N235/异辛醇体系从仲钨酸铵结晶母液中萃取钨的研究

提出并研究了N235/异辛醇体系从仲钨酸铵(APT)蒸发结晶母液中萃取回收钨的新方法,考察了有机相组成、料液pH值、温度等因素对钨萃取的影响,绘制了萃取和反萃取等温线,并进行了模拟多级逆流萃取全流程实验.结果表明,N235/异辛醇萃取体系能够从仲钨酸铵蒸发结晶母液中实现钨的高倍富集回收及其与SO42-、Cl-的高效分离...     

从废酸中萃取铼的工艺优化

优化萃取-反萃工艺条件回收污酸中铼,选取N235:仲辛醇:煤油=20:20:60作为萃取剂的配比,铼的萃取率为88.42％.负载有机相用氨水反萃时,选取浓度10％～12％氨水反萃时最优.采用污酸预处理-萃取-反萃工艺生产铼酸铵,预处理得到的铼液含Re为1.2g/L,萃前铼液的杂质总量≤0.4 g/L,铼的萃取率为98％...     

仲钨酸铵结晶母液处理技术的发展与工艺评价

综述了国内处理仲钨酸铵结晶母液的各种技术。对人造白钨法、余碱分解法、离子交换法、选择性沉淀法、纳滤法、盐酸调酸法分别进行了比较与评价。     

含砷含镍高酸硫酸铜结晶母液的综合利用

针对硫酸铜结晶母液含砷、含镍、高酸的特点,根据正交试验法,采用pH调控法依次进行中和、沉铜、沉镍工业试验,探究了反应时间和终点pH对分离效果的影响。结果表明,采用液碱调控母液pH能有效回收铜、砷、镍元素。中和反应最佳参数为：终点pH=2.5~3.0、反应时间1.5 h、反应自然升温,能够以铜砷渣形式回收98%以上的砷,并与镍成功分离;沉铜反应终点pH=6.0~6.5、反应时间1.0 h、反应温度80~90 ℃,能实现铜沉淀率＞93%;沉镍反应终点pH=10.0~10.5、反应时间2.0 h,在室温下压滤,镍沉淀率＞98%。母液经处理后得到的沉镍后液含铜＜50 mg/L,含砷＜5 mg/L,含镍＜100 mg/L,母液得到有效处理,实现铜回收率＞96%,砷回收率＞98%,镍回收率＞84%。     

含钌含铼高温合金电化学溶解工艺研究

采用电化学溶解法对某含钌含铼高温合金废料在盐酸电解体系中的溶解过程进行研究。考察了电流密度、电解液酸度、电解液镍离子浓度、温度、搅拌速率对电解过程的影响。结果表明,在阳极电流密度400A/m~2、盐酸浓度2mol/L、镍离子浓度100g/L以下、电解温度40℃、搅拌速率200r/min的条件下,合金中镍、钴的电化学溶解率可达60%以上,钨、钽、铼、钌等稀贵金属溶解率小于0.8%,实现了合金中贱金属和稀贵金属的高效分离。     

从含锗硫酸锌溶液中萃取锗防乳化实验研究

用7815从含锗硫酸锌溶液中萃取锗时产生乳化,引起乳化的主要物质是溶液中的Si O_2胶体。通过选择有效絮凝剂明胶,在温度70℃下搅拌反应30 min,常温下静置3 h可使溶液中Si O_2降至50 mg/L以下,避免了乳化。     

高含砷硫酸铜结晶母液提砷新工艺的研究

从介绍铜电解液净液过程中产生的粗硫酸铜结晶精制的方法入手,详细研究了高含砷硫酸铜结晶母液传统提砷的方法、硫化砷饼与结晶母液压煮提砷工艺与二氧化硫直接还原提砷方法,目的是通过对比多种方法的优缺点,找到一种更先进、更科学的提砷技术,并通过生产实践证明其可行性。     

钼精矿中铼回收工艺研究

针对含铼钼精矿研究了焙烧石灰添加量、焙烧温度、硫酸浓度、液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间对钼、铼浸出率的影响,并对铼浸出液进行萃取分离钼铼研究。结果表明:含铼钼精矿在焙烧过程石灰添加量为精矿量1.8倍、焙烧温度700℃、硫酸浓度60 g/L、液固比5:1、浸出温度为70℃、浸出时间2 h的优化条件下,钼、铼浸出率分别为0.79%、90.50%,可基本实现钼铼分离。铼浸出液采用5%N235作为萃取剂,在硫酸浓度为150 g/L、相比O/A=1/6、萃取时间4 min条件下,铼萃取率达96%以上,铼钼分离系数达到815。     

对钛白水解母液中提钪工艺流程的改进研究

对钛白水解母液中用P204－TBP-煤油萃取的提Sc工艺流程进行了改进研究。研究结果表明：该萃取体系中TBP的最佳含量（体积分数）为6％；15级逆流连续洗杂能有效分离Sc、Ti，且工艺易于控制；采用优溶工艺精制Sc，能除去95％以上的Ti等杂质，大大简化了提钪工艺流程。     

APT结晶母液中钨的回收方法与现行钨冶炼工艺的对接性

在分析我国钨冶炼工艺及钨钼分离方法的基础上,明析APT结晶母液的组成及APT结晶母液处理的原因。详细分析了APT结晶母液处理原理、工艺、相关技术指标及方法特点,探讨了各处理方法与现行钨冶炼工艺的对接性,指出未来APT结晶母液处理的方向。     

Study of extraction and purification of Ni, Co and Mn from spent battery material

In spent battery material, there are plenty of valuable metals, such as copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese. Recovery of valuable metals from spent battery material not only protects the environment but also improves the utilization of resources and decreases the cost of battery material. In this study, hydrochloric acid is used as lixivant with characteristics of faster leaching rate and being recycled easily. The optimal conditions are that hydrochloric acid concentration is 6 mol/L, reaction temperature is exactly 60 °C, liquid/solid ratio is 8:1, (H₂O₂)_mol/(MeS)_mol = 2, and the leaching time is 2 h, the results show that the dissolution yields of Ni, Co and Mn can be 95 wt.% at least. The basic purification concept of the leaching solution includes that copper is removed through replacement by iron powder followed by iron precipitation in goethite method. The results show that Cu and Fe can be removed 99 wt.% at the least. At the same time, the loss of Ni, Co and Mn is not beyond 2 wt.%, 3 wt.％ and 2 wt.%, respectively. This method makes the preparation of pure Ni_xCo_yMn_z ternary system precursor economical. The process seems to be able to claim base metals from waste in a reliable and feasible way.     

基于正交实验设计方法的APS喷涂Al_2O_3涂层性能的研究

采用正交实验方法研究了大气等离子喷涂工艺参数主气流量、喷涂功率和送粉量对Al2O3陶瓷涂层结合强度和显微硬度的影响,通过X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜研究了粉末和涂层的组织结构,采用WDW-50微机控制电子万能试验机、HV-1000维氏硬度计测量了涂层的结合强度、截面硬度,结合涂层组织结构并应用极差和方差分析方法对实验结果进行了分析,得到了优化后的工艺参数。结果表明,涂层由熔融和未熔融区域混合而成,截面形貌凹凸咬合,以机械结合为主。影响大气等离子喷涂Al2O3涂层性能工艺参数的主次顺序依次为:喷涂功率、主气流量、送粉量,随着功率和主气流量的升高,涂层的结合强度和硬度均出现先增加后降低的趋势。大气等离子喷涂Al_2O_3最优工艺参数为喷涂功率44KW,主气流量40L/min,送粉量40g/min,制备的涂层结合强度52MPa,显微硬度1219.4HV0.3,孔隙率值为4.00%。     

Preparation of blast furnace burdens with middle-low basicity from high-SiO2-content iron concentrates by composite agglomeration process (CAP)

With the depletion of high-grade iron ores, iron and steel companies all over the world are expected to use refractory iron ore resources in the sintering process. Composite agglomeration process (CAP) was utilised to improve the sintering performances of high-SiO₂-content iron concentrates in this study. Theoretical calculation indicates that CAP is more effective for the agglomeration of high-SiO₂-content iron concentrates compared with traditional sintering process (TSP). The sintering pot tests results showed that the sintering yield of 74.15 wt-%, tumbler index of 72.75 wt-% and productivity of 1.54 t·(m²·h)^?1 were achieved, which is 9.12 wt-%, 10.70 wt-% and 0.45 t·(m²·h)^?1 higher than that by TSP, respectively. Moreover, CAP decreased the solid fuel consumption by 11.77 kgfuel/tproduct. Researches of metallurgical performances showed the CAP product can be used as high-quality blast furnace burdens. This investigation provides an effective route to utilise the inferior high-SiO₂-content iron concentrates.     

Comparative Study on Photoluminescent Properties of CaGdAlO4：Eu3＋ Phosphors Synthesized with Three Methods

CaGdAlO4 ： Eu^3＋ powder phosphors were prepared using citrate sol-gel （CSG）, haft-dry and half-wet （HDW） and solid state （SS） methods, respectively. X-ray diffraction results confirm the formation of CaGdAlO4：Eu^3＋ at 900 % （CSG）, 1200℃ （HDW） and 1400℃ （SS）, respectively. Field emission scan electron microscopy （FE-SEM） images show that the CaGdAlO4：Eu^3＋ powder prepared by the CSG and HDW method has an elliptical shape and that prepared under the SS method has a flaky shape. Upon excitation with 280 nm UV light, all the CaGdAlO4： Eu^3＋ powders show bright red emission on account of the 4f-4f transitions of the Eu^3＋ ions. Moreover, the size of the phosphor particles and the emission intensity increase with the increase of calcined temperature. At the same calcination temperature of 1400 ℃, the ^5D0→^7F2 emission intensity of the sample prepared by HDW method is the highest. Stark components of the ^5D0→^7FJ emission transitions, both at room temperature and at a low temperature, reveal that the Eu^3＋ ions occupy only one site with non-centrosymmetry in the crystals.