基于J2EE的分布式计算模型设计

随着计算机技术和网络技术的发展,实现分布式计算是Internet迅速发展的必然产物.本文设计了一个融合J2EE和中间件技术CORBA的分布式计算模型,实现分布式计算技术,较好地解决了异构环境中对象的互操作问题.     

Mobile agent middleware for mobile computing

Mobile computing requires an advanced infrastructure that integrates suitable support protocols, mechanisms, and tools. This mobility middleware should dynamically reallocate and trace mobile users and terminals and permit communication and coordination of mobile entities. In addition, open and untrusted environments must overcome system heterogeneity and grant the appropriate security level. Solutions to these issues require compliance with standards to interoperate with different systems and legacy components and a reliable security infrastructure based on standard cryptographic mechanisms and tools. Many proposals suggest using mobile agent technology middleware to address these issues. A mobile agent moves entities in execution together with code and achieved state, making it possible to upgrade distributed computing environments without suspending service. We propose three mobile computing services: user virtual environment (UVE), mobile virtual terminal (MVT), and virtual resource management (VRM). UVE provides users with a uniform view of their working environments independent of current locations and specific terminals. MVT extends traditional terminal mobility by preserving the terminal execution state for restoration at new locations, including active processes and subscribed services. VRM permits mobile users and terminals to maintain access to resources and services by automatically requalifying the bindings and moving specific resources or services to permit load balancing and replication     

MobiPADS: a reflective middleware for context-aware mobile computing

Traditionally, middleware technologies, such as CORBA, Java RMI, and Microsoft's DCOM, have provided a set of distributed computing services that essentially abstract the underlying network services to a monolithic "black box." In a mobile operating environment, the fundamental assumption of middleware abstracting a unified distributed service for all types of applications operating over a static network infrastructure is no longer valid. In particular, mobile applications are not able to leverage the benefits of adaptive computing to optimize its computation based on current contextual situations. In this paper, we introduce the Mobile Platform for Actively Deployable Service (MobiPADS) system. MobiPADS is designed to support context-aware processing by providing an executing platform to enable active service deployment and reconfiguration of the service composition in response to environments of varying contexts. Unlike most mobile middleware, MobiPADS supports dynamic adaptation at both the middleware and application layers to provide flexible configuration of resources to optimize the operations of mobile applications. Within the MobiPADS system, services (known as mobilets) are configured as chained service objects to provide augmented services to the underlying mobile applications so as to alleviate the adverse conditions of a wireless environment.     

Real-time finite element structural analysis in augmented reality

Conventional finite element analysis (FEA) is usually carried out in offsite and virtual environments, i.e., computer-generated graphics, which does not promote a user’s perception and interaction, and limits its applications. With the purpose of enhancing structural analysis with augmented reality (AR) technologies, the paper presents a system which integrates sensor measurement and real-time FEA simulation into an AR-based environment. By incorporating scientific visualization technologies, this system superimposes FEA results directly on real-world objects, and provides intuitive interfaces for enhanced data exploration. A wireless sensor network has been integrated into the system to acquire spatially distributed loads, and a method to register the sensors onsite has been developed. Real-time FEA methods are employed to generate fast solutions in response to load variations. As a case study, this system is applied to monitor the stresses of a step ladder under actual loading conditions. The relationships among accuracy, mesh resolution and frame rate are investigated.     

The Plan B OS for ubiquitous computing. Voice control, security, and terminals as case studies

The conventional approach to building pervasive environments relies on middleware to integrate different systems. Instead, we have built a system that can deal with these environments by exporting system resources through distributed virtual file systems. This requires no middleware, simplifies interoperation, and permits the application of general purpose tools to any system resource. A constraint-based file system import mechanism allows the system to adapt to changes in the environment and permits users to customize the environment and tailor adaptations according to their needs. The system has been in use for over a year to carry out our daily work and is underlying the smart space that we built for our department. The system, and some novel services, including ubiquitous voice interfaces, a distributed security architecture, and remote terminals for smart spaces, are also described in this paper.     

基于XML的分布式虚拟运行环境建模与实现

当前很多网络计算环境尚缺乏为多种应用提供隔离、定制的运行环境的能力,给网络计算环境的广泛应用带来障碍.而虚拟机技术的飞速发展,使得根据用户需求,按需构建隔离、定制的分布式虚拟运行环境成为可能.基于XML schema技术对分布式虚拟运行环境进行了建模和描述,阐述了分布式虚拟运行环境的运行支撑系统(ACOPE系统)的详细设计和原型实现.该系统能够通过对宿主资源和虚拟机资源的有效管理,根据分布式虚拟运行环境的XML描述文件,在网络计算环境中选取部分宿主资源并在其上创建或克隆满足相应配置需求的虚拟机,支持分布式虚拟运行环境的动态按需构建和使用.最后通过实验验证了ACOPE系统的有效性.     

Achieving middleware execution efficiency: hardware-assisted garbage collection operations

Although virtualization technologies bring many benefits to cloud computing environments, as the virtual machines provide more features, the middleware layer has become bloated, introducing a high overhead. Our ultimate goal is to provide hardware-assisted solutions to improve the middleware performance in cloud computing environments. As a starting point, in this paper, we design, implement, and evaluate specialized hardware instructions to accelerate GC operations. We select GC because it is a common component in virtual machine designs and it incurs high performance and energy consumption overheads. We performed a profiling study on various GC algorithms to identify the GC performance hotspots, which contribute to more than 50% of the total GC execution time. By moving these hotspot functions into hardware, we achieved an order of magnitude speedup and significant improvement on energy efficiency. In addition, the results of our performance estimation study indicate that the hardware-assisted GC instructions can reduce the GC execution time by half and lead to a 7% improvement on the overall execution time.     

分层网络结构在虚拟试验环境中的应用研究

针对虚拟试验分层系统中对可靠性的不同要求,为了解决异构网络的通讯问题,借鉴了虚拟共享内存特性,分别设计和实现了反射内存网中间件VMICVSM、以太网中间件EVSM和桥接网关;结合某飞行器系统的分布式仿真试验,给出了分层网络的设计方案,对两种中间件及网关的实时传递性能进行了测试,满足了应用中不同实时性的要求。     

中间件技术及其应用研究

中间件是一种独立的系统软件或服务程序，分布式应用软件借助这种软件在不同的技术之间共享资源，中间件位于客户机／服务器的操作系统之上，管理计算资源和网络通信。文中介绍了中间件的概念及分类，并给出了交易中间件Tuxeodo的一个简单应用，最后介绍了中间件的发展趋势。     

飞行器虚拟样机分布仿真实现

该文介绍了飞行器虚拟样机系统设计环境的基本构成 ,在此基础上 ,建立了分布式虚拟样机网络结构 ,研究了虚拟样机分布仿真模型的构造方法。对基于RTNET实时网络的共享内存中件设计进行了研究 ,并建立了分布中件设计中共享内存的分配和管理机制。对虚拟样机分布仿真策略进行了研究 ,建立了分布仿真运行机制。     

基于分层实时网络的复杂虚拟试验支撑环境

针对复杂虚拟试验分层实时系统中对实时性、可靠性的不同要求,为了解决异构网络的通讯问题,借鉴了虚拟共享内存特性,分别设计和实现了反射内存网中间件VMICVSM、以太网中间件EVSM和桥接网关;结合某导弹系统的分布式仿真试验,给出了分层实时网络的设计方案,对两种中间件及网关的实时传输性能进行了测试,满足了应用中不同实时性的要求。     

云计算虚拟化技术的发展与趋势

云计算是一种融合了多项计算机技术的以数据和处理能力为中心的密集型计算模式,其中以虚拟化、分布式数据存储、分布式并发编程模型、大规模数据管理和分布式资源管理技术最为关键。经过十多年的发展,云计算技术已经从发展培育期步入快速成长期,越来越多的企业已经开始使用云计算服务。与此同时,云计算的核心技术也在发生着巨大的变化,新一代的技术正在改进甚至取代前一代技术。容器虚拟化技术以其轻便、灵活和快速部署等特性对传统的基于虚拟机的虚拟化技术带来了颠覆性的挑战,正在改变着基础设施即服务（IaaS）平台和平台即服务（PaaS）平台的架构和实现。对容器虚拟化技术进行深入介绍,并通过分析和比较阐述容器虚拟化技术和虚拟机虚拟化技术各自的优势、适应场景和亟待解决的问题,然后对云计算虚拟化技术的下一步研究方向和发展趋势进行展望。     

一个基于Java虚拟机的分布式计算模型

针对单个JVM的性能缺陷问题,分析了实现分布式JVM的关键技术,提出了一个基于Spaces的分布式虚拟机集成模型,该模型将执行代码和数据分离,通过异步协作机制和动态装载类技术,将多个Java作业透明地调度到不同的JVM资源上并行执行,实现了单一系统映象。     

一种集成的可伸缩的网络安全系统

常用的网络安全技术有防火墙、VPN(virtual private network)和NAT(network address translation)等,它们的作用各异.但现有的一些网络安全系统未能将上述技术有机地加以结合,不能很好地兼顾系统执行效率,对系统内部缺乏细粒度的安全管理.针对上述问题,提出了一种集成的可伸缩的网络安全系统--NEUSec(NEUsoft security system),它在Linux环境下将包过滤防火墙、VPN和NAT技术有机地融合在一起,结合NAT和代理服务技术组成了可伸缩的虚拟代理服务器,提出了基于改进型Radix树的安全策略查找机制,采用RBAC(role-based access control)技术解决了系统内部安全管理的问题.与其他安全系统相比,NEUSec是一个较为全面的、可伸缩的、兼顾效率的网络安全系统,在实际应用中取得了较好的效果.     

联机事务处理中间件的设计与实现

中间件主要为解决分布计算环境中异构系统所引起的种种问题而设计。该文介绍了联机事务处理中间件的实现，特别讨论了，所用到的消息队列通信、数据依赖路由及负载平衡的实现及应用。     

WAVE:一个基于对象技术的广域虚拟计算中间件

WAVE是使用面向对象技术开发的基于校园网络的广域虚拟计算系统的中间件，它运行在现有主机操作系统和通用网络协议之上，WAVE通过多级层次对象模型建立，定位，管理、删除和迁移WAVE对象，中间件使用面向对象技术为用户提供友好的人机交互界面，统一的编程环境，可靠的通信协议和高效的任务调度算法，并提供与流行的并行编程软件如PVM和MPI的接口。通过WAVE，用户可以实现应用程序的高效调度和运行。     

Integrating Java 3D model and sensor data for remote monitoring and control

This paper presents a novel approach and a framework for web-based systems that can be used in distributed manufacturing environments. A prototype is developed to demonstrate its application to remote monitoring and control of a Tripod—one type of parallel kinematic machine. It utilizes the latest Java technologies (Java 3D and Java Servlets) as enabling technologies for system implementation. Instead of using a camera for monitoring, the Tripod is modeled using Java 3D with behavioral control nodes embedded. Once downloaded from its server, the 3D model behaves in the same way of its counterpart at client side. It remains alive by connecting with the Tripod through message passing, e.g., sensor signals and control commands transmissions. The goal of this research is to eliminate network traffic with Java 3D models, while still providing users with intuitive environments. In the near future, open-architecture devices will be web-ready having Java virtual machines embedded. This will make the approach more effective for web-based device monitoring and control.     

虚拟运行环境描述管理工具的研究和实现

针对分布式网络环境中虚拟运行环境的描述、部署和管理问题,设计和实现了一个图形化的虚拟运行环境的描述、部署和管理系统,该系统整合虚拟机技术,通过图形化的方式来描述目标虚拟运行环境的网络拓扑,配置和部署环境中的虚拟机,并提供了对其中虚拟机基本的管理和控制功能.具有通用性、高可扩展性和灵活性的特点.可用于网格以及其它分布式系统.     

平行视觉:基于ACP的智能视觉计算方法

在视觉计算研究中,对复杂环境的适应能力通常决定了算法能否实际应用,已经成为该领域的研究焦点之一.由人工社会（Artificial societies）、计算实验（Computational experiments）、平行执行（Parallel execution）构成的ACP理论在复杂系统建模与调控中发挥着重要作用.本文将ACP理论引入智能视觉计算领域,提出平行视觉的基本框架与关键技术.平行视觉利用人工场景来模拟和表示复杂挑战的实际场景,通过计算实验进行各种视觉模型的训练与评估,最后借助平行执行来在线优化视觉系统,实现对复杂环境的智能感知与理解.这一虚实互动的视觉计算方法结合了计算机图形学、虚拟现实、机器学习、知识自动化等技术,是视觉系统走向应用的有效途径和自然选择.     

信息物理融合系统

信息物理融合系统 (Cyber-physical system, CPS)是计算、通信和物理过程高度集成的系统,通过在物理设备中嵌入感知、通信和计算能力,实 现对外部环境的分布式感知、可靠数据传输、智能信息处理,并通过反馈机制实现对物理过程的实时控制. 分析了CPS的基本概念和特征,对CPS的体系架构、中间件系统、实时性、安全和隐私等关键技术的现有研究 成果进行综述,并提出了相应的研究思路;然后介绍了一些现有的CPS原型系统和实例,体现出CPS的优越性; 最后对CPS和传感器网络(Wireless sensor network, WSN)、物联网(The internet of things, IOT)、网络控制系统(Networked control systems, NCSs)进行了对比分析,总结了CPS现有研究中存在的问题,并展望了CPS的发展方向.