一种新型橡胶填料—改性膨润土

介绍了改性膨润土在基础胶天然橡胶 (NR)和丁苯橡胶 (SBR)及橡胶制品轮胎当中的应用 ,结果表明 :(1)在NR和SBR中加入 10份改性膨润土不影响硫化胶的力学性能 ;(2 )在轮胎中加入 5～10份改性膨润土不但不影响轮胎半成品的力学性能 ,而且提高了橡胶与帘线的粘接强度 ;(3)改性膨润土易与SBR相混合。     

NBR/有机改性膨润土复合材料的结构和性能及其对PVC的增韧作用

研究NBR／有机改性膨润土复合材料的结构、性能及其对PVC的增韧作用。采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料的微观结构发现，NBR大分子可插层进入有机改性膨润土层间。有机改性膨润土填充NBR硫化胶的物理性能优于未改性膨润土填充胶，10份有机改性膨润土的补强效果可达到30份炭黑N330的水平。NBR／有机改性膨润土复合材料对PVC的增韧效果优于NBR，且能保持较高的拉伸强度和弯曲强度。     

硅灰石表面改性及其在丁苯橡胶中的应用

以硅灰石为原料，用干法改性优化出改性剂的种类，再用该改性剂，利用ZM振动磨探讨了硅灰石表面改性的工艺条件：当硬脂酸质量分数为2％、改性时间为9min、处理量占ZM振动磨容量的10％时，经沉降体积法、表面接触角法、红外光谱等方法及填充丁苯橡胶试验证实，硅灰石改性效果最佳；且填充丁苯橡胶物理机械性能有明显提高，试样拉伸强度增加，永久变形，邵尔A型硬度增大。     

柱撑膨润土对化工废水的处理研究

对膨润土进行无机柱撑、有机柱撑改性，改性膨润土应用于化工废水处理，探讨了絮凝剂用量、pH值等最佳使用条件。结果表明改性膨润土应用于化工废水处理，无机改性膨润土COD去除率最高为55．4％。单纯使用有机柱撑膨润土处理LG废水，效果不好，COD去除率最高仅为38．5％。AlCl3和Al2(SO4)3与有机柱撑膨润土联用，能明显提高废水COD的去除率，而且Al2(SO4)3的效果好于AlCl3的效果，COD的去除率达到75．6％，令人满意。     

热改性膨润土对氨氮废水的处理

该实验在静态条件下，研究了热改性膨润土对氨氮废水的处理。研究了热改性膨润土的种类、搅拌时间、膨润土用量、废水DH值、废水温度、废水中氨氮浓度对处理结果的影响，并且将膨润土处理氨氮废水的最佳效果与粉煤灰处理效果进行了比较。实验结果表明，经300℃热改性的膨润土5g在搅拌时间为40min时，对100mL浓度为160mg／L的氨氮废水的吸附效果很好，且达到了国家一级排放标准（15mg／L）。废水pH值越高对处理效果越好，废水中氨氮浓度越高处理效果越差。在同等操作条件下，热改性膨润土的吸附效果远优于粉煤灰。     

研磨改性废轮胎热解炭黑及其应用研究

本文主要研究采用研磨的方法改性CBp,并将其应用到丁苯橡胶中,对比考察了不同研磨时间的CBp、未改性CBp、N774的粒径分布差异及在丁苯橡胶中的性能差异。研究结果表明：研磨的方法可有效减小CBp的粒径,有助于其在橡胶中更好的分散,且研磨时间越长,炭黑粒子粒径越小,门尼粘度越大,扭矩差越大。研磨后的CBp补强的丁苯橡胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、300%定伸强度、硬度得到有效提高,综合改性效果良好。     

改性膨润土在废水处理中的应用

膨润土是一种由蒙脱石构成的粘土矿物，广泛地应用于工业、农业和其他领域。目前膨润土已开始应用于废水处理中，但是未经改性的膨润土对去除废水中有机物和脱色效果较差，故一般用于废水处理的膨润土都要经过改性，增大其比表面积，提高吸附能力。对国内外膨润土在废水处理领域的应用及研究现状、改性方法、活化方法等做了概述，并展望了其应用前景。     

聚丙烯/改性膨润土纳米复合材料研究

将十六烷基三甲基溴化胺与层状膨润土层间离子交换得到改性膨润土,再将改性膨润土与聚丙烯熔融共混得到聚丙烯／改性膨润土纳米复合材料。添加改性膨润土的质量分数为0．25％时,体系的缺口冲击强度提高178％。     

改性膨润土对废水中染料的吸附

简述了膨润土的基本结构,概括了膨润土的主要改性方法,即活化改性法和添加改性剂改性法;分析了改性方法的主要优点,总结了改性膨润土对废水中染料的吸附效果.结果表明,改性膨润土对染料的吸附效果较好,染料去除率最大可达99.7％.另外,探讨了改性膨润土的吸附机理、影响因素和吸附等温式,并展望了改性膨润土的应用前景.     

新型吸附剂在染料废水处理中的应用

以聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（PDMDAAC）和钠基膨润土为原料，制备了PDMDAAC-膨润土，并与膨润土的其他改性方法进行比较，通过不同改性膨润土对活性翠蓝KN-G和活性嫩黄K-4G染料废水进行吸附，发现PD—MDAAC-膨润土的吸附效果要优于其他改性方法。对实际染料废水处理的研究表明，在相同条件下，PDMDAAC-膨润土的吸附性能要略优于活性炭，     

改性膨润土在橡胶中应用

讨论了改性膨润土对丁苯胶和天然胶硫化胶的力学性能影响，并同活性碳酸钙和活性陶土进行了比较，还用哈克流交仪研究了改性膨润土同丁苯胶的混合性能及改性膨润土对丁苯胶和天然胶硫化的焦烧时间的影响。     

纳米有机膨润土/丁苯橡胶复合改性沥青的制备及性能

以纳米有机膨润土和丁苯橡胶(SBR)制备复合改性沥青,并考察了复合改性沥青的针入度、软化点、延度、储存稳定性及流变性能,同时对比了液体SBR和粉末SBR对复合改性沥青性能的影响.结果表明,复合改性沥青中,纳米有机膨润土的最佳质量分数为4％.随着SBR用量的增加,沥青的针入度降低,软化点升高,延度先增大后减小.粉末SBR...     

Synthesis and characterization of styrene butadiene rubber—Bentonite clay nanocomposites

In the present study, naturally occurring unfractionated bentonite clay was used to prepare styrene butadiene rubber/bentonite clay nanocomposite by latex stage blending. The bentonite clay was organo‐modified by in situ resol formation by the reaction of resorcinol and formaldehyde. The latex clay mixture was co‐coagulated with acid. The resulting clay masterbatch was compounded and evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. XRD showed that the interplanar distance of the in situ resol‐modified bentonite clay increased from 1.23 to 1.41 nm for the unmodified bentonite. TEM analysis indicated partial exfoliation and/or intercalation. EDS (Si and Al mapping) of the clay revealed the nature of the dispersion in the nanocomposites vis‐à‐vis the conventional styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR)/bentonite clay composite. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to compare the decomposition trends of the SBR/clay nanocomposites with the SBR/clay composite. The glass transition temperature of SBR/clay nanocomposites increased as compared with that of neat SBR. Substantial improvement in most of the other mechanical properties was also observed in case of the nanocomposites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

膨润土对SBR无促进剂硫磺硫化的影响

在无促进剂的ＳＢＲ／硫磺（１００／６,质量比）胶料中加入小于或等于２０份的膨润土,可降低焦烧,用量超过２０份则对焦烧无影响;加入润土对硫化速度的影响不大。经红外光谱表征,膨润土既有促进橡胶离子生成的作用,又有吸附橡胶离子的作用,这两种作用能相互抵消。     

LDPE/SBR复合改性沥青的贮存稳定性

比较了直接添加LDPE、SBR改性沥青与LDPE／SBR熔融共混物改性沥青的高温贮存稳定性，并利用光学显微镜观察了各种改性沥青在高温下随时间的变化。结果表明：直接添加LDPE、SBR所得到的改性沥青，其高温贮存稳定性很差。而采用预先制备含有部分共聚物的LDPE／SBR共混物所得到的改性沥青能够在高温下稳定贮存。同时，相形态观察也表明，这种共混物改性沥青的高温相形态也不随时间变化，这一点与稳定性测试结果想吻合。     

改性膨润土脱除废水中F~-的研究

研究了改性前后膨润土对含氟废水的处理能力,结果表明:用10 g/LMg-Al溶液改性后的膨润土的吸附能力明显增强,对F-浓度为20 mg/L的低氟废水的去除率由改性前的21.3%提高到78.8%,去除率明显提高。     

Mg-Al改性膨润土对废水中F-的吸附性研究

研究了改性前后膨润土对含氟废水的处理能力,以及F-浓度、时间、膨润土用量及温度对吸附的影响.结果 表明:用10 g/LMg-Al溶液改性后的膨润土的吸附能力明显增强,对F-浓度为20 mg/L的低氟废水的去除率由改性前的12.7%提高到74.72%,且随膨润土用量的增加,去除率明显提高.     

固相法改性纳米碳酸钙对丁苯橡胶的补强作用

研究了用带有酚醛结构的反应性有机改性剂对纳米碳酸钙进行固相改性得到的M—CaCO3填充丁苯橡胶（SBR）所得复合材料的力学性能、热稳定性能、微观形态和老化性能．并与丁苯橡胶／硬脂酸包覆型纳米碳酸钙（CCR）复合材料的性能进行比较。结果表明，M—CaCO3对SBR力学性能和热稳定性能的提高比CCR更显著，且M—CaCO3能改善SBR的老化性能。电镜观察表明，M—CaCO3在SBR中的分散性优于CCR．且界面结合形态得到了改善。M—CaCO3添加量为20～40份时。复合材料综合力学性能最好。     

Synthesis and characterization of cationic gemini surfactant modified Na–bentonite and its applications for rubber nanocomposites

A cationic gemini surfactant (N‐isopropyl‐N , N‐dimethyldodecan 1‐aminium bromide) was synthesized by quaternization reaction. The synthesized surfactant was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. Modified Na–bentonite (organoclay) was obtained by the intercalation of a gemini surfactant between the layers of sodium bentonite and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FTIR, thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis (TGA–DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The results of XRD, TEM, FTIR, TGA, and corresponding DSC analysis indicate that gemini surfactant has been successfully intercalated into the clay layers. Rubber‐based nanocomposites have been prepared by incorporating various concentration of organically modified bentonite on to natural rubber/styrene–butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) rubber blend (75/25) using two roll mill. Effect of organoclay content on XRD, curing, mechanical, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) properties of the nanocomposites are investigated. The morphological study showed the intercalation of nanoclay in NR/SBR blend chain. It was found that the organoclay decrease the optimum and scorch time of the curing reaction, increase maximum torque and the curing rate, which was attributed to the further intercalation during vulcanization process. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus and elongation at break have improved. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:396–403, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Silica‐modified SBR/BR blends

The purpose of this article is that the silica‐modified SBR/BR blend replaces natural rubber (NR) in some application fields. The styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) and cis‐butadiene rubber (BR) blend was modified, in which silica filler was treated with the r‐Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH‐550) as a coupling agent, to improve mechanical and thermal properties, and compatibilities. The optimum formula and cure condition were determined by testing the properties of SBR/BR blend. The properties of NR and the silica‐modified SBR/BR blend were compared. The results show that the optimum formulawas 80/20 SBR/BR, 2.5 phr dicumyl peroxide (DCP), 45 phr silica and 2.5 mL KH‐550. The best cure condition was at 150°C for 25 min under 10 MPa. The mechanical and thermal properties of SBR/BR blend were obviously modified, in which the silica filler treated with KH‐550. The compatibility of SBR/BR blend with DCP was better than those with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and DCP/BPO. The crosslinking bonds between modified silica and rubbers were proved by Fourier transform infrared analysis, and the compatibility of SBR and BR was proved by polarized light microscopy (PLM) analysis. The silica‐modified SBR/BR blend can substitute for NR in the specific application fields. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.