2机组厂用ECMS系统设备的应用及改造

针对丰润热电2＊300MW亚临界供热抽汽凝汽式发电机组把电气监控系统（ECS）纳入DCS的成功应用,介绍了以CSN-031E主控单元为基础,从硬件和软件两方面分析电气监控系统的实现过程及其在电厂电气监测控制中的实际应用。分析了ECS与DCS通信的实现方式介绍了应用Cybercontrol组态软件对ECS系统监视画面组态的实现,以期为更大容量单元机组实现电气进DCS控制和小机组实行DCS改造提供相关的范例和参考,09年投入运行后,运行中暴露的问题,以及对系统应进行相关升级及改造的必要性。     

发电厂电气监控系统分析

随着电气自动化水平的提升,对于电气监控系统的要求也越来越高,本文针对ECS发展过程中存在的问题以及它的前景作了一些探讨和分析。     

中海油建滔甲醇装置ECS系统浅析

中海油建滔600kt／a甲醇装置ECS系统是一套比较先进的系统,阐述了该系统的整体架构,介绍ECS系统在甲醇装置的作用,并探讨ECS系统的优势所在。     

中海油建滔60万吨甲醇装置ECS系统浅析

中海油建滔60万吨甲醇装置ECS系统是一套比较先进的系统。本文阐释了该系统的整体架构,介绍了ECS系统在甲醇装置的作用,并探讨了ECS系统的优势所在。     

DCS控制系统与第三方通讯在炼油领域的应用

以浙江中控ECS700 DCS过程控制系统为例,介绍了与TRICONTS3000控制系统、BENTLY3500振动位移状态监视系统、电气MCC控制系统、SIMENSS7PLC控制系统等三方设备通讯实现的硬件配置、接线方法、组态与参数设置方法、常见故障分析与解决办法。     

废气回收技术的开发与应用

宣钢焦化厂采用ECS系统将煤气净化产生的废气污染物集中收集引入煤气洗涤系统进行净化吸收处理,并对ECS系统的安全性进行技术改进,同时介绍了ECS系统的工艺流程调节原理和控制设计。ECS系统的引入解决了煤气净化产生废气污染的难题,取得了节能、减排的显著成效。     

甲醇装置ECS系统通信问题原因分析及对策

介绍中海石油建滔化工有限公司2套甲醇装置ECS后台系统遇到的通讯问题,提出解决ECS系统通讯中断的对策,归纳了一些解决通讯问题方法和建议。     

ANALYSIS OF CAUSES FOR COMMUNICATION PROBLEM OF ECS SYSTEM 1N METHANOL PLANT AND COUNTER-MEASURES

介绍中海石油建滔化工有限公司2套甲醇装置ECS后台系统遇到的通讯问题,提出解决ECS系统通讯中断的对策,归纳了一些解决通讯问题方法和建议。     

ECS在南碱电网系统中的应用

浅析了ECS智能配电装置能够在南碱公司得到发展的原因,对南碱电网系统的改造纳入ECS的应用及效果做了简单的分析。     

山东东华水泥二期5000t/d熟料生产线DCS系统的应用

山东东华水泥有限公司二期5000t/d熟料生产线自动控制系统采用了浙大中控的ECS100系统,实现对全厂所有设备的工艺操作和连锁控制。文章全面介绍了ECS100系统的组成和功能特点;同时分析介绍了该系统的生产控制实施情况。     

Densification during the formation of WC-based coating prepared by electric contact strengthening

In this study, the densification during the formation of WC-based coating prepared by electric contact strengthening (ECS) was investigated. Under increasing ECS process unit time, the surface and cross-sectional morphology, element distribution, hardness and phase composition of WC-based coating were detected. And the wear tests were conducted to test the coating performance. The results showed that, with the prolongation of ECS time, the coatings became denser while the porosity ratio decreased from 10.14% to 1.05%; The hardness of the coatings increased and the worn loss decreased continuously. It was found that, by the heating-pressing action of ECS, the WC-based powder geometry could maintain the original sphere shape, while the pores were filled gradually. The A4 coating showed the lowest wear rate. The densification mechanism was deduced that the intensified capillarity at the interface between the hard phase and binder phase due to the heating-pressing action, which showed forced infiltration and creeping behavior of the binding phase.     

Modulation of Endocannabinoid System Components in Depression: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Evidence

Depression is characterized by continuous low mood and loss of interest or pleasure in enjoyable activities. First-line medications for mood disorders mostly target the monoaminergic system; however, many patients do not find relief with these medications, and those who do suffer from negative side effects and a discouragingly low rate of remission. Studies suggest that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) may be involved in the etiology of depression and that targeting the ECS has the potential to alleviate depression. ECS components (such as receptors, endocannabinoid ligands, and degrading enzymes) are key neuromodulators in motivation and cognition as well as in the regulation of stress and emotions. Studies in depressed patients and in animal models for depression have reported deficits in ECS components, which is motivating researchers to identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers within the ECS. By understanding the effects of cannabinoids on ECS components in depression, we enhance our understanding of which brain targets they hit, what biological processes they alter, and eventually how to use this information to design better therapeutic options. In this article, we discuss the literature on the effects of cannabinoids on ECS components of specific depression-like behaviors and phenotypes in rodents and then describe the findings in depressed patients. A better understanding of the effects of cannabinoids on ECS components in depression may direct future research efforts to enhance diagnosis and treatment.     

Endogenous Cardiac Steroids in Bipolar Disorder: State of the Art

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric illness with a poor prognosis and problematic, suboptimal, treatments. Treatments, borne of an understanding of the pathoetiologic mechanisms, need to be developed in order to improve outcomes. Dysregulation of cationic homeostasis is the most reproducible aspect of BD pathophysiology. Correction of ionic balance is the universal mechanism of action of all mood stabilizing medications. Endogenous sodium pump modulators (collectively known as endogenous cardiac steroids, ECS) are steroids which are synthesized in and released from the adrenal gland and brain. These compounds, by activating or inhibiting Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity and activating intracellular signaling cascades, have numerous effects on cell survival, vascular tone homeostasis, inflammation, and neuronal activity. For the past twenty years we have addressed the hypothesis that the Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase-ECS system may be involved in the etiology of BD. This is a focused review that presents a comprehensive model pertaining to the role of ECS in the etiology of BD. We propose that alterations in ECS metabolism in the brain cause numerous biochemical changes that underlie brain dysfunction and mood symptoms. This is based on both animal models and translational human results. There are data that demonstrate that excess ECS induce abnormal mood and activity in animals, while a specific removal of ECS with antibodies normalizes mood. There are also data indicating that circulating levels of ECS are lower in manic individuals, and that patients with BD are unable to upregulate synthesis of ECS under conditions that increase their elaboration in non-psychiatric controls. There is strong evidence for the involvement of ion dysregulation and ECS function in bipolar illness. Additional research is required to fully characterize these abnormalities and define future clinical directions.     

The Immune Endocannabinoid System of the Tumor Microenvironment

Leukocytes are part of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are critical determinants of tumor progression. Because of the immunoregulatory properties of cannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system (ECS) may have an important role in shaping the TME. Members of the ECS, an entity that consists of cannabinoid receptors, endocannabinoids and their synthesizing/degrading enzymes, have been associated with both tumor growth and rejection. Immune cells express cannabinoid receptors and produce endocannabinoids, thereby forming an “immune endocannabinoid system”. Although in vitro effects of exogenous cannabinoids on immune cells are well described, the role of the ECS in the TME, and hence in tumor development and immunotherapy, is still elusive. This review/opinion discusses the possibility that the “immune endocannabinoid system” can fundamentally influence tumor progression. The widespread influence of cannabinoids on immune cell functions makes the members of the ECS an interesting target that could support immunotherapy.     

Functional Fine-Tuning of Metabolic Pathways by the Endocannabinoid System—Implications for Health and Disease

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) employs a huge network of molecules (receptors, ligands, and enzymatic machinery molecules) whose interactions with other cellular networks have still not been fully elucidated. Endogenous cannabinoids are molecules with the primary function of control of multiple metabolic pathways. Maintenance of tissue and cellular homeostasis by functional fine-tuning of essential metabolic pathways is one of the key characteristics of the ECS. It is implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological states and an attractive pharmacological target yet to reach its full potential. This review will focus on the involvement of ECS in glucose and lipid metabolism, food intake regulation, immune homeostasis, respiratory health, inflammation, cancer and other physiological and pathological states will be substantiated using freely available data from open-access databases, experimental data and literature review. Future directions should envision capturing its diversity and exploiting pharmacological options beyond the classical ECS suspects (exogenous cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptor monomers) as signaling through cannabinoid receptor heteromers offers new possibilities for different biochemical outcomes in the cell.     

声电催化氧化降解有机污染物的基础研究

采用自制的声电联用装置（UECOS）,选择了苯酚,十二烷基碘酸钠（DBS）和邻苯二甲酸氢钾三种有机物为对象,研究了UECOS技术去除有机污染物的机理主要是基于在电催化过程中生成H2O2并迅速产生.OH羟基自由基对水中有机物的强氧化作用,用声电联用技术（UECOS）处理有机污染物比单独的ECS法去除率提高了10％－20％,根据IR,UV,GC－MS和TOC的分析结果表明,有机反应物道先被氧化成小分子有机碳片,最终可被矿化为CO2和H2O,研究中用自旋捕集ESR法测出了在UECOS处理废水过程中不断产生的活性物种．OH。