半导体阵列微剂量探测器前端读出电路设计

根据三维Si SOI PIN像素微剂量探测器特性参数,设计了一种基于GF chrt018IC CMOS工艺的前端读出电路。该读出电路主要包括PMOS输入的电荷灵敏前前置放大器,有源整形滤波电路,电压比较器及基准电流源等,可实现对微剂量信号的放大、滤波降噪、甄别输出等功能。仿真测试表明:能量探测范围为5~500 fC,单通道功耗约为2 mW,总噪声性能为0.05 f C+1.6×10~(-3)fC/pF。     

高分辨中子闪烁体探测器读出电子学研制

能量分辨中子成像谱仪是中国散裂中子源当前在建的谱仪之一,其衍射探测器90°分区采用6LiF/ZnS中子闪烁体探测器作为探测设备。为实现探测器高位置分辨,读出电子学系统采用了一种电容网络复合读出电路和电荷重心法相结合的实现方法,并研制了电子学样机。该样机由电容网络复合读出电路、前置放大板和数字读出板三部分组成,基本功能验证完成后,分别在实验室和中国散裂中子源的20号束线上进行了相关性能参数测试,测试结果显示：电子学的积分非线性≤0.95%,时间分辨约为12 ns;探测器位置分辨为1 mm、探测效率为65%@1.6?,均达到了工程设计指标。该样机的成功研制为能量分辨中子成像谱仪未来顺利开展谱仪实验提供了可靠的技术保障。     

CsI(Tl)闪烁探测器读出电路设计

介绍了配置于新型γ能谱仪的CsI(Tl)闪烁探测器的读出电路设计。输入缓冲级采用折叠嵌位电路,改善了系统频率特性并提高了输入阻抗;放大级采用自举电路,改善了系统动态性能并提高了开环增益;输出级采用电流源负载电路,改善了输出信号的线性度并增强了系统的稳定性。实验表明:读出电路噪声为51.08 f C+1.97 f C/p F,时间漂移为0.112%,探头对137Cs源γ射线的输出信号信噪比可达23:1,能量分辨率可达4.98%。     

用于新型塑料闪烁体阵列探测器的多通道前端读出电子学设计

介绍一种用于新型塑料闪烁体阵列探测器系统的前端读出电子学（FEE）的设计与实现,该前端读出电子学主要基于电荷测量专用的集成电路（ASIC）芯片和现场可编程逻辑门阵列（FPGA）研制,可实现对多路探测器信号的采集、处理、筛选、打包,并通过LVDS差分接口上传到后端的数据获取系统（DAQ）。同时,该电路设有板载线性标定电路,可实现对各通道电子学性能刻度,设有电源电流、关键芯片及电路温度实时监控等电路,使电路具有较完善的功能和较强的自我保护能力。     

用于多丝漂移室读出的扇入延迟前端电子学

多丝漂移室阵列是设计中的低温高密核物质测量谱仪(Cooling storage ring External-target Experiment,CEE)上的前角带电粒子径迹探测器,信号读出的一种备选方案是采用传统前置放大器和采样幅度数字转换器(Analog-to-Digital Converter,ADC)来完成信号的放大和获取,该方案结构较简单,成本适中,而且可以处理单根丝上的多重点火信号。为了进一步降低电子学的通道数目,而又不显著影响探测器的性能,研制了一种扇入延迟电路,将漂移室上不同的多根丝信号进行扇入延迟处理,合成为一路信号后再输入到采样ADC的单个通道进行波形采样和数字化。实际的测试结果表明,该电路对信号处理产生的信号能量展宽好于1%,时间晃动好于500 ps,对应的位置分辨好于25?m,满足漂移室径迹探测器阵列对位置分辨小于300?m的要求。     

基于FELIX的微结构气体探测器读出电子学系统设计

微结构气体探测器因其精度高、面积大等优点,在粒子物理实验中得到了非常广泛的应用。微结构气体探测器的未来应用将面临ASIC种类多、通道数多、数据量大等问题,给读出电子学系统的设计带来了很大的挑战,已成为微结构气体探测器进一步发展应用的瓶颈。FELIX系统具有数据带宽大、通道数多等特点,可很好解决这一问题。基于FELIX的电子学系统由完成探测器信号数字化的前端电子学模块、完成数据汇总的GBT模块、完成数据读出的FELIX系统、完成数据处理的数据处理终端组成,可完成10 240路半数字通道读出或4 096路模拟通道读出。该系统与Micromegas探测器一起实现宇宙线径迹探测,验证了该系统的通用性和兼容性,为微结构气体探测器的应用需求提供了一个通用的解决方案。     

基于APV25芯片的GEM探测器读出电子学系统的测试与改进

气体电子倍增器(GEM)是目前最具发展前景的位置灵敏气体探测器。其新一代读出电子学系统包括APV25前端卡、多用途数字转换器（MPD)、VME控制器及基于Linux的采集软件DAQ。本工作完成了读出系统的调试,获得了系统在40 MHz和20 MHz工作频率下的理想数据。在长时间测试中,系统运行稳定。通过对软件配置的优化和对硬件的改进,降低了噪声水平,提高了信噪比。     

用于Micromegas的电子学读出系统初步设计

Micromegas由于具有高计数率、良好的空间分辨能力、很好的抗辐照性能和简单的结构,被广泛应用于粒子物理实验,它是未来探测器的一个发展方向。论文介绍了用于Micromegas探测器的一种电子学读出系统,其中包括系统总体结构、前端ASIC前放电路设计、后端读出电子学硬件设计和FPGA中的固件设计,给出了现有条件下对此系统的初步测试结果。     

双探测器中子剂量当量仪的探头设计

针对单探测器中子剂量当量仪的能量响应性能普遍不好的问题,设计了一种新型中子剂量当量仪,该中子剂量当量仪的探头包含有两个不同厚度慢化体球壳和两个球形3He正比计数管。用MCNP程序对分别嵌入到两个慢化体球壳中心的两个3He正比计数管的能量响应进行了计算。在周围剂量当量的结果计算时,用两个探测器的计数率之比确定1个修正因子以对探测器的计数率转换成中子周围剂量当量率进行修正。经过理论分析和实验验证,该中子剂量当量仪的能量响应性能有一定改善,可使热中子～14MeV范围内的能量响应缩小到0.7～1.3范围内。     

“核-光转换”中子探测器铀靶厚度的理论研究

“核-光转换”(简称NOC)中子探测器是以惰性气体为介质将裂变碎片能量转换为光辐射的裂变室.论文根据探测器的特点和工作原理,对探测器中所使用的平板铀靶厚度进行了数值和M.C模拟计算,分别给出了最优化的铀靶厚度,并计算了裂变碎片在气体中能量沉积效率.     

A versatile 16-channel front-end integrated circuit for semiconductor radiation detectors

A CMOS front-end integrated circuit consisting of 16 identical analog channels is proposed for semiconductor radiation detectors. Each of the 16 channels has a low noise charge sensitive amplifier, a pulse shaper, a peak detect and hold circuit and a discriminator, while analog voltage and channel address are routed off the chip. It can accommodate both electron and hole collection with selectable gain and peaking time. Sequential and sparse readout, combining with self-trigger and external trigger, makes four readout modes. The circuit is implemented in a 0.35 μm DP4M (double-poly-quad-metal) CMOS technology with an area of 2.5×1.54 mm2 and power dissipation of 60 mW. A single channel chip is tested with Verigy 93000. The gain is adjustable from 13 to 130 mV·fC–1 while the peaking time varies between 0.7 and 1.6 μs. The linearity is more than 99% and the equivalent noise charge is about 600e.     

The front-end electronics design of dose monitors for beam delivery system of Shanghai Advanced Proton Therapy Facility

A front-end electronics of dose monitor has been developed for measuring irradiation dose to the patient in Shanghai Advanced Proton Therapy Facility.The parallel plate ionization chamber is used for the dose monitoring.Unlike the traditional method of recycling capacitor integration and voltage-to-frequency conversion,this dose monitor electronics uses the trans-impedance amplifier and analog-to-digital conversion method.It performs satisfactorily,with the integral nonlinearity of less than ±0.04 nA in the range of-400 to 50 nA and the resolution of about±0.6 nA.     

Twin model-based fault detection and tolerance approach for in-core self-powered neutron detectors

The in-core self-powered neutron detector(SPND) acts as a key measuring device for the monitoring of parameters and evaluation of the operating conditions of nuclear reactors. Prompt detection and tolerance of faulty SPNDs are indispensable for reliable reactor management. To completely extract the correlated state information of SPNDs, we constructed a twin model based on a generalized regression neural network(GRNN) that represents the common relationships among overall signals. Faulty SPNDs w...     

谱仪放大器中滤波成形电路的一种改进设计

对改进的5阶Butterworth滤波器网络进行了更深入的分析和仿真,并设计出了Sallen-key型有源滤波网络作为谱仪放大器中的滤波成形电路,在Protel DXP中进行了电路仿真,输出的结果满足设计要求.     

Custom integrated front-end circuit for the CMS electromagneticcalorimeter

A wide dynamic range multigain transimpedance amplifier custom integrated circuit has been developed for the readout of avalanche photodiode and vacuum phototriode in the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter for the Large Hadron Collider experiment. The 92 dB input dynamic range is divided into four ranges of 12 bits each in order to provide 40 MHz analog sampled data to a 12 bit analog-to-digital converter. This concept, which has been integrated in rad-hard full complementary bipolar technology, will be described. Experimental results obtained in the lab and under irradiation will be presented along with the test strategy being used for mass production     

An improved model for the energy resolution of multicrystalencoding detectors for PET

Recently, we have shown that the program DETECT provides a realistic platform to model the performances of scintillation counters with geometries as involved as that of the EXACT HR PLUS, a state-of-the-art position and energy encoding EGO detector manufactured by Siemens-CTI for positron emission tomography (PET). In this paper we present the results of new simulations of this block's performances, updated to include the nonproportionality of the scintillation response of EGO and the statistical noise from photoelectron amplification in photomultiplier tubes (PMT's). The updated model accounts for the crystal-dependent energy resolutions observed with 511-keV photons in the detector with excellent accuracy. Measured and simulated resolutions are shown to agree within -1 to 4%, with an average absolute difference of 1% over the entire block. The impact of the nonproportional scintillation response of EGO on the energy resolution is shown to be relatively small compared to that of the amplification noise in the four PMT's reading out the block     

多丝正比计数器核电子学电路研制

介绍了用集成电路构成的一套用于多丝正比计数器的核电子学电路，该电路与多丝正比计数器结合可用于全身表面污染监测仪，手脚表面污染监测仪，地板表面污染监测仪及低本底α、β测量仪等监测仪器；分析了电路设计及制造工艺中的一些具体要点。     

硅条探测器前端ASIC芯片测试系统电路设计

介绍一种前端读出专用集成电路(ASIC,Application-Specific Integrated Circuit)芯片性能测试系统的电路设计与实现.该ASIC芯片可用于构成硅微条探测器、硅条、Si(Li)和CsI探测器的前端读出电子学系统.本文详细描述了测试系统的构成,主要电路设计,系统应用以及部分测试结果,并简要介绍了被测ASIC芯片的电路结构.