制备工艺对Ni系液相醛加氢催化剂活性的影响

分别采用浸渍、沉积、水热浸渍和水热沉积四种方法制备了Ni系液相醛加氢催化剂,并通过XRD、XPS和UV-VIS DRS对催化剂进行表征,考察制备工艺对Ni系液相醛加氢催化剂活性的影响.结果表明,水热沉积法制备的催化剂Ni物种有较高的分散度,具有良好的加氢活性,辛烯醛转化率高达99.5％.     

NDH6型铜硅系环己醇脱氢制环己酮催化剂的研究

开发了一种新型铜硅系环己醇脱氢制环己酮的催化剂,考察了催化剂配方、原料、制备工艺条件对催化剂性能的影响,优化了催化剂配方和制备工艺条件.在保证环己醇转化率较高的前提下,提高了环己酮选择性,进一步降低了原料消耗及能耗,改善了操作条件,并进行了新型铜硅系脱氢催化剂的工业应用,结果表明:NDH6型新型铜硅系环己醇脱氢制环己酮...     

3,3-二甲基-2-丁酮的合成研究

以特戊酸和乙酸为原料脱羧合成频那酮.制备了选择性和收率较高的催化剂,确定了反应工艺条件,并对催化剂寿命以及再生进行了初步探讨.     

硝基苯液相催化加氢制苯胺催化剂研究进展

介绍了苯胺生产中硝基苯液相催化加氢制苯胺工艺,着重介绍了液相加氢催化剂体系中的镍系催化剂和贵金属催化剂的研究进展。液相催化加氢多采用贵金属催化剂和高活性、制备工艺复杂的催化剂,生产成本较高,开发价廉、高效并能满足绿色化工要求的新型催化剂是今后工作的重点。     

二代合成氨钌基催化剂降耗节能

厦门大学化学化工学院2009年9月中旬宣布，研制出第二代合成氨钌基催化剂，该催化剂具有反应条件温和、能耗低、寿命长和活性高的特点，制备工艺简单，性价比高。由于这种催化剂含有新型促进剂和纳米材料的特点，同时在制备工艺上保证了催化剂具有较强的耐压耐磨性和较高的有效活性表面积，因而提高了催化剂的活性和使用性能。     

天然气汽车三效催化器流场均匀性数值模拟及催化剂优化

设计了一种组合式导流装置,并数值模拟了其对三效催化器内流场均匀性的影响.优化设计了一种适合天然气汽车尾气净化的催化剂,提出了催化剂的制备、配方及加工工艺.研究表明,加装导流装置能有效改善三效催化器内流场的均匀性.在设计的均流装置、催化剂配比及催化剂加工工艺下,催化器内流场均匀性提高了5%以上,使用寿命也较大提高.天然气汽车三效催化器中贵金属用量大大降低,保持了较高的废气净化效率.     

一种新型环己烯合成环氧环己烷催化剂的制备及表征

针对现有固载型相转移催化剂制备过程中存在的问题,对环己烯合成环氧环己烷工艺进行了改进。在固载型过氧化磷钨杂多酸季铵盐PSC的制备中,对质子酸N的选用和磷酸的加入方式以及原料配比等问题进行了重新优化,并对优化工艺后制备的催化剂结构进行表征和性能实验。结果表明,改进后的催化剂制备工艺,不仅提高了原料钨酸的利用率,简化了操作,降低了成本,而且所制备的催化剂使用多次后仍能保持较高的催化活性及稳定性。     

丙烯氧化制丙烯酸催化剂研究进展

介绍丙烯氧化制丙烯酸催化剂,综述丙烯一步氧化法和两步氧化法制丙烯酸催化剂的研究进展。丙烯两步氧化法通过Mo-Bi系丙烯醛催化剂和Mo-V系丙烯酸催化剂完成丙烯酸生产,目前通过催化剂制备工艺的研究,催化剂达到了较高性能水平。今后还应对添加各种助剂、制备工艺优化和改变催化剂成型方式等进行研究,进一步提高丙烯酸收率与稳定性。提出开发高丙烯空速催化剂,提高装置负荷是下一步的研究重点。     

松香歧化非贵金属催化剂的研究

本文采用先进的纳米技术制备催化剂,开发出了用于松香歧化反应的非贵金属纳米催化剂。对歧化松香的制备工艺进行了考察,实验表明溶胶-凝胶-沉淀法制备的mN／IL-Ti催化剂,在500℃焙烧2．5h,经预处理（用氢气在300℃还原3h）,具有较高的催化活性。并得出歧化松香的最佳制备工艺为：反应温度270℃,反应时间3h,催化剂用量为2．5％。     

复合固体超强酸S2O2-8/Fe2O3/ZnO/ZrO2催化合成环己烯

采用沉淀、老化、浸渍、干燥、焙烧制备了复合固体超强酸催化剂S2O2-8/Fe2O3/ZnO/ZrO2,以环己醇脱水制备环己烯作探针反应,考察了反应时间、反应温度以及催化剂用量等对脱水反应的影响.结果表明,S2O2-8/Fe2O3/ZnO/ZrO2是环己醇脱水制备环己烯的良好催化剂,反应时间短,后处理容易,催化剂用量少,可重复利用,收率较高.其最佳工艺条件为:催化剂用量为环己醇质量的6.7%,反应时间为0.9 h,反应温度为150 ℃.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。