世界部分国家水果罐头产量(柑桔除外)

世界部分国家水果罐头产量(柑桔除外)(单位:万吨)蔺俞橇 年份 介一一__澳大利亚 (杏,什锦水果,桃,梨, 菠萝)加拿大 (苹果,苹果沙司,杏,樱 桃,什锦水果,桃,梨, 李)西德 (苹果,苹果沙司,杏,樱 桃,桃,梨,李)a南非,, (苹果,苹果沙司,什锦水 果,桃,梨,菠萝,李)英国 (苹果,苹果沙司,樱桃, 什锦水果,桃,梨,李)其他国家(全部水果) 阿根廷19691970197119721973{19741矛咋书一46「26.8226.4322。522‘·7‘…‘8·85{’飞8814563 .590505789299141526二、夕‘q山 Q自1.!.1‘eseswelles;i.j.esesl..eses713。74108521﹄J RO口0 CU八匕nU .… 八OA玉…     

果汁中梨成分分子生物学鉴伪-实时荧光PCR方法研究

根据不同植物品种中类甜蛋白基因内含子的差异性,克隆梨类甜蛋白基因内含子,并根据其序列设计梨特异性扩增引物.通过对苹果、梨、桃等多种水果成分的特异性筛选,建立梨成分的实时荧光PCR检测方法,该方法对梨DNA的检测低限为10 pg/μL.用该方法检测几种常见的果汁样品(梨汁、梨果肉饮料、苹果汁、苹果果肉饮料、桃汁),结果表明,能够检测到果汁中的梨成分.该法可用于果汁或食品中梨成分的鉴别.     

果蔬混合饮料配方研究

以胡萝卜、番茄、苹果、梨、芹菜为原料,开发研制果蔬混合饮料.利用多重对应分析,以感官得分为评价指标,摸索果蔬混合饮料配方的设计和优化方法,确定果蔬混合饮料最佳配方.经优化后的配方为:苹果40(mL)、梨22(mL)、胡萝卜35(mL)、西红柿20(mL)、芹菜9(mL).     

表面增强拉曼光谱法快速测定保健酒中西地那非

目的 建立金核银壳结构纳米颗粒(Au@Ag NPs)的表面增强拉曼光谱法(surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS)快速检测保健酒中非法添加物西地那非的分析方法。方法 制备3种纳米粒子Ag、Au、Au@Ag NPs为SERS基底, 比较3种基底的增强效果。样品前处理基于溶剂萃取法, 利用二氯甲烷对保健酒中的西地那非进行简单提取, 通过调节体系pH值, 得到最佳提取率和SERS增强效果。结果 Au@Ag NPs的SERS增强效应优于Au NPs和Ag NPs; 用0.1 mol/L氢氧化钾调节溶液pH值可有效提高二氯甲烷的提取效果, 再用0.1 mol/L稀盐酸溶解挥发后残留物, 使得西地那非在pH调节后更有利于吸附在Au@Ag NPs表面, 获得更强的SERS信号。西地那非的检出限为0.5 mg/L, 在0.5~10 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系较好, 相关系数(r2)为0.9472, 回收率为86.0%~95.8%之间, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)为3.6%~5.9%。 结论 SERS技术灵敏度高、特异性强, 可用于快速检测保健酒中的西地那非, 为快速筛查大量样品提供新方法。     

表面增强拉曼散射技术对白酒中克百威残留的定性检测

建立表面增强拉曼散射（surface enhanced Raman scattering,SERS）技术对白酒中的克百威残留进行定性检测方法。制备金溶胶（Au nanoparticles,Au NPS）和不同Ag壳厚度的银包金纳米粒子（Au@Ag NPS）,通过探测分子罗丹明B（R6G）比较Au NPS和不同Ag壳厚度Au@Ag NPS的SERS增强效果;碱性条件下,向克百威分子引入标记物2,6-二氯醌-4-氯亚胺,再与增强效果较好的NPS按比例混合进行拉曼测试,讨论SERS信号采集条件,并对拉曼谱峰进行比较和归属,计算克百威在Au@Ag NPS增强基底上的增强因子。结果表明：克百威、标记物和Au@Ag NPS的比例为1∶0.225∶7,约7 nm Ag壳厚度Au@Ag NPS效果最好,克百威的检测下限为1×10－16 mol/L,Au@Ag NPS增强因子为2×108,用此方法检测3 种市售白酒中均含有微量的克百威,方法快速、简便、结果可靠。     

镀锡薄板罐头内壁防腐研究

镀锡薄板是罐头食品工业生产中的主要包装材料,电镀锡板自从1937年试制、生产成功后,已广泛地应用到罐头工业生产中去了,目前国外罐头工业生产中,采用电镀锡板约占90％以上。1973年轻工部在江苏镇江召开电素铁会议,责成烟台罐头厂的糖水桃、梨(阳梨、莱阳梨、三季梨、长把梨、香水梨)、苹果、果汁(苹果汁、阳梨汁等)四种产品改用电镀锡板。     

Au@Ag NPs表面增强拉曼快速测定奶粉中的三聚氰胺

建立表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测奶粉中三聚氰胺的方法。基于溶剂萃取法,利用乙腈对奶粉中的三聚氰胺进行提取,制备银包金溶胶(Au@Ag NPs)作为增强基底,并优化增强基底的条件来获得最佳拉曼信号。用乙腈提取三聚氰胺,将5mol/L NaCl和1mol/L NaOH的混合溶液作为凝聚剂,使Au@Ag NPs与三聚氰胺分子紧密结合后检测,可获得响应最强的表面增强拉曼(surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy,SERS)信号。三聚氰胺在奶粉中的的检出限为0.008 5 mg/kg,回收率在71.07%～91.15%,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.52%～4.22%。该方法可用于奶粉中三聚氰胺的快速检测。     

海水酵母菌的分离鉴定及其在果实贮藏保鲜中的应用

本文研究了海水酵母菌对果实腐烂病的防治效果以及其在梨和苹果果实采后贮藏保鲜中的作用。通过显微观察结合分子生物学方法对分离的菌株进行鉴定,结果表明该菌与酵母菌(Galactomyces geotrichum)同源性相近,属于酵母菌类。通过平板抑菌试验及活体试验研究该菌对腐烂病菌的拮抗作用,发现该菌对腐烂病菌具有明显的拮抗作用,活体试验结果表明,5×107 CFU/m L该菌对接种了5×104 spores/m L病原菌的梨和苹果果实腐烂病具有良好的防治效果。经该菌悬浮液浸泡处理的采收后的梨果实,贮藏20 d时的腐烂率比对照少20%,贮藏60 d苹果的腐烂率比对照减少了30%。另外,该菌处理能够延缓梨和苹果果实的软化速率,保持果实较高的营养品质。本研究表明,从海水中分离的酵母菌在果实腐烂病的生物防治和果实保鲜方面具有极大的应用潜力。     

浓缩果汁生产线项目落户新疆库尔勒

<正>新疆拓普农业股份有限公司12 000t/年浓缩果汁生产线建设项目完成备案立项,该项目拟在库尔勒经济技术开发区征用建设用地13.33hm2,项目一期年处理梨、苹果等非商品化果(残次果、落地果等)93 000t,产梨浓缩清汁10 000t、梨浓缩浊汁500t、梨浆500t、苹果浓缩清汁1 000t,项目占地8hm2,一期投资8 500万元。     

世界部分国家水果罐头产量

表1世界部分墨国家水果罐头产量协乍桔除外) (单.位:万吨)国另}}(品名、年份1 973197云澳大干{)、匡 (杏、洲一锹水果、桃、梨、波萝)为{{掌仗 (苹呆、苹呆沙司、杳、}要桃、什锦水 果、档匕、梨、李)「二、{…{(··、··沙·、···帆桃、一… (苹果、苹果沙司、什锦水果、桃、} 梨、.民多李,’英国24 .720 .90,.761 .469 .766。9823。6226.432.透O 1 97遭:8 .81 遭.07 9 .1225 .28 2 .8注不详(苹果、苹果沙司、樱桃、什锦水果、桃、梨、李)其他国家阿根廷.170。805 .77 意大利 日本 西班牙 美国世界总计8。99 1 8 .35 里。69138.92不…     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the