添加稀土Dy对Cu50Zr46Al4合金的非晶形成能力和力学性能的影响

使用铜模吸铸法制备Cu_50-xZr₄₆Al₄Dy_x(x=0~4)系列合金,研究了Dy对其非晶形成能力和力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加1%~2%(原子分数)的Dy能明显提高Cu_50-xZr₄₆Al₄Dy_x合金的热稳定性和非晶形成能力。添加适量的Dy能提高体系的强度和塑性变形能力。还讨论了添加Dy元素影响Cu_50-xZr₄₆Al₄Dy_x体系非晶形成能力和力学性能的机理。     

Fe微合金化对Cu-Zr-Al非晶合金塑性变形行为的影响及其机理

用铜模喷铸法制备Cu_(47.8－x)Zr_46.2Al₆Fe_x(x=0, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6)系列合金,研究了Fe微合金化对其非晶形成能力和力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着微量元素Fe含量的提高合金的玻璃形成能力降低,而其室温塑性变形能力明显提高;随着Fe含量的提高基体中产生了更多的自由体积,且Fe与Cu的正混合焓使基体中成分/自由体积分布的不均匀性提高。这些因素,使高Fe含量的非晶合金具有更高的塑性变形能力。     

厚条带Mg-Al-Zn基合金的显微组织研究

利用单辊低速旋铸方法制备出Mg-3%Al-i.2%Zn-0.2%Mn合金厚条带,估算了不同转速下条带的冷却速度,并重点研究了条带正面及其横截面的显微组织.结果表明:单辊低速旋铸条带(300转/分和500转/分)的冷却速度在104K/s和105K/s之间,厚条带的晶粒较铸态组织品粒细小.500转/分的镁合金条带的断面组织晶粒沿横截面分布比较均匀,并基本均为等轴晶区.300转/分条带的自由面出现部分柱状晶,而贴辊面及贴辊面和自由面之间的过度区都为等轴晶.     

First investigations on twin-rolled Zr59Cu20Al10Ni8Ti3 bulk amorphous alloy by mechanical spectroscopy

Zr₅₉Cu₂₀Al₁₀Ni₈Ti₃ is one among compositions of ZrCu-based alloys giving bulk amorphous material by cooling from the melt. Twin-roll casting enabling samples suitable for our inverted torsion pendulum has been processed in strips of about 0.60 mm thick.

Low temperature IF measurements have been conducted on a specimen from room temperature to −120 °C at different heating and cooling rates. IF spectra exhibit peaks at around −40 °C (cooling) and −10 °C (heating) which are sensitive to heating rates and to the number of cycle (heating and cooling). DSC measurements have also been performed to help interpret the phenomena linked to the IF peaks.     

Observation of glass transition upon cooling in Pd40Ni10Cu30P20 alloy by DSC

Two-stage cooling experiments were carried out in a differential scanning calorimeter for an untreated bulk amorphous alloy Pd₄₀Ni₁₀Cu₃₀P₂₀. The results showed that the critical cooling rate for glass formation for the alloy was about 50 K/min. The continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curve was constructed based on the cooling experimental results and the critical cooling rate for glass formation subsequently calculated is in excellent agreement. The present results are compared with previous reported results and effects on the critical cooling rate for glass formation are discussed.     

Magnetic properties of melt spunSmFe11Ti-Sm2TM17 pseudobinary alloys

Several alloys in the SmFe₁₁Ti-Sm₂TM₁₇ (TM=Co/Fe/Cu/Zr) pseudobinary system containing O-90 wt.% Sm₂TM₁₇ were prepared by the melt spinning technique. A maximum as-spun coercivity of 4.6 kOe was obtained for the alloy containing 10 wt.% Sm₂TM₁₇ at a substrate velocity of 15 m/s. The coercivity is enhanced to 5.3 kOe after annealing at 800°C for 1 h. XRD (X-ray diffractometry) and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) were used to investigate the microstructure of the alloys. It is suggested that the grain refinement, doping of the 1-12 phase with Sm and other elements, and reduced free iron might be the main causes coercivity enhancement     

Zr-Cu-Ni非晶钎料真空钎焊TiAl合金/316L不锈钢接头的界面组织与剪切性能

采用自主设计制备的Zr-42.9Cu-21.4Ni非晶钎料对TiAl合金和316L不锈钢进行真空钎焊,研究钎焊温度和钎焊时间对TiAl合金/316L不锈钢异种金属接头微观组织和剪切性能的影响。结果表明：钎缝界面可以划分为6个不同的反应层。1040 ℃/10 min下制备的钎焊接头从TiAl合金到316L不锈钢侧界面组织依次为γ(TiAl)+AlCuTi/α₂(Ti₃Al)+AlCuTi/AlCu+ZrCuNi+FeZr/Cu₈Zr₃+ZrCuNi+TiFe+Fe₂Zr/FeZr+Fe₂Zr+TiFe₂+ZrCu/α-(Fe, Cr)。随着钎焊温度的升高,接头的抗剪强度先升高后降低。当钎焊温度为1040 ℃和钎焊时间25 min时,接头抗剪强度达到最大值162 MPa。断口分析表明,接头在FeZr+Fe₂Zr+TiFe₂+ZrCu界面处萌生,沿着Cu₈Zr₃+ZrCuNi+TiFe+Fe₂Zr和α-(Fe, Cr)扩展,呈解理断裂。     

Preparation and mechanical properties of a new Zr–Al–Ti–Cu–Ni–Be bulk metallic glass

In this paper, a new Zr₃₇Al₁₀Ti_12.5Cu_11.25Ni₉Be_20.25 bulk metallic glass is reported. The present alloy was prepared by water quenching in a silica tube of φ10×85 mm. The amorphicity of the quenched bulk samples was examined using X-ray diffraction analysis and optical microscopy. The thermal stability was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 10 K/min. The characteristic data of the bulk metallic glass are presented, including glass transition temperature (T_g) and crystallization temperature (T_x). Results show that the present alloy exhibits large glass forming ability. For comparison with the well-known Zr–Ti–Cu–Ni–Be metallic glass, it was found that aluminum has a little effect on the vitrification of the present alloy but influences physical properties. Specifically, Al enhances the Young's modulus by 21.4% and Vickers hardness by 20% and reduces density by 7.2%.     

La2Zr2O7 films on Cu–Ni alloy by chemical solution deposition process

Films of La₂Zr₂O₇ (=LZO) have been formed by chemical solution deposition technique (CSD) on new bi-axially textured Cu–Ni alloy tapes based on rolled constantan (Cu₅₅Ni₄₅) Rabits. The precursor used was acetylacetonates treated in propionic acid (0.1–0.87 mol/l) and then deposited by spin-coating. The LZO film starts to crystallize above 850 °C, the film nucleates bi-axially textured on the substrate (with unit cell axis rotated 45° from those of the substrate). The top part of the film is not textured even after long annealing time at 1100 °C, but the interfacial part is bi-axially textured. Thus, synthesis of bi-axially textured films on Cu₅₅Ni₄₅ Rabits seems possible but more works are needed to optimize its properties.     

Comparative study of martensitic transformation behavior of NiAlMn and NiAlMnFe high temperature shape memory alloys

A comparative study of microstructure and martensitic transformation (MT) behavior of Ni₅₉Al₁₁Mn₃₀ and Ni₆₀Al₁₉Mn₁₆Fe₅ high temperature shape memory alloys (SMAs) has been performed by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), optical microscopy, and micro-hardness testing. The MT temperature (MTT) of Ni₅₉Al₁₁Mn₃₀ alloy is higher than that of Ni₆₀Al₁₉Mn₁₆Fe₅ alloy, and both alloys’ MTT increases with increasing annealing temperature. The temperature hysteresis and hardness of Ni₅₉Al₁₁Mn₃₀ alloy are smaller than that of Ni₆₀Al₁₉Mn₁₆Fe₅ alloy. The MT behavior of Ni₆₀Al₁₉Mn₁₆Fe₅ is sensitive to aging temperature and its MTT and hysteresis decrease with increasing aging temperature. However, the MT behavior of Ni₅₉Al₁₁Mn₃₀ alloy is not sensitive to aging temperature. The MT stabilization effects appear in both alloys during thermal cycles. This stabilization effect vanishes from the second thermal cycle. The quenched microstructure of Ni₅₉Al₁₁Mn₃₀ and Ni₆₀Al₁₉Mn₁₆Fe₅ alloys is M plus gamma phase, in which the volume fraction of gamma phase is about 40 and 20%, respectively, and the microhardness of M is higher than that of gamma phase. No aging effects were found in both alloys after aging at 400 °C.     

Structure cristalline et proprietes physiques du spinelle Cu1−xTi2S4

The preparation, crystal structure and physical properties of normal spinel Cu_1−xTi₂S₄ are reported. A large range of compositions (0x0.44) has been observed. Single crystals have been obtained by chemical vapor transport reaction with iodine or chlorine pressure. The refinement of the structure (67 reflexions) corroborates the previous normal spinel structure and indicates for this crystal a composition of Cu_0.93Ti₂S₄. Electrical and magnetic properties have been measured for some single crystals. They are consistent with the metallic conductivity as shown by the proposed band structure model.     

Preparation and crystallization of Ti53Cu27Ni12Zr3Al7Si3B1 bulk metallic glass with wide supercooled liquid region

Ti-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloy with the composition of Ti₅₃Cu₂₇Ni₁₂Zr₃Al₇Si₃B₁ was prepared by copper molder casting method and ribbon sample was prepared by melt spinning to compare. The thermal instability of this glass phase was examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The results revealed that the supercooled liquid region (ΔT_x), glass transition temperature (T_g) and reduced glass transition temperature (T_g/T_m) of the glassy alloy are detected to be 69, 685 and 0.62 K, respectively. The crystallization behavior of the Ti-based glass phase was also investigated by annealing the glass phase at series temperatures above T_g. The annealed microstructures were examined by means of X-ray diffraction experiments. The crystallization process of the BMG can be characterized by metastable crystalline phases at the first crystallization step and further transition to stable crystalline phases at high temperature through metastable crystalline phase.     

Fatigue behaviors of the Cu47.5Zr47.5Al5 bulk-metallic glass (BMG) and Cu47.5Zr38Hf9.5Al5 BMG composite

Based on the Cu_47.5Zr_47.5Al₅ bulk-metallic glass (BMG), the Cu_47.5Zr₃₈Hf_9.5Al₅ BMG composite with a CuZr phase is fabricated successfully. The four-point-bend fatigue behaviors are investigated. The fatigue-endurance limit of the BMG composite is 378 MPa, based on the stress range (σ_r = σ_max − σ_min, where σ_max and σ_min are the applied maximum and minimum stresses, respectively). This value is much higher than that (224 MPa) of the BMG. The fatigue ratios (= the maximum stress range/yield strength corresponding to the fatigue cycles equal to 10⁷) of the BMG composite and the BMG are 0.23 and 0.12, respectively. The different fatigue-fracture surfaces of the BMG and BMG composite show somewhat different fracture mechanisms, which could be rationalized in terms of the effects of the second phase in the composite.     

Gd2Zr2O7陶瓷的高温热物理性能及Gd2Zr2O7-8YSZ双涂层制备

通过高温固相合成方法制备了烧绿石结构Gd₂Zr₂O₇陶瓷材料,研究了其高温相稳定性和热物理性能。采用电子束物理气相沉积方法制备了Gd₂Zr₂O₇-8YSZ(8%Y₂O₃-ZrO₂)双陶瓷层结构热障涂层,分析了涂层顶层的晶体结构和原子数量比。结果表明,Gd₂Zr₂O₇在室温至1500℃范围内具有良好的相稳定性,比第一代热障涂层8YSZ的高温相稳定区间提高250℃以上。Gd₂Zr₂O₇块材的热膨胀系数在100~1500℃范围内介于8.8×10^-6~11.0×10^-6 K^-1之间,与8YSZ接近; 在1000~1400℃高温区间,热导率约为1.0 W(m·K)^-1,比8YSZ降低一半左右。沉积制得的Gd₂Zr₂O₇涂层化学成分符合化学计量比,为烧绿石结构,涂层呈现典型的柱状晶结构。     

Ti-V基固溶体/AB5型镧镁基合金复合储氢材料的结构与电化学性能

两步电弧熔炼法制备Ti_0.10Zr_0.15V_0.35Cr_0.10Ni_0.30 + 5wt% La_0.85Mg_0.25Ni_4.5Co_0.35Al_0.15复合储氢合金, X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜-能谱(SEM-EDS)显示: 复合储氢合金的主相是体心立方结构的钒基固溶体相和六方结构的C14 Laves相, 复合过程中生成了第二相. 电化学研究表明: 复合过程中存在明显的协同效应; 在303 K时, 复合合金电极的实际最大放电容量为361.8 mAh/g; 在233 K时, 复合合金电极的低温放电能力(LTD)是母体合金电极的4.05倍. 与母体合金电极相比, 复合合金电极的高倍率放电性能(HRD)提高了26.87%, 电荷转移电阻(R_ct)减小了37.25 mΩ, 同时交换电流密度(I₀)增大了115.45 mA/g, 合金体内氢的扩散系数(D)增大了6.13×10^-10 cm²/s.     

Cu2S在脉冲电场下的超快速制备及其热电性能

Cu₂S是一种声子液体-电子晶体材料, 具有优良的热电性能, 但是传统的制备方法过程繁琐而且难以得到成分均匀、致密度高以及性能优良的块体材料。本研究引入了仅耗时30 s的强脉冲电场合成法来一步完成Cu₂S材料的合成与烧结。在强脉冲电场作用下Cu₂S的合成分为三步, 最初是形成了少量的CuS和Cu₂S, 接着生成了大部分Cu₂S与部分Cu_1.96S, 最终未完全反应的Cu_1.96S与Cu生成了完全单相的Cu₂S。本方法得到的Cu₂S块体是致密且均匀的单相, 并且包含丰富的多尺度微观结构。通过Cu缺失比可以使Cu_2-xS的性能得到优化, 其中Cu_1.97S能在873 K时获得最高的ZT(0.72), 相比于本征样品提升了49%。     

Microstructures in Advanced Materials Characterized by HREM and Nanoscale Analysis

Segregation of yttrium induces the formation of Y_0.25Zr_0.75O_2-x and Y_0.5Zr_0.5O_2-y microdomains, with L1₂- and L1₀-like ordered structures, in ZrO₂–6mol%Y₂O₃ ceramics in both the sintered and annealed states. The compositions of precipitates such as χ_L, χ_S, χ_SS, and small precipitates formed inside χ_L, in Cu–11.88Al–5.06Ni–1.63Mn–0.96Ti (wt.%) shape memory alloys have been determined. Under electron beam irradiation, four types of dynamic behavior of the G.P. zones were observed in the Al–6.58Zn–2.33Mg–2.40Cu (wt.%) alloy. The G.P. zone and “G.P. zone-like” defect structures were also distinguished. Lattice distortion profile in the GaAs/In_xGa_1-xAs superlattice and two-dimensional lattice distortion around a 60° dislocation core in the InAs_xP_1-x/InP superlattice were determined.     

Effect of aluminium content on the anodic behaviour of copper-aluminium alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution

Anodic behaviour of heterogeneous Cu-Al alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution has been investigated as a function of aluminium content by potentiodynamic polarization, cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic current transient experiments and compared to pure Cu and homogeneous Cu-Al alloys. The specimens were subjected to various anodic potentials and subsequent analyses by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) supplemented with energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). The pure Cu and single -phase Cu-Al alloys showed that a relatively thick protective CuCl film forms at active-passive transition potentials and transforms into CuO or Cu(OH)₂ at the passivation potential, resulting in high limiting current densities. However, the Cu-10 wt% Al alloy is passivated to Al(OH)₃, impeding the transformation of the thick CuCl layer which contains AlCl or Al(OH)₂Cl salt into CuO or Cu(OH)₂. At high applied anodic potential, the Cu₂(OH)₃Cl phase forms on the deteriorated passive film Al(OH)₃.     

Dielectric Properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3-La(B0.5Ti0.5)O3 (B=Mg, Zn) Ceramics

Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-La(B_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ (B = Mg, Zn) ceramics were prepared by a solid-state reaction method, and their microwave dielectric characteristics and tunability were investigated. The ferroelectric-dielectric solid solutions with cubic perovskite structures were obtained for compositions of 10 to 60 mol% La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ and 10 to 50 mol% La(Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃. With the increase of linear oxide dielectric content, the dielectric constant and tunability were decreased and Qf was increased. Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ has better dielectric properties than Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-La(Zn_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃. 0.9Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-0.1La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ has a dielectric constant ε = 338.2, Qf = 979 GHz and a tunability of was 3.7% at 100 kHz under 1.67 kV/mm. The Qf value of 0.5Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃- 0.5La(Mg_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃ reached 9367 GHz, but the tunable properties were lost.     

Effect on microstructure and plastic deformation behavior of a Zr-based amorphous alloy by cooling rate control

In this study,Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 amorphous alloys samples with the same diameter(8 mm)were prepared by using self-designed molds(viz.refractory steel,pure graphite,and copper molds)with dif-ferent cooling capacities.Moreover,by eliminating the size effect,the effect of the cooling rate on the microstructure and compression deformation behavior of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 amorphous alloys was investigated.Differentiation of the cooling curves revealed that the instantaneous cooling rates of the alloy melt at the glass transition temperature(Tg)are 45,52,and 64K·s-1 for refractory steel,pure graphite,and copper molds,respectively.X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry,and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that with the decrease in the cooling rate,trace icosahedral-like atomic clusters and nanocrystals appear in local areas of the amorphous alloy and that the amount of free volume decreases with the increase in the amount of icosahedra-like atomic clusters and nanocrystals.Compression test results revealed that the elastic strain,yield strength,and compressive strength of the amorphous alloy marginally change with the decrease in the cooling rate,while the plastic strain gradually increases.By fitting,the effective size of the vein-like pattern was lin-early related to the enthalpy released during structural relaxation and plastic strain,indicating that at a low cooling rate,the trace nanocrystals in the amorphous alloy could not effectively improve its plasticity and that the amount of free volume mainly affects its plasticity.