硫化体系对天然橡胶性能的影响

研究普通硫化体系和半有效硫化体系对天然橡胶(NR)各项性能的影响。结果表明:与普通硫化体系NR胶料相比,半有效硫化体系NR胶料的硫化返原程度小,物理性能、压缩疲劳性能、耐磨性能和耐热老化性能好,且随着促进剂用量的增大性能更优,但耐切割性能变差;随着硫化时间的延长,普通硫化体系和半有效硫化体系NR胶料的压缩疲劳温升和磨耗量均增大,且普通硫化体系胶料增幅更大。     

硫化体系对丁腈橡胶/氢化丁腈橡胶并用胶性能的影响

研究硫化体系对丁腈橡胶(NBR)/氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)并用胶性能的影响。结果表明:过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)/三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)硫化体系胶料的t_(10)较长,加工安全性、物理性能、耐热老化性能和耐介质性能较好,压缩永久变形较小;硫化剂DTDM/促进剂TMTD/促进剂CZ硫化体系胶料的t_(10)较短,撕裂强度较高;硫黄/DCP/促进剂TMTD/促进剂CZ硫化体系胶料的t90较短,硫化速度较快,100%定伸应力和拉伸强度较高。     

助硫化剂对乙丙橡胶性能的影响

研究了采用过氧化物硫化时乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)和硫黄等对EPDM性能的影响。结果表明,加入助硫化剂能明显加快硫化速度,并提高硫化程度;加入TAIC的胶料硫化速度明显快于加入EDMA的胶料;使用少量S代替部分TAIC或部分EDMA时胶料的硫化速度明显变慢;助硫化剂种类对硫化胶拉伸强度无明显影响;加入S可使硫化胶拉断伸长率和撕裂强度明显变大;加入TAIC的硫化胶耐屈挠疲劳性能明显好于加入EDMA的硫化胶,同时加入少量S后效果更加明显。TAIC和EDMA用作助硫化剂时,2者硫化胶的耐热氧老化性能均优异;加入少量S后耐热氧老化性能急剧下降。     

硫化体系对胶料耐屈挠性能的影响

研究硫化体系对胶料(天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶并用胶为主体材料)耐屈挠性能的影响。结果表明:硫黄与促进剂用量比及促进剂品种均对胶料的各项性能产生影响;高促低硫硫化体系生成单硫键比例较大,胶料的耐屈挠性能较差;低促高硫硫化体系生成多硫键比例较大,胶料的耐屈挠性能提高;与促进剂TBBS相比,促进剂CBS,TiBTD和DTDM均对胶料的耐屈挠性能存在不利影响。     

有机过氧化物DCP/硫黄并用硫化体系在轮胎胎侧胶中的应用

研究有机过氧化物DCP/硫黄并用硫化体系在轮胎胎侧胶中的应用。结果表明:与硫黄硫化的胶料相比,有机过氧化物DCP/硫黄并用硫化体系硫化的胶料的门尼焦烧时间缩短,硫化速度减慢,但F_max增大,抗硫化返原性提高;硫化胶的硬度、定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度增大,耐热老化性能和耐臭氧老化性能提高,耐屈挠性能相当。     

天然橡胶耐动态臭氧性能研究

研究配方因素对天然橡胶耐动态臭氧性能的影响。结果表明:所选硫化体系对胶料耐动态臭氧性能无影响;在保证胶料硬度相同的条件下,胶料耐动态臭氧性能随炭黑粒径的减小呈现出提高趋势;采用防老剂RD/4010NA并用体系的胶料耐动态臭氧性能最好;防老剂4010NA用量不影响胶料出现臭氧龟裂的初始时间;随着微晶蜡用量的增大,胶料耐动态臭氧性能逐渐提高。     

氟橡胶双酚AF/BPP硫化体系硫化特性的研究

研究了双酚AF硫化体系中硫化剂双酚AF、促进剂BPP对氟橡胶硫化特性的影响以及硫化温度对硫化特性的影响.结果表明：硫化剂双酚AF的用量主要影响胶料的交联密度以及硫化时间,并且可以改善胶料的加工性能;促进剂BPP的用量主要影响胶料的硫化时间,对加工性能有一定的影响;硫化温度的提高会使交联密度下降.     

耐裂口高气密性全钢子午线轮胎气密层胶配方的开发

介绍耐裂口高气密性全钢子午线轮胎气密层胶配方的开发。试验结果表明：通过添加无机填料Suprex,减小炭黑N660和环保油用量,并调整硫化体系,胶料的门尼焦烧时间和硫化时间延长,硫化胶的物理性能、气密性、耐屈挠和耐裂口性能提高;成品轮胎的耐久性能、气密性和耐氮氧老化性能提高。     

几种防老剂对NR胶料耐老化性能的影响

试验研究几种防老剂对NR胶料硫化特性、耐热氧和耐天候老化性能的影响。结果表明,防老剂4010NA和YLD可以明显缩短NR胶料的t90,其它防老剂对NR胶料的硫化特性影响较小;加防老剂的NR硫化胶耐热氧老化性能明显提高,但各防老剂硫化胶之间的差异并不大;加防老剂8PPD,RE和YLD的NR硫化胶耐天候老化性能优异,加防老剂4010NA和4020的NR硫化胶次之,加防老剂RD的NR硫化胶较差。     

过氧化物与硫黄共硫化氢化丁腈橡胶的性能研究

研究过氧化物/硫黄复合硫化体系对氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)性能的影响。结果表明:随着硫化剂DCP用量的增大,胶料的焦烧时间缩短,硫化速度加快,硫化胶的100%定伸应力增大,压缩永久变形减小,耐热老化性能提高;随着硫黄用量的增大,胶料的硫化速度加快,硫化胶的粘合性能提高;促进剂CZ用量对HNBR胶料性能的影响不大;当硫化剂DCP/硫黄/促进剂CZ用量比为7/0.5/1时,HNBR胶料的综合性能最佳。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997