玫瑰希腊式酸奶生产工艺研究

以玫瑰花浆、乳清蛋白和奶粉为原料,研究了玫瑰希腊式酸奶的工艺条件。通过单因素试验和正交试验,以感官评定为标准,研究玫瑰希腊式酸奶的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,在乳清蛋白添加量为0.9%,玫瑰花浆添加量为8%,菌种添加量为5%,发酵温度42℃,发酵时间为7 h,感官评分最高。玫瑰希腊式酸奶质地均匀,口感细腻,酸甜适中,具有独特玫瑰清香味和浓郁的乳香味,其理化指标和微生物指标均符合国家标准。     

百合希腊式酸奶的研制及其抗氧化活性研究

以百合、乳清蛋白和稀奶油为主要研究对象,利用单因素试验和正交实验优化百合希腊式酸奶的最佳配方。利用Fenton反应法、邻苯三酚自氧化法和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)比色法测定百合希腊式酸奶对羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子(O~(2-))和DPPH的清除能力。结果表明,百合希腊式酸奶的最佳配方为百合浆添加量7%,乳清蛋白添加量1.2%,稀奶油添加量8%,发酵剂接种量0.500%。抗氧化实验表明10 g百合希腊式酸奶对·OH、O~(2-)和DPPH的清除率分别为51.33%,29.36%和12.41%,显著高于对照组(P0.05),可见百合的添加显著提高了产品的抗氧化活性。     

响应面法优化褐色希腊式酸奶的生产工艺

以牛奶、乳清蛋白和葡萄糖为原料,研究了褐色希腊式酸奶的生产工艺。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法研究了乳清蛋白添加量、接种量、发酵温度对褐色希腊式酸奶品质的影响,建立了二次回归模型,确定了最佳工艺条件:乳清蛋白添加量1.2%,接种量5%,发酵时间6 h,此时酸奶呈现黄褐色,焦糖风味突出,口感细腻浓稠,感官评分86分,与模型预测值基本相符。     

凝固型豌豆蛋白酸奶的研制

以新鲜牛奶为原料,加入豌豆蛋白粉研制凝固型酸奶。以豌豆蛋白粉添加量、酸奶发酵时间、混合发酵菌种接种量为考察因素做单因素试验和正交试验,确定凝固型豌豆蛋白酸奶的优化工艺参数。结果表明:在豌豆蛋白粉的添加量为6%、发酵时间为3.5 h、发酵剂接种量为4%、发酵温度40℃、蔗糖添加量6%时,感官评分最高,成品酸度在79~90°T之间,酸奶具有良好的品质特性,酸度适宜、细腻均匀、有极少量的乳清析出,具有豌豆蛋白粉和酸奶的混合香气。     

基于模糊数学感官评价法的玫瑰红曲希腊式酸奶的研制

为了得到比较科学、客观的评价结果,消除主观因素对玫瑰红曲希腊式酸奶配方确定的影响。采用正交试验优化了发酵工艺条件,通过模糊数学感官评价方法从色泽、组织状态、香气和滋味四个方面对玫瑰红曲希腊式酸奶的品质进行评价。结果表明,玫瑰花浆添加量为1%、乳清蛋白添加量为0.9%、红曲米粉添加量为5%、木糖醇添加量为8.5%,在此最佳条件下发酵制得的酸奶凝乳紧密,均匀,酸甜适中,口感细腻顺滑,乳香味浓,玫瑰香味与红曲香味突出,香气协调。     

响应面法优化葛根酸奶发酵工艺

选择药食同源中药材葛根为原料，复配复原乳、白砂糖和发酵剂研制具有抗氧化活性的功能性酸奶产品。通过单因素试验和响应面试验，以感官评分为指标，优化了葛根酸奶的制备工艺。结果表明，葛根酸奶的最佳发酵工艺为脱脂乳粉添加量12.5%，葛根水提液添加量3.93%，白砂糖添加量5.89%，发酵剂接种量0.1%，于42℃发酵5.54 h，制备的葛根酸奶呈淡黄色，乳清析出少，口感绵密，酸甜可口，具有葛根清香和酸奶的独特香气，感官评分达到89.87分。葛根酸奶对DPPH和羟自由基的清除率分别为84.48%和64.20%，均强于原味酸奶（65.06%和55.67%），为葛根在发酵食品中的应用提供参考依据。     

响应面法优化红酒酸奶的制作工艺

该文以红酒和全脂牛乳为主要原料开发一种新型酸奶产品,通过单因素试验分别考察红酒添加量、白砂糖添加量、发酵剂接种量、发酵时间对红酒酸奶感官评分的影响,并利用响应面法对红酒酸奶的制作工艺进行优化。结果表明,红酒酸奶的最佳工艺参数为：红酒添加量7%,白砂糖添加量6%,发酵剂接种量4%,发酵时间7 h。在此工艺条件下发酵的红酒酸奶色泽均匀、组织细腻、酸甜适中,具有红酒和牛乳的营养及风味,产品的综合品质最佳。     

响应面法优化金银花枸杞风味酸奶的发酵工艺

以金银花、枸杞、全脂奶粉为原料,采用单因素试验研究了金银花汁添加量、枸杞汁添加量、白砂糖添加量、发酵温度、发酵时间、发酵剂接种量对金银花枸杞风味酸奶发酵的影响。以感官评分为响应值,采用响应面法对金银花枸杞风味酸奶的发酵工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,金银花枸杞风味酸奶的最佳发酵工艺条件为金银花汁添加量5%、枸杞汁添加量6%、白砂糖添加量8%,发酵剂接种量10%,发酵温度43 ℃,发酵时间5.1 h。在此优化工艺条件下,发酵的金银花枸杞风味酸奶组织细腻,酸甜可口,具有独特的中药香,感官评分为91分。     

蓝莓枸杞风味酸奶的研制

以蓝莓、枸杞、全脂奶粉为原料,通过单因素试验、正交试验优化蓝莓枸杞风味酸奶的工艺。确定蓝莓枸杞风味酸奶的配方为蓝莓汁添加量8%、枸杞汁添加量3%、白砂糖添加量9%,母发酵剂接种量10.0%（母发酵剂由保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌按1∶1的比例制成）,发酵温度42 ℃,发酵时间8 h。在此条件下,发酵制成的蓝莓枸杞风味酸奶组织细腻均匀,酸甜可口,具有独特的蓝莓果香与酸奶香气,感官评分为93分,酸度为74 °T。     

燕麦红茶酸奶加工工艺的研究

以燕麦粉、红茶和脱脂奶粉为主要原料,以市售乳酸菌为发酵剂,经发酵可得一种新型凝固性酸奶。通过单因素试验、正交试验对燕麦红茶酸奶的风味进行感官评价,确定最佳配方和工艺为:白砂糖添加量为9%,燕麦粉添加量为2.5%,红茶茶汤添加量为10%,接种量为0.3%,发酵温度为42℃,发酵时间为6h,琼脂添加量0.4%。所制备的酸奶质地均匀,品质优良,具有燕麦和红茶的营养及风味。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press