Sm, and Eu ions). It can be used at least for a period of 8 weeks without any significant divergences in its potential response. To assess its analytical applicability the proposed Gd(III) sensor was successfully applied as an indicator electrode in the titration of Gd(III) ion solutions with EDTA and for the determination of the fluoride ion in two mouth wash preparations. It was also used for the direct monitoring of Gd(III) ions in binary mixtures.