三烷基胺与二（2-乙基己基）磷酸协同萃取对氨基苯酚

引　言随着现代工业的发展及环境保护标准的严格实施 ,对极性有机物稀溶液的分离和工业废水的治理提出了更高的要求 ,而萃取技术在该领域已进行了较为广泛的研究 ,并进行了工业应用 .由于废水体系的复杂性 ,尤其是含多官能团的极性有机物废水 ,在采用萃取方法进行废水预处理时强化萃取能力是十分必要的 .自 195 6年Blake[1] 提出协同萃取以来 ,由于它兼具物理萃取和化学萃取的优点 ,具有更高的选择性和高效性 ,已成功地用于金属的萃取分离中 .协同萃取用于极性有机物稀溶液的分离多见于物理萃取 ,例如乙酸丁酯与苯乙酮协萃苯酚[2 ] 、乙酸…     

二（2-乙基已基）磷酸萃取氨基苯甲酸的平衡特性

A series of extraction equilibrium experiments for aminobenzoic acid with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) dissolved in n-octane or 1-octanol was carried out. The effects of aminobenzoic acid concentration,D2EHPA concentration and pH on the distribution ratio were discussed in detail. The infrared spectra of the organic phase loaded with solute illustrated that pH had little effect on the structure of the complex formed. There proceed ion association and cation-exchange.reaction in the extraction. An expression of the equilibrium distribution was proposed.     

三烷基氧膦与二(2-乙基己基)磷酸协萃对氨基苯酚的研究和应用

为考察复合萃取剂萃取两性官能团溶质的协萃机理,以对氨基苯酚(PAP)为分离溶质,三烷基氧膦(TRPO)+二(2 乙基己基)磷酸(D2EHPA)+庚烷为萃取剂进行了萃取平衡特性的研究。结果表明,该萃取剂萃取PAP时,具有明显的协萃效应。协萃机理为TRPO与PAP的中性分子以及D2EPHPA与PAP的中性分子和阳离子反应生成(HP)2·NH2—C6H4—OH·TRPO或者P·NH3—C6H4—OH·TRPO萃合物;萃取剂中D2EHPA与TRPO的适宜协萃比为1∶3;pH是影响萃取能力的关键因素,起始pH值条件下PAP分子形态摩尔分数较大的pH值区域(6—8),分配系数出现极大值;采用适宜的萃取剂组成对PAP的工业生产废水进行处理,可有效去除废水中的PAP和苯胺。     

二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸萃取钴(Ⅱ)的微量量热法研究

用微量量热法研究了二 - ( 2 -乙基己基 )磷酸在正己烷中对钴 (Ⅱ )的萃取 ,得到了热功率—时间曲线 ,确定了 30 8K时此萃取过程的热效应 ,从而求出了不同温度下的有关热力学函数。     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸萃取L-色氨酸

以二 (2 -乙基己基 )磷酸 (D2EHPA) -正辛烷 (体系A)及D2EHPA -正辛醇 +正辛烷 (体系B)萃取L -色氨酸为对象 ,研究了D2EHPA浓度、L -色氨酸初始浓度、稀释剂组成以及pH值对萃取平衡分配系数的影响 .结果表明 ,在实验研究涉及的pH值 (1.0     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸萃取氨基苯甲酸的相平衡分配系数

络合萃取法分离极性有机物稀溶液具有高效性和高选择性,本文以二（２－乙基已基）磷酸（Ｄ２ＥＨＰＡ）为络合剂;正辛烷或正辛醇为稀释剂,在不同的ＰＨ值条件下实验测定了氨基苯甲酸稀溶液的萃取相分配系数,讨论了影响因素,分析了萃合物的组成。提出了平衡分配系数的关系式。     

磷酸二(2-乙基己基)酯的合成研究

研究了用2-乙基己醇和三氯氧磷反应合成磷酸二(2-乙基己基)酯的方法,考察了原料配比、不同催化剂、反应温度、反应时间各因素对酯化反应的影响以及合理的后处理方法。     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠离子交换萃取氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐的研究

氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐极性大,传统物理萃取方法分离效果不理想,今采用离子交换萃取方法用二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠萃取氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐溶液。测定了氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐初始浓度、萃取温度、萃取剂初始浓度、以及pH值对分配系数的影响。结果表明,在其他实验条件相同的情况下,分配系数随温度变化不明显,随二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠初始浓度增加而增大,随氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐初始浓度增加而减少,随pH值增加先增大后减小;氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐低浓度下的分配系数远大于其高浓度下的分配系数;为获得最佳萃取效果,萃取平衡体系要尽量接近中性。建立了分配系数模型,并讨论了四种特殊情况下的分配系数表达式。研究结果为工业用离子交换萃取法分离氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐提供了一定的技术依据。     

2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯萃取钯(Ⅱ)的热力学研究

本文研究了2-乙基已基磷酸单（2-乙基已基）酯（P507）萃取钯（Ⅱ）的热力学过程．通过考察P507浓度对Pd（Ⅱ）分配比的影响，调出了萃取反应的表观平衡常数k、焓变△H、自由能变△G和熵变△S．     

Synergistic extraction and separation of Fe(III) and Zn(II) using TBP and D2EHPA

Waste chloride pickle liquors from hot-dip galvanizing plants, steel plants and flue dust contain reasonable amounts of heavy metals such as Zn, Cr, Ni, etc. Iron is invariably associated with most of these materials and comes into solution during leaching. Thus, the synergistic extraction of zinc(II) and iron(III) from leach solutions in tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)–di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) system diluted in kerosene was investigated. The Zn and Fe concentrations in the leach liquor used in the present study were 2 g/L. Experiments were carried out in the pH range of 0.5–4.0, temperature of 25°C, using sole D2EHPA, sole TBP and D2EHPA–TBP mixtures at different ratios. Results showed that the co-extraction of zinc(II) and iron(III) increased with increasing equilibrium pH using D2EHPA. It is demonstrated that the mixtures of TBP and D2EHPA are more efficient and selective than D2EHPA alone. At low pH values, the separation factor is low when pure D2EHPA is used as an extractant; however, using TBP as a synergist, the separation factor increases and results in a better separation of zinc from iron. Increasing TBP to D2EHPA ratios in the organic phase caused a slight shift to the right in the extraction isotherm of iron and a marked shift to the right in the extraction isotherm of zinc, and the maximum separation factor of 13.3 × 10³ was achieved at a TBP to D2EHPA volume ratio of 4:1 (0.58 M TBP: 0.12 M D2EHPA). Furthermore, the effect of equilibrium pH, organic to aqueous phase ratio and Cl^? concentration on the selective extraction was investigated. Using two extraction stages at the O/A ratio of 2:1 and pH_e (equilibrium pH) of 3 and 1 for zinc and iron, respectively, 99% of zinc(II) and 96.25% of iron(III) were extracted.     

非离子表面活性剂TX114浊点萃取D2EHPA的规律

引言浊点萃取[1-2]是利用表面活性剂水溶液的增溶和分相行为实现溶质富集的分离技术。由于分相后表面活性剂的富集相(亦称凝聚相)与水相的体积比非常小(0.007～0.04)[3],所以,对于被增溶的物质能够提供非常高的富集倍数和萃取效率。目前浊点萃取技术主要广泛应用于痕量有害物质     

Synergistic Effect of D2EHPA and Cyanex 272 on Separation of Zinc and Manganese by Solvent Extraction

The effect of bis-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid (D2EHPA), bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272), and tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) and their mixtures in various proportions for the separation and extraction of zinc and manganese from sulfate solutions were investigated. Experiments were carried out in the pH range of 0.5–5.0 at 25, 40, and 60°C. It was shown that the extraction of zinc and manganese by D2EHPA and/or Cyanex 272 can be increased by the increase in pH and temperature. The synergistic extraction and separation of zinc and manganese with a mixture of D2EHPA and Cyanex 272 was studied and the results showed that mixing the two extractants improved the extraction capacity of the mixture. Increasing the D2EHPA to Cyanex 272 ratio in the organic phase, caused a right shifting of extraction isotherms of manganese and zinc; shifting the manganese curve was more than zinc. The manganese curve had considerable right shifting with 5% D2EHPA and 15% Cyanex 272. TBP did not affect the zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) extraction. The stoichiometric coefficients of Zn and Mn were determined with 20% and 5% D2EHPA and 15% Cyanex 272 by applying the slope analysis method. The organic phase was stripped by sulfuric acid.     

沉淀聚合法制备对氨基苯甲酸印迹聚合物及其表征

以对氨基苯甲酸为模板分子,采用沉淀聚合法制备了分子印迹聚合物微球,优化了聚合反应条件,静态平衡吸附实验结果表明,该微球对模板分子存在一种均匀的结合位点,最大表观结合量为49.298μmol/g。应用此微球制备的色谱填充柱能够分离对氨基苯甲酸及其位置异构体邻氨基苯甲酸,分离度为1.42。     

Solvent extraction reaction of hafnium(IV) from strong sulfuric acid solutions with D2EHPA and PC 88A

Hafnium can be selectively extracted over zirconium from strong sulfuric acid solutions by D2EHPA or PC 88A. Solvent extraction experiments have been performed to identify the reaction of Hf from strong sulfuric acid solutions (1 to 7 M) by these two extractants. Hafnium extraction was gradually decreased and then increased again with the increase of sulfuric acid concentration. By applying a slope method, the extracted Hf species was proposed to be HfA₄·(HA)₂ by D2EHPA and Hf(HSO₄)₂A₂·(HA)₂ by PC 88A, respectively. This difference in the nature of the extracted species was verified by FT-IR spectra.     

Extraction equilibria and separation of phenylalanine and aspartic acid from water with di(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid

The distribution equilibria of single and binary L ‐phenylalanine and L ‐aspartic acid between water and a kerosene solution of di(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) were studied. It was shown that the distribution ratios of phenylalanine generally increased with increasing aqueous pH (2–5) in the D2EHPA concentration range 0.1–0.5 mol dm^?3, but those of aspartic acid decreased with increasing solution pH. Different reaction stoichiometries were proposed for the extraction of phenylalanine and aspartic acid under the conditions studied. The extraction equilibrium constants were obtained. Competitive extraction in binary systems was more apparent in the pH range where the cationic form of amino acids was not predominant. The present results indicated that selective separation of phenylalanine to aspartic acid was possible with this cationic extractant when they were extracted at higher pH and stripped using higher acidity of HCl solution. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

Extraction and Stripping Behavior of Iron (III) from Phosphoric Acid Medium by D2EHPA Alone and Its Mixtures with TBP/TOPO

In the present study an attempt has been made to understand the extraction and stripping behavior of iron (III) with D2EHPA alone and its mixture with TBP or TOPO in phosphoric acid medium. Effect of variables such as concentrations of iron (III), phosphoric acid, and phosphate in the aqueous phase, D2EHPA, TBP, and TOPO concentrations in the organic phase and temperature on the extraction process has been studied. The extraction of iron (III) decreased with increase in phosphoric acid concentration. The increase in D2EHPA concentration increased the extraction of iron (III). The presence of TOPO or TBP with D2EHPA showed antagonism. The increase in temperature decreased the extraction of iron (III) with D2EHPA alone and its mixture with either TOPO or TBP showing the exothermic nature of the extraction reaction. The stripping of iron (III) by various reagents followed the order: oxalic acid > phosphoric acid > hydrochloric acid > sulphuric acid > mixture of sulphuric and hydrofluoric acids > ascorbic acid > citric acid irrespective of extraction systems. Higher temperature favors the stripping. The effect of diluents on iron (III) extraction has also been studied. The mechanism of extraction has been explained in the light of the results obtained.     

乳液液膜法对水中对氨基苯甲酸分离富集的研究

用以磷酸三丁脂(TBP)为流动载体的乳液液膜体系对水中的对氨基苯甲酸(PABA)的分离富集进行了研究,考察了影响液膜分离富集PABA的各种因素,同时对PABA在不同pH值水溶液中的存在形态、PABA在液膜分离富集中的传质机理等进行了分析讨论。结果表明在适宜的乳液液膜操作条件下,对含有500mg/L对氨基苯甲酸的料液,经过一级液膜提取分离,对氨基苯甲酸的提取率可达99%,提取分离效果良好。