降低小功率柴油机燃油消耗率的试验研究

降低小功率柴油机燃油消耗率的试验研究浙江大学内燃机研究所胡章其１前言我国小功率柴油机功率在１０ｋＷ以下的产品，品种多，产量大，除满足国内各类机械的动力配套需要之外，还远销国外。为了降低燃油消耗率，进一步提高产品质量，对小功率柴油机比较典型的几种产品Ｓ...     

降低6DS—18A柴油机燃油消耗率的研究

讨论了６ＤＳ－１８Ａ柴油机性能改善的主要措施，通过气缸盖气道的改进设计，减少流动阻力，提高通流系数和涡流比，改善了燃烧过程；同时采用ＮＲ１５／４增压器工替ＶＴＲ１６１增压器，提高了涡轮增压器效率，从而使６ＤＳ－１８Ａ柴油机的燃油消耗率下降１２ｇ／ｋＷ．ｈ。     

降低拖拉机变负荷平均燃油消耗率的措施及效果

通过对拖拉机上影响变负荷平均燃油消耗率的各种因素的分析,提出了减小变负荷平均燃油消耗率的措施,解决了YTR系列柴油机变负荷评价燃油消耗率高的问题。     

用修正多项式拟合燃油消耗率曲线

本文通过对大量试验数据的统计分析，比较多项式，间接多项工,莜 正多项式三种数学模型拟合燃油消耗率曲线的拟合效果，提出了采用修正多项式拟合法可获得最佳拟合的结论，进而提供了建立这种数学模拟的计算方法和程序设计思想，并应用试验数据的整理工作中。     

降低通用小型汽油机燃油消耗率的研究

在通用小型汽油机的结构尺寸不作变动，其化油器的结构尺寸也不作大的变动的前提下，通过改变化油器主量孔的尺寸大小控制进油量，简单改变泡沫管燃油通道的结构尺寸对燃油进行增压，在泡沫管顶部采用燃油多孔喷射技术等措施，以达到降低通用小型汽油机燃油消耗率的目的。     

改善燃油物性降低车辆发动机有害排放和节能的试验研究

车辆尾气有害排放物所造成的环境污染日益严重,根据车辆发动机所用燃油特性,研究了一系列添加剂,由台架对比试验测出,该系列汽油添加剂可使尾气中的碳氢化合物降低３０．１％、一氧化碳降低２０％,柴油添加剂可使尾气中的烟度降低３０％,且节能效果良好。     

发电厂柴油机使用燃油添加剂的探讨

文章分析介绍ＳＡＹＶＯＬ－ＥＣ２燃油全能增效剂的脱硫和节能作用及其对降低排放和提高经济效益的效果,并建议加以推广使用。     

电控共轨系统降低排放的试验研究

按正交试验法设计试验方案,分析了不同工况下燃油喷射压力和预喷射对排放和燃油消耗率的影响.结果表明:较高的喷射压力和较小的喷油提前角可以降低排放;预喷射可大幅降低NOx的排放,配合预喷射参数的优化,可较好地实现排放和燃油消耗率的折中优化.基于结果的分析,可获得发动机不同工况下的优化参数.     

Fuel properties and exhaust emissions of low blending rate soybean oil methyl esters blended with diesel fuel

The main properties and engine emissions of low blending rate soybean oil methyl ester blended with diesel from 5 to 30 wt% were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that, compared with diesel fuel, with an increase in the soybean oil methyl ester percentage in the blends, distillation temperature at 50%, flash point, kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, gelatine content, carbon residue, acidity and ash increase while a cold filter plugging point, solidifying point and copper corrosion keep constant, sulfur content decreases, smoke density and HC decrease while NO_x emission increase, CO increases at 2,200 r/min but decreases at 3,400 r/min.     

柴油机使用EGR后供油提前角对排放特性影响的研究

研究了增压直喷柴油机供油提前角对排放特性的影响规律,分析了在柴油机采用废气再循环（EGR）技术降低NOX排放的同时,不同供油提前角对柴油机排放及油耗的影响情况。依据柴油机EGR控制系统的工作特点和功能,确定了柴油机的最佳供油提前角,并通过负荷特性试验对比分析,证实了在保证此最佳供油提前角的情况下,EGR综合降低排放效果可达到最佳。     

Effects of Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel on combustion and emissions of direct injection diesel engine

Effects of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel fuel on the combustion and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine under different fuel delivery advance angles were investigated. The experimental results show that F-T diesel fuel exhibits shorter ignition delay, lower peak values of premixed burning rate, lower combustion pressure and pressure rise rate, and higher peak value of diffusion burning rate than conventional diesel fuel when the engine remains unmodified. In addition, the unmodified engine with F-T diesel fuel has lower brake specific fuel consumption and higher effective thermal efficiency, and presents lower HC, CO, NO _x and smoke emissions than conventional diesel fuel. When fuel delivery advance angle is retarded by 3 crank angle degrees, the combustion duration is obviously shortened; the peak values of premixed burning rate, the combustion pressure and pressure rise rate are further reduced; and the peak value of diffusion burning rate is further increased for F-T diesel fuel operation. Moreover, the retardation of fuel delivery advance angle results in a further significant reduction in NO _x emissions with no penalty on specific fuel consumption and with much less penalty on HC, CO and smoke emissions. __________ Translated from Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering, 2007, 28(2): 19–23 [译自: 内燃机工程]     

Experimental investigation of the performance and exhaust emissions of a swirl chamber diesel engine using JP-8 aviation fuel

An experimental study is conducted to evaluate the use of JP-8 aviation fuel as a full substitute for diesel fuel in a Ricardo E-6 high-speed naturally-aspirated four-stroke experimental engine having a swirl combustion chamber. The study covers a wide range of engine load and speed operating conditions, comprising measurements of cylinder pressure diagrams, high-pressure fuel pipe pressures, exhaust gas temperatures, fuel consumptions, exhaust smokiness and exhaust gas emissions (nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide). Processing of the measurements provides important performance parameters such as maximum combustion pressure, dynamic injection timing, ignition delay, combustion irregularity and knocking tendency. The differences in the measured performance and exhaust emission parameters are determined for engine operation with JP-8 fuel, against baseline engine operation using diesel fuel. The study shows that the exhaust emission levels are not much different for operation with the two fuels. On the contrary, operation with JP-8 fuel increases combustion pressures, combustion intensity and irregularity. This is caused mainly by high pressure fluctuations present in the fuel injection system due to the different physical properties of JP-8 fuel (compared to diesel fuel), which totally change the injection characteristics. Retardation of the static injection timing is one means of improving this situation, while using the same fuel injection equipment. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Experimental investigation of the influence of blending on engine emissions of the diesel engine fueled by mahua biodiesel oil

The present article elaborates on the various emission characteristics of mahua oil with diesel fuel in a diesel engine at various blending conditions. Experimental investigation results are studied for various parameters such as exhaust emission of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and oxides of nitrogen (NO) gases and exhaust gas temperature. Results show that residual oxygen, CO, HC, and NO emission were the lowest for mahua biodiesel compared with diesel. The experimental results proved that the use of mahua oil biodiesel as fuel in the diesel engine is a viable alternative to diesel fuel. Mahua biodiesel oil may be beneficial in decreasing greenhouse gas emissions without any engine modification. Mahua oil has the possibility of becoming a sustainable fuel source as biodiesel.     

Experimental study of engine performance and emissions for hydrogen diesel dual fuel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

With an alarming enlargement in vehicular density, there is a threat to the environment due to toxic emissions and depleting fossil fuel reserves across the globe. This has led to the perpetual exploration of clean energy resources to establish sustainable transportation. Researchers are continuously looking for the fuels with clean emission without compromising much on vehicular performance characteristics which has already been set by efficient diesel engines. Hydrogen seems to be a promising alternative fuel for its clean combustion, recyclability and enhanced engine performance. However, problems like high NOx emissions is seen as an exclusive threat to hydrogen fuelled engines. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), on the other hand, is known to overcome the aforementioned problem. Therefore, this study is conducted to study the combined effect of hydrogen addition and EGR on the dual fuelled compression ignition engine on a single cylinder diesel engine modified to incorporate manifold hydrogen injection and controlled EGR. The experiments are conducted for 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% loads with the hydrogen energy share (HES) of 0%, 10% and 30%. The EGR rate is controlled between 0%, 5% and 10%. With no substantial decrement in engine's brake thermal efficiency, high gains in terms of emissions are observed due to synergy between hydrogen addition and EGR. The cumulative reduction of 38.4%, 27.4%, 33.4%, 32.3% and 20% with 30% HES and 10% EGR is observed for NOx, CO2, CO, THC and PM, respectively. Hence, the combination of hydrogen addition and EGR is observed to be advantageous for overall emission reduction.     

关于降低内燃机车燃油消耗和维修费用加速代用燃料发动机开发的探讨和建议

从发展内燃机车燃油替代品、降低现有内燃机车的维修费用两个方面进行了探讨，并提出了建议。     

柴油机燃用低比例小球藻生物柴油-柴油混合燃料的试验研究

以野生小球藻生物柴油(Chlorella Biodiesel Fuel,CBF)-柴油作为混合燃料,利用186FA柴油机进行台架试验。在CBF的掺混比例分别为0%,3%,5%(B0,B3,B5)时,对柴油机的动力性、燃料燃用的经济性和燃烧及排放特性进行了比较分析。试验分析表明:柴油机燃用混合燃料时,与燃用纯柴油相比,随着CBF掺混比例的增加,其扭矩和功率略有下降,最大降幅均为4%;柴油机的油耗率和能耗率略有上升,且在高、中负荷时更为明显;柴油机的缸内压力、放热率峰值稍有减小,而压力升高率峰值稍有增大,缸内压力峰值最大降幅为3.4%,放热率峰值最大降幅为12.8%,压力升高率峰值最大增幅为13.7%;柴油机滞燃期缩短了0.5~1.0°CA、燃烧持续期延长了1.0~2.0°CA,缸内压力、压力升高率和放热率峰值的出现时刻均提前了1.0~2.0°CA,燃烧速度加快;HC,CO和碳烟的排放均有所降低,而NOX的排放逐渐增多,全负荷时HC和碳烟排放的最大降幅分别为14.1%和31.7%,NOX排放的最大增幅为9.7%,CO排放的降幅为6%~12%。     

机车柴油机有害排放试验与预测

基于在北京怀柔北机务段所进行的机车柴油机的水阻试验,将实时监测获得的大量数据进行处理,找到了CO、NO、NO2、NOx的浓度与转速和功率之间的关系,建立了数学模型,为预测机车柴油机污染物的排放情况提供了理论依据。     

供油提前角对柴油/水煤浆混合燃料燃烧排放性能的影响

通过柴油机台架试验,分析了供油提前角变化对柴油/水煤浆混合燃料燃烧排放的影响.试验结果表明:当供油提前角调定为18 ℃A时,柴油/水煤浆混合燃料的有效燃油消耗率降低,热效率升高,燃烧持续期最短,增加或减少供油提前角都将延长燃烧持续期;供油提前角变化对柴油/水煤浆混合燃料的排放有较大影响,逐步增大供油提前角(由17到18 ℃A,再到19 ℃A),混合燃烧的烟度排放降低,Nox的排放先降低再升高,CO的排放先升高再降低,HC排放升高.