Sustainability Science and Planning: A Crucial Collaboration?

In this age of public skepticism about science, sustainability science offers a way to increase the application of science in planning and policy. This paper explores the relationship between science and society and the emergence of sustainability science. A comparison of the theory and practice of sustainability science and planning reveals the potential for a natural partnership. Based on the analysis, I suggest ways that planning may bridge the gap and build on the opportunity to strengthen its purpose and impact.     

Governance, Sustainability and Recent Australian Metropolitan Strategies: A Socio-theoretic Analysis

This article examines the response of planning to the challenges highlighted by current governance and sustainability discourses. To this end, an archaeology of the contested and shifting aims and objects of planning is employed to inform the analytic interrogation of five Australian metropolitan planning strategies. Analysis of the conceptual heritage of planning along with the emergent preoccupations with the planning governance and urban sustainability yields five key themes: policy, space, planning governance, finance and democracy. We deploy these in a critical review of contemporary Australian metropolitan strategies. The resulting empirical analysis suggests that an integrated planning paradigm, centrally concerned with urban sustainability, is coalescing within contemporary strategic planning systems. We argue that this strategic reorientation of growth management around broad sustainability and democratic concerns has the potential to reanimate planning and resecure its socio-political footings.     

中国城市自行车交通政策的演变与可持续发展

由于我国城市人口密度高,土地使用混合现象明显,城市自行车的使用一度非常普遍。但是由于认识上的偏差,1990年以后的相当长一段时间内,许多城市对自行车的发展采取了限制政策,导致自行车使用比例大幅度下滑。这与可持续发展的目标背道而驰。在分析了中国城市自行车交通政策的演变后,探讨了近年来出现的公共自行车的发展模式和作用。指出我国必须从政策、空间规划、经济和社会文化氛围等多方面为城市中自行车的使用创造有利条件,并把保持较高的自行车出行的比例作为城市可持续发展的一项指标。     

Governance,Sustainability and Recent Australian Metropolitan Strategies: A Socio‐theoretic Analysis

This article examines the response of planning to the challenges highlighted by current governance and sustainability discourses. To this end, an archaeology of the contested and shifting aims and objects of planning is employed to inform the analytic interrogation of five Australian metropolitan planning strategies. Analysis of the conceptual heritage of planning along with the emergent preoccupations with the planning governance and urban sustainability yields five key themes: policy, space, planning governance, finance and democracy. We deploy these in a critical review of contemporary Australian metropolitan strategies. The resulting empirical analysis suggests that an integrated planning paradigm, centrally concerned with urban sustainability, is coalescing within contemporary strategic planning systems. We argue that this strategic reorientation of growth management around broad sustainability and democratic concerns has the potential to reanimate planning and resecure its socio‐political footings.     

Sustainable urban qualities in the emerging city of Doha

Various urban qualities are required for sustainable urban development, which is a particular challenge in the case of emerging cities such as Qatar’s capital, Doha. Therefore, this paper seeks to introduce a framework concerning how to investigate urban qualities and their production in space in order to clarify the challenges and limitations of planning for sustainability. The paper is based on analyses and evaluations of GIS data as well as a series of interviews with 10 planning experts at the Ministry of Municipalities and Urban Planning and a series of questionnaires received from 350 inhabitants. After introducing the basic framework as a model, the three dimensions of sustainability – ecological efficiency, economic growth and social equity – are analysed in relation to the urban qualities needed for producing them. In conclusion the general challenges in establishing sustainable urban development mechanisms in Doha are discussed.     

英国城市规划可持续发展策略

城市规划领域如何实施可持续发展涉及政策设计、规划方法变革以及实施手段创新等不同层面。从城市规划政策、城市规划评估以及城市设计三个方面,探讨了英国城市规划实施可持续发展的基本思路和策略及其对我国城市规划贯彻科学发展观,实施可持续发展战略的启示。     

初探城市规划的公共政策属性解析

将城市规划作为一种公共政策,已经在我国学界达到了共识,得到了广泛学者的认可与关注。但是在实践中,公共政策还没有受到足够的重视。笔者认为,城市规划是本质上的公共政策。因此,本文就对城市规划的公共政策属性进行了分析。     

基于可持续发展目标的战略规划——以宁波为例

可持续发展自提出至今已被广为接受和重视,但是如何将这一理念和目标转化到可操作层面,在城乡规划实践中加以系统贯彻和落实目前却仍未有定论。战略规划是城市政府制定的具有权威性的公共政策与纲领性文件,本文基于对可持续发展导向的战略规划框架的系统分析,探讨了在战略规划层面通过城市各发展子领域的可持续性综合集成实现城市整体层面的可持续发展,并以宁波2030城市发展战略为例,对可持续发展导向的战略规划进行了有益的实践探索。     

城市公共政策与城市规划政策概论--城市总体规划实施政策研究

本文阐述了城市规划政策与城市公共政策之间的关系,并在揭示了城市公共政策特征的基础上,对城市规划政策的组成及其实施的保障机制等方面进行了探讨.     

建构基于空间利益调控的城市规划政策体系

国家法律法规、政策、行政体制赋予城市规划部门的权域是空间开发调控权。城市规划作为公共政策,其政策功能就是调控空间开发活动中的利益。建构包括国家规划政策指引、区域性规划政策和地方城市规划政策的政策体系。本文借鉴国外经验,结合中国实践,从宏观、中观和微观三个层次进行城市规划政策工具和政策平台的创新。     

Acknowledgement of Referees

The management of land resources, particularly the role of planning regulations, is critical in defining what land can be used in urban development – and this throws up certain key questions: How can one best manage land resources available? How can one address future urban development needs on the basis of existing land from a sustainable perspective? In this article we propose to question the extent of planning theories in the light of concrete urban development using land availability information. By using comprehensive national data we explore the case of Luxembourg, a small European country facing exacerbated pressures for metropolitanization. We use scenarios that go from a lesser to a greater degree of sustainability in order to project and articulate different configurations of land consumption based on a critical literature review (Smart Growth, New Urbanism, and transit oriented development (TOD)). We explore how modelling might be used to help inform spatial planning for urban growth. This framework is intended as an approach that would be applicable to other urban settings by using data that can be found in any typical municipal authority along with implementation in a geographical information system (GIS). The results create a tool which is useful for planning, monitoring or forecasting land consumption. The results also clearly show the limited impact of planning practices in terms of sustainability using land availability.     

中国城市规划公共政策展望

城市规划作为一项公共政策,或城市规划具有公共政策属性的论断已得到越来越多中国学者或城市政府的认可。本文从公共政策学的视角,对城市规划公共政策的内涵、构成体系、运行机制,社会学议题及公众参与和城市规划公共政策的关系等问题进行初步探讨,对中国城市规划公共政策的未来发展方向进行展望,并对其政策措施进行系统总结。     

试论我国城市化中城市规划的若干走向——从公共政策与行政管理角度的探讨

针对在城市规划进程中,对城市规划与公共政策属性认识、界定模糊的现象进行讨论,分别论述了城市规划的社会内涵、现代城市规划行政的特点和地方公共政策体系在西方规划历史上的变化。结合中国现有社会经济发展现状对我国城市规划进行了一些反思,对部分观点进行了辩证探讨,并引申讨论了城市规划变革的若干转向。     

城市发展私人小汽车的疑虑--关于我国现行汽车消费政策的城市规划视角思考

从政策背景、目标和内容来看,我国现行汽车消费政策具有一定的局限性和片面性,这将使城市规划面临着能否通过土地资源配置方式彻底解决或有效缓解交通拥堵问题的直接挑战。本文讨论了城市规划应对这项挑战的可能性,并就如何改进我国的汽车消费政策以使其进入可持续发展轨道提出了相关建议。     

理想、现实与理智--城市规划与建设中的政策思路

城市规划必须有理想,但理想要变成现实就必须研究规划实施的可能与途径.规划的理智和公共政策的制定既是规划师的责任,也是政府的职责.     

迈向可持续的城市:国际经验解读——从概念到范式

在全球的城市化进程中,推动城市自身的可持续建设,实现城市所在区域的可持续发展,早已成为了一个颇具挑战性的焦点议题,并在国际上形成了一股探索浪潮.为了对我国城市的可持续建设有所启示,对该领域中的国际经验进行了系统梳理和全面解读:一是回顾历史,从近年来一些重要的文献中,提炼出"城市可持续性"、"可持续城市"和"城市可持续发展"等具有普遍性的核心概念,分别进行主题性的分析解读;二是展望未来,通过理清核心概念间的整体逻辑,认为在国际城市研究领域中正在形成一种新的研究范式--系统的闭合环,以期给城市规划学科发展带来新机遇和挑战.     

From ecocycle to sustainable growth: governing sustainability in Stockholm and Växjö

Sustainable development has become a worldwide goal. Swedish municipalities were early to introduce Agenda 21, but the meaning of sustainable development is not always clear. This article illustrates how the sustainability discourses within two Swedish municipalities have shifted from focusing on adapting to the ecocycle to focusing on sustainable growth. The shift is seen parallel with municipalities’ growing role in the global economy, which has been argued to have become interweaved with a sustainability agenda. The analysis, informed by policy documents and interviews with municipal officials in Växjö and Stockholm, is based on a combination of Foucauldian discourse and governmentality.     

浅谈城市规划中公共政策的制定

探讨了城市规划与公共政策之间的关系,阐述了制定公共政策的必要性,从人居环境建设、城市公共空间管理、"城中村"改造,进城务工人员等方面总结了公共政策的制定目标,从而实现城市经济社会的和谐发展,人民生活水平的不断提高.     

上海城市交通政策的顶层设计思考

首先分析了城市交通与城市发展及可持续发展的关系,指出包括城市规划和城市交通规划内的城市管理能力是实现人们享受较高的城市交通方便性(城市机动性的提高),同时避免城市交通的外部性及对城市环境和全球气候环境的影响的重要因素。正是由于有比较明确的城市交通政策导向,面临城市快速经济发展和城市面积的扩展,与国内一些曾经希望适应小汽车发展的城市相比,上海城市交通状况和城市环境质量具有明显的优势。为此,对上海的城市交通政策的作用进行了系统的分析,指出在新的发展形势下一些曾经十分有效的政策其作用正在降低,人们必须对上海城市交通政策的顶层设计进行调整,将上海建设成为世界绿色城市交通之都     

My Career as a Pragmatist

In this article Varady reviews his 46 years of teaching, scholarship, and service in housing policy and community development. His New York City (NY) upbringing led to interests in cities and public policy, which led to degrees in city planning and eventually to receiving his university's highest award for academic excellence. Varady's pragmatism offers realistic solutions, questions long-held attitudes, and seeks objectivity in research. Although he takes ideology seriously, he is not an ideologue. Here he explains how his pragmatic perspective affected his research on neighborhood racial change, public housing, housing vouchers, and middle income housing programs. His career is best measured by the success of his many students who have had the benefi ts of his years of experience in the fi eld of housing research in both America and Europe .