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微细化淀粉在塑性生物降解塑料中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用红外光谱和实验,研究了微细化交联淀粉对热塑性淀粉对热塑性生物降解塑料材料性能的影响,结果表明,微细化交联淀粉的平均粒径可以达到3μm。经偶联剂处理,微细化交联淀粉的疏水性是到提高。以此微细化交联淀粉为原料制备的热塑性降的降解塑料在淀粉质量分数高达40%的同时,拉伸强度达62.3MPa,断裂伸长率为289%,48h质量吸水率为0.31%。在120d内该塑料土埋生物降解率达到50%以上。 相似文献
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生物降解性热塑性淀粉塑料──一种可替代普通塑料的新型包装材料李琳译包装行业是目前使用塑料最多的一个行业。以前使用的包装材料是低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)和线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)其次是高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚氯... 相似文献
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一、开发降解地膜的必要性目前我国是世界上农膜覆盖面积最大的国家,超过西方发达国家地膜用量的总和。1990年我国地膜覆盖面积达4000万亩,棚膜面积220万亩,全国地膜用量为50万吨,预计到本世纪末,我国棚、地膜覆盖总面积将翻一番。目前,国产地膜是由高压聚乙烯经过高温吹塑而制成,这种薄膜抗生物降解,易老化、破碎,其残体遗留田间,清除困难,阻 相似文献
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全淀粉热塑性塑料及研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
主要阐述了热塑性淀粉(TPS)的塑化机理、热塑性淀粉的性质以及近年来国内外关于热塑性淀粉的研究成果。国内许多学者研究了增塑剂的种类和数量对热塑性淀粉性能的影响,淀粉改性后再塑化以及寻找新的增塑剂,但国内这种技术还处在研究阶段,还没有关于产业化和产品应用方面的报道;国外学者还研究了直链淀粉含量对热塑性淀粉性能的影响,研究了用淀粉的超小晶体作为增强剂可以提高热塑性淀粉的强度。 相似文献
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淀粉基热塑性生物降解塑料的研制 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
以干法改性淀粉为主要原料 ,通过由V (甘油 )∶V (乙二醇 ) =1∶2组成的复合增塑剂的增塑 ,添加增强剂PX和增溶剂EAA ,共混后可研制出淀粉基热塑性生物降解塑料。研究表明 ,该塑料中w (改性淀粉 ) =5 0 %~ 70 % ,其他添加成分也均可生物降解 ,具有良好的机械性能。生物降解实验显示其在 90d后降解率达 5 0 %以上 相似文献
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中国生物降解塑料开发历史、现状和发展趋势 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
回顾了中国生物降解塑料30多年的发展历史,介绍了目前中国的市场概况以及有关热塑性淀粉等天然聚合物、微生物发酵得到的聚羟基丁酸/戊酸酯、糖蜜等发酵得到的乳酸合成的聚乳酸、二氧化碳/环氧化合物共聚物等脂肪族聚酯和脂肪族/芳香族共聚酯等生物降解塑料的开发现状。另外,也简介了相关的生物降解塑料的标准化工作进展和讨论了今后的发展趋势。 相似文献
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Viscosity measurements were carried out on corn starch (CS) and CS–sodium alginate (SA) suspensions at low levels of SA [1 to 10% (w/w)], as a function of temperature. The addition of SA caused the granular CS gelatinization process to occur at a lower onset temperature. CS and CS–SA mixtures were extruded in single‐ and twin‐screw extruders, with 15% glycerol and different water contents. Processing of plasticized CS–SA mixtures required lower temperatures, which is consistent with the viscosity results. Homogeneous and flexible extrudates were obtained by processing in a twin‐screw extruder. Samples in the composition range between 0 and 10% (w/w) SA were examined using tensile tests as a function of water content. Mechanical properties were dependent on the water content and on the SA composition. A significant increase in the Young's modulus value was observed for the blend containing 1% SA. Dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out for CS and CS–SA blends. Two transitions were detected in the temperature range –80 to 150°C. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the morphology of the extruded samples. The surfaces of the films were homogeneous, which demonstrated that the CS granules in all samples were characteristically destructured under the conditions used in processing. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 412–420, 2001 相似文献
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微细化淀粉在热塑性生物降解塑料中的应用研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
利用红外光谱和实验 ,研究了微细化交联淀粉对热塑性生物降解塑料材料性能的影响。结果表明 ,微细化交联淀粉的平均粒径可以达到 3μm。经偶联剂处理 ,微细化交联淀粉的疏水性得到提高。以此微细化交联淀粉为原料制备的热塑性生物降解塑料在淀粉质量分数高达40 %的同时 ,拉伸强度达 6 2 3MPa ,断裂伸长率为 2 89% ,48h质量吸水率为 0 31%。在 12 0d内该塑料土埋生物降解率达到 5 0 %以上 相似文献
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Hwan‐Man Park Xiucuo Li Chang‐Zhu Jin Chan‐Young Park Won‐Jei Cho Chang‐Sik Ha 《大分子材料与工程》2002,287(8):553-558
Biodegradable thermoplastic starch (TPS)/clay hybrids were prepared by melt intercalation. Three organically modified montmorillonite (MMT) with different ammonium cations and one unmodified Na+ MMT (Cloisite Na+) were used. Cloisite Na+ showed the best dispersion in the TPS matrix. It was observed that the TPS/Cloisite Na+ hybrid showed an intercalation of TPS in the silicate layer due to the matching of the surface polarity and interactions of the Cloisite Na+ and the TPS, which gives higher tensile strength and better barrier properties to water vapor as compared to the other TPS/organoclay hybrids as well as the pristine TPS. It was found that the dynamic mechanical properties of the TPS/clay hybrids were also affected by the polar interactions. 相似文献