共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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采用傅立叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和热重分析仪对交联改性制备的吸湿发热聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维的吸放湿性能进行表征,与普通PAN纤维及进口吸湿发热PAN纤维进行对比。结果表明:交联改性制备的吸湿发热PAN纤维红外光谱出现了较强的羟基峰和羧酸盐的伸缩振动峰,相比普通PAN纤维,表面沟槽加深、粗糙度增加,在100℃内失重率达17.17%,热分解温度提高近70℃,结晶度大幅下降,力学性能降低;交联改性PAN纤维的吸放湿性能较普通PAN纤维大幅度提高,并高于进口吸湿发热PAN纤维,其平衡回潮率约30%,吸湿积分热达155 J/g。 相似文献
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李媛 《合成材料老化与应用》2023,(1):135-137
竹纤维在我国有着资源广阔、绿色环保的巨大优势。目前在纺织上广泛应用的是竹浆纤维,本文分析比较竹浆纤维与竹原纤维的性能,以“邦博”牌竹浆纤维进行纱线开发,探讨15.5tex纯竹浆纤维纺纱工艺,通过实践表明,竹浆纤维必须进行预处理,生产现场相对湿度控制在64%~70%。为了减少纤维的转移、损伤,在梳棉工序中配置合适的针布规格、各分梳元件速度和隔距合适、胶辊涂料和硬度能否匹配,在并条工序和细纱生产过程中起关键的作用。 相似文献
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竹纤维加工利用中存在的问题及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
竹原纤维和竹浆纤维具有许多优异的性能,但也存在一些不足。从原料加工、纺织、染整、成品加工、检测等方面对竹纤维的加工利用的不足进行了论述,并提供了解决对策。 相似文献
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介绍了竹原纤维的形态结构和物理、化学性质,以及与棉纤维、木纤维的差异。论述了竹浆粘胶长丝生产过程中,竹浆粕制备、粘胶原液的生产、纺丝成形和后加工的工艺要点。 相似文献
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测试比较了聚酯短纤维、亲水性聚酯短纤维、脱脂棉纤维在不同温度下对气态水的吸湿与放湿性能,分析了纤维中亲水基团对吸湿速率的影响,以及烘干温度对纤维回潮率的影响。结果表明:在105℃条件下,亲水性聚酯短纤维中的水分不能完全脱除;随着烘干温度从105℃上升至125℃,亲水性聚酯短纤维以及脱脂棉纤维继续脱除水分,且水分释放变化率更明显;随着烘干温度从105℃升至125℃,聚酯短纤维的回潮率没有变化,保持在0.40%,而亲水性聚酯短纤维的回潮率从1.33%提高至1.43%;亲水性聚酯短纤维对气态水的吸湿与放湿性能明显强于聚酯短纤维。 相似文献
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以质量比50/50的云母纤维/竹浆纤维混纺纱为原料,设计开发了具有吸湿快干功能的平纹组织、小提花组织和透孔组织3种单层机织物,对这3种组织织物的基本性能和热、湿舒适性能进行了测试,分析了织物组织结构对机织物吸湿快干性能的影响。测试结果得出:这3种织物均具有吸湿快干的性能,其中透孔组织为吸湿快干性能最佳的织物组织。 相似文献
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Cu(II) complex bamboo pulp fabric (CBPF) was prepared by treating bamboo pulp fabric with the copper liquor. Washing fastness and the releases of Cu(II) were measured by the washing test. Antibacterial performance of CBPF against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated. The morphology of Cu(II) on the fiber surface was characterized with scanning electron microscope. FTIR spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry were used to detect the chemical bonding between Cu(II) and cellulose. X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and mechanical test were used to investigate the effect of Cu(II) on the crystallinity, thermal stability, and mechanical property of bamboo fabric. The results showed that Cu(II) ion was bonded to fiber surface, especially via forming metal complex with hydroxyl of cellulose, and the resultant complex CBPF demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity and good thermal stability. In comparison with those of the bamboo pulp fabric in the condition that mechanical properties have no significant change, the crystallinity was decreased from 44.8% to 40.5% after treatment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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以竹浆粕为原料、N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)为溶剂,利用傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重分析等着重研究了竹纤维素在NMMO中溶解前后结构的变化。研究发现:NMMO溶解纤维素过程属于物理过程,未发生衍生化反应,竹纤维素溶解后聚合度较溶解前有所降低,晶型由纤维素Ⅰ变成了纤维素Ⅱ;热重分析表明纤维素再生前后都具有较好的热稳定性。 相似文献
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壳层组分对芯壳结构竹塑复合材料热解特性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)/竹屑作为芯层材料,PE-HD、PE-HD/竹浆纤维、PE-HD/纳米碳酸钙、PE-HD/白泥分别作为壳层材料,熔融共挤制备了芯壳结构竹塑复合材料,讨论了不同升温速率对芯壳结构竹塑复合材料热解行为的影响,并引入Coats和Redferm模型和Flynn-Wall-Ozawa模型量化了芯壳结构竹塑复合材料的表观活化能。结果表明,壳层中加入白泥和纳米碳酸钙可以改善芯壳结构竹塑复合材料的热稳定性,加入竹浆纤维对其热稳定性略有影响;在壳层中分别添加10 %的竹浆纤维、纳米碳酸钙和白泥后,芯壳结构竹塑复合材料的表观活化能变化不显著。 相似文献
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几种天然纤维素纤维的物理结构研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对竹纤维等几种天然纤维素纤维的物理结构进行了系统的比较研究。实验结果表明:竹纤维聚合度远高于粘胶、稍低于苎麻;结晶度高、取向度高,属于大分子排列整齐、紧密型超分子结构,接近于苎麻纤维;在形态结构上,横截面为腰圆形,有中腔,壁上有裂纹,截面有孔隙,TEM结果表明,次生层为单层次结构,与苎麻相仿。总之,竹纤维从微观的大分子链结构到聚集态结构,到宏观的纤维形态结构,各种物理指标特征均表明其与苎麻纤维有着非常的相似性。 相似文献
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In this article, ramie fiber reinforced phenolic (RFRP) plates were prepared with compression molding process, and the plates were subjected to 98% humidity environment and alternating temperatures (from 25°C to 55°C in 24 h for a cycle) for 4 weeks. The resulted moisture absorption and the variation of the mechanical properties of RFRPs were studied. As found, compared to constant exposure temperatures (25°C or 60°C), alternating temperatures brought in higher moisture uptake and more serious degradation in the flexural strength, flexural modulus and short beam shear strength of the RFRP samples under the same humidity condition. The deteriorated effects of alternating temperatures is attributed to more remarkable degradation of the bonding between the fiber and resin, due to the moisture uptake and the internal cyclic stress around the ramie fibers with alternating temperatures. The flexural modulus of RFRP plates was much more susceptible to the moisture uptake than the flexural strength. After fully drying, the mechanical properties of the RFRP samples were recovered to some extent, but still less than the original values, indicating permanent damages occurred. Fiber Bragg grating sensors embedded in the RFRP plate was applied to monitor the variation of the internal strain during the exposure. As indicated, the moisture absorption and alternating temperatures bring in relaxation of the internal tension stress formed during compressing process, and decrease in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the RFRP samples. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:1590–1596, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献