Finite element analysis considering fracture strain of sheath material and die lubricant in extrusion process of Al/Cu clad composites and its experimental investigation

Clad composite materials consist of stacks of different materials. During the extrusion process of clad composites, fracture of the sheath or core materials frequently occurs because of the discontinuity of deformation caused due to the differences in the flow stress of the sheath material and core material. In order to predict fracture of the sheath material with oxygen-free high conductivity copper, the theory of ductile fracture has been applied. The effect of lubrication behavior on fracture of core material has been investigated. A technique to predict the fracture strain rate has been proposed. The calculated interface bonding force between the core material and the sheath material has been used to assist in die design for the indirect and direct extrusion processes.     

氧化铝增强铝基复合材料液态成型中的界面反应

分析了陶瓷纤维或颗粒增强铝基复合材料中出现的主要界面反应产物即MgAl2O4的形成规律、形成条件及对材料的作用,并提出了抑制该反应的途径及方法。     

多股螺旋弹簧三维接触摩擦研究

通过对多股螺旋弹簧在成形加载情况下的接触面上的状态分布进行深入分析,综合前人的研究,提出新型多股螺旋弹簧接触面模型,即包括空隙带、弹性带、摩擦带三种情形的分布模型.接着对这三种分布带的边界条件和接触判定条件在法向-双切线坐标系进行理论量化分析.     

Hashin准则的应力应变形式在复合材料渐进损伤计算中的对比

Hashin准则在复合材料渐进损伤分析中得到广泛应用,它的原始形式用应力表达,而在渐进损伤实际计算中用到了应变形式。推导了这两种形式下渐进损伤计算中需要的复合材料非线性本构关系及对应的切线刚度矩阵,对比分析了它们之间的不等价性。将这两种Hashin准则形式与不同损伤演化模型相结合,应用于开孔板的渐进损伤数值模拟,并与试验数据相对比。将Linde损伤演化模型分别与Hashin准则变形式和应力形式组合,前者的计算结果与试验值符合更好;将Sleight损伤演化模型与Hashin准则应力形式相结合,选取不同的衰减控制参数进行数值模拟,控制参数取0.8时比取其他值与试验结果符合更好。理论推导和数值模拟结果对复合材料渐进损伤实际应用中合理选取损伤准则形式和损伤演化模型有指导意义。     

An analytical model for the prediction of temperature distribution and evolution in hybrid laser-waterjet micro-machining

A hybrid laser-waterjet micro-machining technology was developed for near damage-free micro-ablation recently. It uses a new material removal concept where the laser-softened material is expelled by a pressurised waterjet. The temperature field in this hybrid machining process is an essential quantity for understanding the underlying material removal mechanism and optimizing the process conditions. This study presents a three-dimensional (3-D) analytical model for the temperature field in this hybrid laser-waterjet micro-machining process. The interaction among the laser, waterjet, and workpiece is considered in the model. The absorption of laser by water, the formation of laser-induced plasma in water, the bubble formation and the laser refraction at the air-water interface are discussed. DuHamel’s principle is used to determine a closed-form temperature equation and a solution in a variable separation form is obtained. A calculation for silicon carbide is conducted. The results are illustrated by a group of 3-D temperature profiles intuitively and visually. It is shown that the temperatures are below the melting point during the process due to the cooling action of waterjet. The almost damage-free micro-machining can be achieved. Besides, the maximum temperature increases with the increased average laser power and waterjet offset distance and decreased nozzle exit diameter where the average laser power takes a major action.     

Mathematical model and experiment validation of fluid torque by shear stress under influence of fluid temperature in hydro-viscous clutch

The current design of hydro-viscous clutch（HVC） in tracked vehicle fan transmission mainly focuses on high-speed and high power. However, the fluid torque under the influence of fluid temperature can not be predicted accurately by conventional mathematical model or experimental research. In order to validate the fluid torque of HVC by taking the viscosity-temperature characteristic of fluid into account, the test rig is designed. The outlet oil temperature is measured and fitted with different rotation speed, oil film thickness, oil flow rate, and inlet oil temperature. Meanwhile, the film torque can be obtained. Based on Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation, the mathematical model of fluid torque is proposed in cylindrical coordinate. Iterative method is employed to solve the equations. The radial and tangential speed distribution, radial pressure distribution and theoretical flow rate are determined and analyzed. The models of equivalent radius and fluid torque of friction pairs are introduced. The experimental and theoretical results indicate that tangential speed distribution is mainly determined by the relative rotating speed between the friction plate and the separator disc. However, the radial speed distribution and pressure distribution are dominated by pressure difference at the lower rotating speed. The oil film fills the clearance and the film torque increases with increasing rotating speed. However, when the speed reaches a certain value, the centrifugal force will play an important role on the fluid distribution. The pressure is negative at the outer radius when inlet flow rate is less than theoretical flow, so the film starts to shrink which decreases the film torque sharply. The theoretical fluid torque has good agreement with the experimental data. This research proposes a new fluid torque mathematical model which may predict the film torque under the influence of temperature more accurately.