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采用市售黄豆进行压榨制备毛油,并进行脱胶实验。研究加热温度、磷酸加入量、酸化时间、加水量、水化时间等因素对大豆毛油脱胶效果的影响。单因素试验表明:大豆毛油加热温度在45~60℃、磷酸加入量为油重0.3%~0.6%、酸化时间10~25min、加水量为3%~6%、水化时间在10~25min时脱胶效果比较好。在单因素试验结果基础上设计了五因素、四水平的正交实验,以确确定大豆油脱胶工艺的最佳参数。在加热温度50℃、磷酸加入量0.3%、酸化搅拌时间15min、加水量4%、水化搅拌时间30min此脱胶条件下,脱胶效果最好,脱胶率可达为81.74%。 相似文献
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通过单因素实验探究花生毛油酸法脱胶过程的影响因素,并在单因素实验数据基础上进行正交实验加以验证。单因素结果表明:温度70~80℃、磷酸添加量0.2%~0.5%、酸化时间10~20 min、加水量2%~5%、水化时间20~50 min,脱胶效果较好。在此基础上,设计了五因素四水平的L16(45)正交实验,对花生毛油酸法脱胶工艺进行了优化。根据正交实验结果可知,油温75℃、磷酸加入量为0.4%,酸化时间为15 min,加水量为4%,水化时间为40 min,脱胶效果最好,脱胶率可达为67%左右。 相似文献
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纺织用复合型和毛油的研制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了以复合机械油和复合乳化剂为主要原料的和毛油的制备工艺。复合机械油粘度达(30~46)×10-6m2/s,乳化剂由表面活性剂司盘S60及乳化剂EL40(各占40%和60%)复合而成,油剂含油量可达85%,提高了和毛油的纤维间抱合力、平滑性及抗静电等性能。常温下可自乳化,乳液6个月不分层。 相似文献
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研究了利用大豆毛油与甲醇在超临界条件下制备生物柴油的工艺条件,考查了反应温度、压力、醇油摩尔比和反应时间对大豆毛油与甲醇进行酯交换反应转化率的影响,并得到最优反应条件:温度320℃,压力10MPa,醇油摩尔比10∶1,反应时间60min。 相似文献
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毛纺织用自乳化和毛油ZR 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
赵雅琴 《精细与专用化学品》2004,12(2):12-14
和毛油ZR是以锭子油、乳化剂EM、太古油、增溶剂等为主要原料 ,通过优化配方制成的。其特点是含油量高、稳定性好、自乳化、可以与水任意比例混合制成工作液。本文对各组成部分对和毛油性能的影响进行了详细的讨论 相似文献
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Niloufar Nekouei Karamatollah Rezaei 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2020,97(7):765-778
Wild almond (Amygdalus scoparia) oil is rich in oleic acid and, considering both nutritional and stability points of view, it can be utilized for future food applications. In the current study, acid degumming was investigated based on a method by response surface methodology using four degumming parameters, namely the amount of phosphoric acid (0.0–0.2%, w/w), the amount of water (1.0–5.0%, w/w), degumming temperature (30–70 °C), and degumming time (10–50 min). Optimum conditions for the minimum phosphorus level in the oil were found to be 0.15% phosphoric acid, 3.0% water, 40 °C degumming temperature, and 28 min degumming time, resulting in an almost complete removal of phosphorus. The final degummed wild almond oil had less than 1 mg kg−1 phosphorus (reduced from an original value of 206 mg kg−1). The experimental value of phosphorus reduction at optimum conditions agreed well with that predicted by the model. Peroxide value, anisidine value, iron, copper, and lead contents, phytosterols, unsaponifiable matter, and color of the oil decreased significantly during the degumming process; however, the fatty acid composition did not change. Also, degumming did not significantly impact the free fatty acid level, refractive index, density, iodine value, and the saponification value of the oil. However, tocopherols and the oxidative stability of the oil increased during degumming. Crude wild almond oil contained a trace level of amygdalin, which was completely eliminated during the degumming process. 相似文献
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为更好地了解我国原油进口形势,促进石油行业稳健发展,我们对影响我国原油进口的主要因素进行探讨。通过举例分析我国进口原油现状,总结得到我国原油进口的主要影响因素如下:国内原油供需关系从根本上影响原油进口数量的变化,我国国家政策是指引原油进口的重要因素,而原油运输与原油进口数量和安全性直接相关,同时,国际原油价格对原油进口的来源,种类和数量有一定影响。 相似文献
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对高酸原油的催化脱酸效果进行了试验,分别进行了不同温度下的脱酸效果,不同空速下的脱酸效果,不同催化剂下的脱酸效果以及不同种类的有机酸的脱酸效果的试验研究。通过研究可知Mg对于催化剂的脱酸效果有重要的影响,浸镁的ML-16B催化剂效果明显高于不浸镁的催化剂,且脱酸效果随温度的升高而增加;在重时空速方面,当空速低于18 h-1时,如果继续降低空速不但不能有效的提高脱酸率还会增加脱酸成本;比较了不同酸种类的脱酸效果可以发现,有机酸的碳链越长,脱酸效果越差。 相似文献
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由于常规石油资源的可利用量日益减少,在全世界资源中数量相当可观的重质原油将成为21世纪的重要能源。委内瑞拉重质原油由于其粘度大,胶质、沥青质含量高,重金属含量高,使其在输送及加工过程中都存在着与常规原油不同的技术问题。本文介绍了委内瑞拉原油的性质以及加工方案的探讨。 相似文献
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Xiaofei Jiang Ming Chang Xiaosan Wang Qingzhe Jin Xingguo Wang 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2014,91(12):2125-2134
The degumming of crude soybean oil with phospholipase A1 (PLA1) and phospholipase C (PLC) was studied, and optimal conditions were obtained for each enzyme. During degumming with PLA1, more fatty acid was found in the oil than would be expected by hydrolysis of only the terminal fatty acid chains, and glycerophosphophorylcholine and glycerophosphoethanolamine were detected in the gums. These observations indicate that acyl‐migration of phospholipid fatty acids occurred during PLA1 degumming. In addition, results showed that PLA1 degumming was capable of reducing the phosphorus content in the oil to levels acceptable for physical refining (<10 mg/kg). During degumming with PLC, an increase of 1,2‐diacylglycerol was found, as most phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were hydrolyzed by this enzyme. Treatment with either enzyme slightly decreased the oxidative stability of the oil and most metals were separated with the gums fraction. 相似文献
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为解决我国原油缺口问题,大量进口原油成为满足石油行业发展的必然趋势,讨论原油进口特点有助于为我国进口原油加工企业提供参考。通过收集和分析近些年来原油进口的相关数据,从原油进口的数量,种类和加工利润分析,可以得到我国原油进口的特点是原油数量庞大且增长迅速,进口来源广泛,种类多元化,同时,我国进口原油加工企业投资大,收益小,需要提高原油评价水平。 相似文献
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关于延迟焦化装置处理高酸值重质原油的探讨 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
文章分析了高酸值重质原油残碳值高、酸值高、重金属含量高等特点及对其加工的难度,提出采用延迟焦化装置直接处理原油的工艺。通过分析延迟焦化装置加工高酸值重质原油受到的影响因素,提出在已有工艺基础上的改进措施,增加预处理工序,以脱水、脱盐、脱钙、脱轻组分和降低酸值;对加热炉出口温度、焦碳塔顶压力和循环比等工艺条件的改进进行了探讨;列举了各种钢材的防酸腐蚀的能力,并对主要设备管道材质的选用提出了建议。 相似文献