无线光外差检测系统影响因素及关键技术研究

光外差检测能提高无线激光通信系统的光电检测灵敏度,可以增大通信距离,并且能够采用多种调制方式。提出了一种基于副载波调制的无线光外差检测系统,重点对大气信道对外差系统的影响因素进行了分析。着重研究了偏振状态和波前修正联合控制、载波恢复、同态滤波等关键技术,以克服大气散射和大气湍流对外差检测系统的影响。最后介绍了无线光外差检测的实验系统,为无线激光通信外差检测技术提供理论依据和实验基础。     

新型光接收系统架构：应用于超大容量低成本的短距光互连

大规模数据中心等新兴网络基础设施的部署急需超大容量低成本的短距光互连系统。传统的直调直检系统拥有简单的接收机结构,但只能检测信号的强度信息,这限制了其系统容量的进一步扩展。经典的相干传输系统能够调制解调高阶信号进而实现大容量传输,但收/发端都需要昂贵的窄线宽激光器和高复杂度的数字信号处理,这阻碍了其在短距光互连中的广泛应用。新型的直接检测光接收系统旨在结合直接检测和相干检测两者的优点,弥补二者之间的研究空白。因此,新型的光接收系统架构主要基于自相干检测。介绍了新型单偏振、双偏振、少模光接收系统架构。该类新型的光接收系统不需要本振激光器且能通过直接检测恢复光场信号,实现超大容量低成本的短距光互连。     

垂直双抽运结构PM-OFDM信号对全光波长变换系统的影响

对垂直双抽运结构的偏振复用信号在半导体光放大器(SOA)中的全光波长变换(AOWC)进行了研究。理论分析了激光器线宽对此系统性能的影响,仿真研究了偏振复用-正交频分复用(PM-OFDM)信号在此系统中传输的性能。仿真结果显示,当系统的光信噪比为10dB时,10Gbit/s的PM-OFDM信号经过SOA中的四波混频效应后,在接收端能够实现无串扰偏振不敏感PM信号的接收,其中x和y方向对应的系统误码率分别为1.16×10-4和1.06×10-5。仿真结果表明激光器线宽,OFDM信号的子载波个数,信道功率,以及OFDM调制格式均与系统波长转换效率有关,且仿真结果与理论推导结果一致。     

CO2激光脉冲外差信号偏振匹配研究

设计一个CO2激光脉冲外差中的脉冲信号光和连续本振光偏振匹配研究实验，从理论和实验上，分析了偏振态匹配程度对脉冲外差信号的影响，当两束光严重失配时，不仅降低脉冲外差效率，而且还将导致激光脉冲畸变，产生很强的连续波外差背景噪声，抑制脉宽内外差信号。     

应用于光纤无线电系统的一种改进的光外差技术

在光纤无线电技术中,通过光外差产生毫米波具有结构简单、成本低的特点,但中心站一般需要使用相干光源.文章提出了一种改进的光外差法,系统分析和仿真试验表明,该方法不仅可以避免使用相干光源,而且中心站和无线终端都无需配备毫米波本振.同时中心站采用单边带的信号调制,还可以有效降低光纤色散引起的毫米波信号的衰落.     

一种新颖的自反馈光注入单频窄线宽光纤激光器

报道一种基于自反馈光注入的单频窄线宽光纤激光器。激光器采用线形腔结构,用高掺杂Er3+光纤作为增益介质,利用输出信号光分束反馈与腔内振荡激光干涉,形成折射率光栅与增益光栅共同作用选择纵模,获得稳定的1 549.85 nm单频窄线宽激光输出。在975 nm单模激光二极管(LD)抽运下,激光器的抽运阈值光功率为13 mW。当抽运光功率为112 mW时,最大输出信号光功率为30.6 mW,对应的光-光转换效率为27.3%,斜率效率为30.2%,信噪比大于50 dB。采用延时自外差方法测量线宽,当使用30 km单模光纤延迟线时,测量得到激光器的3 dB线宽为4.0 kHz。     

用有限元法解析单一偏振波单模光纤的传输特性

一、前言单模光纤因其有非常宽的传输频带,可以期待作为一种主要方式而活跃于未来的光通信系统。为充分利用这一宽频带特性,可在接收端进行光外差法检波。实行光外差法时,信号光和本振光的偏振面最好一致。因此,在考虑长距离通信时,要求信号通过光纤作长距离传输后,出射端的偏振面也能保持稳定。除光外差法外,对于光纤和集成光路的耦合、激光器及陀螺仪来说,     

更有效的相干检测微波副载波光多路访问星形网络

本文提出一个新的多路复用微波副载波星形网络。该网络总共只使用两个激光器作为每个用户外差探测的信号和本振光源。每个激光器功率通过一个无源星形网络分配给位于不同地方的每个用户。该网络使用微波副载波复用和外差探测，每个用户使用一个Ｍａｃｈ－Ｚｅｈｎｄｅｒ相位调制器用微波副载波调制光信号。使用电调谐选择副载波信道。本文研究表明网络容量可以支持８０个用户。所有用户只分享二个激光器提供的光，可以大大减小网络的复杂性和成本，因此该网络很容易被用户所接受。     

光外差接收系统中的最佳本振功率

在光外差系统中,任意增大本振功率不一定能提高接收机的灵敏度。最佳本振功率除与本振源的噪声特性有关外,作者通过实验首次发现PIN光电二极管用于外差接收时,最佳本振功率还与其所加偏压的大小有关。本文给出了实验结果。     

近红外外差光谱温室气体柱浓度的探测方法

搭建了一套以1.57μm近红外半导体激光器作为本振光源的小型化被动式激光外差探测系统,并将其用于大气环境监测。为对该系统的性能进行评估,以窄线宽近红外外腔激光器岀射的光作为信号光,与本振光混频,得到系统的带宽为0.032 cm~(-1),最小可探测灵敏度为25 pW,为光电探测器暗电流噪声功率的1/68。利用该系统对大气CO_2太阳光谱信号进行测量,并反演了其中两条主要强吸收线所对应的体积分数,结果均约为396×10~(-6),误差为7.6×10~(-6),测量结果与实际整层大气中的CO_2柱浓度一致,验证了该系统的可行性。     

Polarization independent coherent optical receiver

This paper describes an optical heterodyne receiver for DPSK signals which can receive an optical signal having an arbitrary polarization state. This is achieved by splitting the received signal between two orthogonal polarization axes and processing the resulting two signals as in a conventional DPSK heterodyne receiver. The sum of the two demodulated signals provides a baseband signal independent of the polarization state of the received optical signal. When the receiver noise is dominated by the shot noise of the photodetectors, the receiver provides a BER of 10^-9for an average number of 22 photon/bit. In comparison, a conventional optical heterodyne receiver requires under the same noise condition 20 photon/bit to achieve the same BER for a received optical signal polarized along the polarization axis of the local optical signal.     

掺钕保偏光纤激光器腔内倍频实验研究

从双包层光纤激光器的速率方程和光传输方程出发,数值模拟得到泵浦功率20 W时最佳增益光纤长度。在此基础上,采用线型直腔结构,通过透镜耦合的方式,用808 nm半导体激光器对掺Nd3+熊猫型保偏双包层光纤进行端面泵浦,获得1060 nm连续偏振的基频光输出,其线宽小于5 nm,光-光转换效率达到50%;之后,采用腔内插入KTP晶体的方式对基频光进行倍频获得530 nm的绿光输出,其线宽小于3 nm,倍频效率达到20%。在20 W的入纤功率泵浦下,得到2 W的530 nm连续绿光输出。     

Frequency division multiplexed optical networks using heterodynedetection

The optical heterodyne process is described. Because the best attainable system gain (transmitter power divided by receiver sensitivity) is only about 50 dB for lightwave systems, as compared with values approaching 100 dB at radio frequencies, it is extremely important in building an optical network (such as a local area network, or LAN) to minimize excess tap losses. It is shown that a star coupler provides a nearly ideal means for interconnecting a multiterminal network. Three areas in which problems unique to optical systems have been discovered are discussed. Theses are transmitters for coherent optical systems, optical frequency determination and control, and polarization control and optical receivers. Experimental progress is briefly discussed     

采用MOPA结构的光学外差干涉激光器

为了满足激光干涉成像,尤其是傅里叶望远镜成像对差频稳定的高功率光学外差干涉模式的需要,提出基于主振功放（MOPA）结构的光学外差干涉激光器的概念,并通过实验验证可行性。从原理上指出现有产生光学外差干涉模式方法的局限性,同时给出基于MOPA结构的光学外差干涉激光器的主要优点。指出基于MOPA结构的激光器可能存在明显影响相干性和产生光频漂移等的限制并设计实验验证。结果表明:功率放大过程对相干性没有明显影响,经过单级功放仍能保持线宽小于0.1 GHz（根据实测相干长度计算线宽约30 MHz）,功放过程和倍频过程对光频漂移无影响,实测频漂小于10 Hz,与声光移频器的频率稳定性相吻合,故推知频漂完全由移频器引起。     

Receiver analysis for synchronous coherent optical fiber transmission systems

A receiver sensitivity expression applicable for both PSK homodyne and heterodyne optical fiber transmission systems is derived taking account of polarization misalignment, reduced modulation depth, preamplifier thermal noise, power coupling ratio of the fiber coupler, local oscillator excess intensity noise, and reference phase errors. From a comparison of recent studies on system performance degradation due to laser phase noise a generalized expression relating beat linewidth to phase error variance for pilot carrier and Costas phase-locked-loop receivers is defined.     

0.85μm近场相干探测的光学系统研究

通过对散斑场及扩展光源相干扰的分析，提出信号的非相干程度与散斑数有一对应关系。信号的这种非相干性对外差效率的减弱可以用散斑数对其产生的影响表示，即在本振场为单一模式情况下，外差信噪比与散斑散的１／２次方成反比关系。     

Modulation and demodulation techniques in optical heterodyne PSKtransmission systems

Modulation and demodulation techniques are described for an optical PSK heterodyne transmission system operating at 560 Mb/s and 1.2 Gb/s. Performance limitations affecting the receiver sensitivity in a 1.2-Gb/s DPSK system, such as laser phase noise, phase modulation depth, IF center frequency deviation, and local laser power, are studied. High receiver sensitivities for PSK systems were achieved. The applicability of the Mach-Zehnder modulator as a phase modulator for 1.2-Gb/s DPSK is also demonstrated. A 1.2-Gb/s DPSK transmission of over 100 km, using polarization diversity with novel polarization-insensitive automatic frequency control in an attempt to overcome signal fading caused by polarization fluctuation in the transmitting fiber, is also described. A receiver sensitivity of less than -42.8 dBm and varying within 1.4 dB for all states of polarization was achieved. A multichannel high-definition TV (HDTV) transmission experiment using a DPSK polarization-diversity tunable receiver is described     

Experimental linewidth-insensitive coherent analog optical link

We constructed an experimental linewidth-insensitive coherent analog optical link. The transmitter utilizes an external electro-optic amplitude modulator and a semiconductor laser. The receiver consists of a heterodyne front-end, a wideband filter, square law detector and narrowband lowpass filter. We performed experimental measurements and theoretical analyses of the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR), link gain and noise figure for both the coherent AM and the direct detection links; we investigated the dependencies of the foregoing parameters on the received optical signal power, laser linewidth, IF bandwidth, and the laser relative intensity noise (RIN). By selecting a wide enough bandpass filter, we made the coherent AM link insensitive to laser linewidth. The coherent AM link exhibits a higher SFDR than the corresponding direct detection link when the received optical signal power is less than 85 μW. The noise figure for the coherent link is greater than that for the direct detection link under all conditions investigated. For received optical signal powers greater than 4 μW, the link gain for the direct detection link is greater than that for the coherent AM link. The following are the link parameters that have been achieved for the coherent AM link investigated: SFDR=88 dB·Hz^2/3, link gain=-25 dB and noise figure=78 dB; this performance has been obtained with a received optical signal power of 85 μW, and a local oscillator power at the photodetector of 228 μW. The link performance can be further improved by auxiliary subsystems such as a balanced receiver and impedance matched transmitter and receiver ends; and/or by using better optical and electrical devices like higher power lasers, linearized optical modulators, low-noise and high gain RF amplifiers, and optical amplifiers,     

Influence of laser wavelength instability, polarization fading and phase fluctuation on local heterodyne detection wavelength scanning BOTDR

In this paper, the influence of laser wavelength instability, polarization fading and phase fluctuation on local heterodyne detection wavelength scanning Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (WS-BOTDR) is theoretically analyzed, and a local heterodyne detection WS-BOTDR system is built for experimental verification. The experimental results show that with the increase of sensing distance, the adverse effect of laser wavelength instability, polarization fading and phase fluctuation on local heterodyne detection WS-BOTDR is gradually aggravated, which will lead to the broadening and distortion of the wavelength power spectrum (WPS), resulting in large errors in demodulated Brillouin central wavelength (BCW) and temperature. The average temperature measurement errors at the positions of 1 km, 5 km, 9 km non-heating section and 9.45 km heating section are 1.76 °C, 3.42 °C, 3.89° C and 4.3 °C, respectively.