固定式燃料电池储氢气瓶的研制

以固定式燃料电池储氢气瓶的广泛应用为背景,对12L碳纤维全缠绕储氢气瓶的开发进行了研究。本文对CYD-128树脂浇铸体的拉伸性能进行了测试,同时开展了T700-12K/CYD-128复合材料NOL环的层间剪切试验。在此基础上,利用商业CADWIND软件,根据气瓶的技术指标对其进行了碳纤维的缠绕铺层设计,并利用ANSYS有限元应力分析,以对复合材料气瓶的缠绕工艺方案进行验证。根据设计的线型完成35 MPa高压储氢气瓶的缠绕,各项指标均满足使用要求。     

大型碳纤维复合材料气瓶在压缩天然气储运领域中的研制与应用进展

采用碳纤维缠绕成型技术制造的大型压缩天然气(CNG)气瓶,具有质量轻、强度高、疲劳强度好,耐腐蚀等特点,可以满足海洋油田天然气开发及天然气的陆上储运等领域的应用需求。本文综述了国际上大型碳纤维复合材料CNG气瓶的研制及应用现状,结合国内天然气开发及储运和国产碳纤维复合材料应用的现实,提出了研制大型CNG复合材料气瓶应突破的关键技术、标准规范以及成型装备等。     

碳基储氢材料的技术研究及展望

本文从功能性材料和纤维缠绕结构性复合材料两个方面,总结了碳基材料在储氢领域的技术进展。功能型储氢材料的技术原理是表面吸附,包括活性炭、活性炭纤维、纳米碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨烯等,应用的关键在于开发较高温度下的低成本吸附材料。高性能纤维缠绕复合材料是高压储氢技术的研究热点,结合低温技术,可以实现在保证储氢能力的同时降低压力,具有较好的经济性。     

金属内衬碳纤维全缠绕气瓶的有限元分析

本文通过有限元的分析方法,对具有铝合金内衬的碳纤维全缠绕复合材料气瓶的结构进行了剖析,建立了较为合理的复合材料气瓶有限元模型,对气瓶模型的基本建模分析过程进行了阐述和研究。采用ANSYS参数化编程语言(APDL)对复合材料气瓶进行参数化建模,参考美国制定的DOT-CFFC标准《铝内胆碳纤维全缠绕复合气瓶的基本要求》,对公称工作压力、试验压力和最小爆破压力下的碳纤维缠绕铺层和铝合金内衬的各向应力分布进行了数值模拟和计算,并预测了复合材料气瓶的实际爆破压强。     

碳纤维复合材料缠绕气瓶优化研究进展

碳纤维复合材料缠绕气瓶具有质量轻、刚性好、强度高、寿命长、安全性高等优势,自问世以来就受到各行各业的青睐。文中总结归纳了碳纤维复合材料缠绕气瓶国内外优化研究的进展,具体从自紧压力优化,质量优化,材料与结构优化三个方面进行了阐述。     

复合材料储氢气瓶的纤维厚度预测与强度分析

复合材料储氢气瓶因具有较高的比强度、轻质以及耐腐蚀性好等特点,被大量装备于火箭、卫星、新能源汽车和医疗设备等。本文希望通过对复合材料储氢气瓶的理论研究与数值模拟,提供一套快速准确的储氢气瓶设计方法。首先基于网格理论设计了复合材料缠绕层,接着通过三维激光扫描技术对气瓶轮廓进行测量,验证了三次样条封头厚度预测方法的准确性,最后利用Abaqus软件建立了复合材料气瓶高精度有限元模型,研究了自紧对于提高气瓶性能的重要作用,建立渐进损伤模型得到气瓶的爆破压力。结果表明:三次样条法准确预测了气瓶封头上的纤维厚度分布,经过自紧处理后在工作压力下内胆的Mises应力显著降低,得到了最佳自紧压力取值范围为36.3 MPa～42.5 MPa。渐进损伤结果显示气瓶发生了纤维和基体破坏,最终爆破压强达到了69.5 MPa,满足设计要求。研究成果对复合材料储氢气瓶的设计制造具有重要的意义。     

车用氢气铝合金内胆碳纤维全缠绕气瓶及其生产工艺

正一种应用于新能源汽车领域中的车用氢气铝合金内胆碳纤维全缠绕气瓶,整个装置由内胆、碳纤维缠绕层组成,内胆瓶嘴处为内螺纹和密封结构,碳纤维缠绕层的铺层次序为8层环向缠绕+6层螺旋缠绕+8层环向缠绕+8层螺旋缠绕+2层环向缠绕;车用氢气铝合金内胆碳纤维全缠绕气瓶的生产工艺是,内胆经冲压拉伸成型,并经数     

碳纤维复合材料高压储氢容器研究与结构设计

氢能的储运技术是氢能利用的关键环节之一。对车用燃料氢气的储存技术进行了综述和比较,提出高压储氢是氢气储存的主要方向之一。阐述了碳纤维复合材料高压容器的技术原理和结构特点,通过改进压力容器的结构形式,达到防止氢气渗漏、延长容器使用寿命、提高系统储氢量等综合性能。     

碳纤维／环氧树脂在橡胶内衬表面的全缠绕工艺设计

根据橡胶内衬碳纤维全缠绕压力气瓶的技术指标,依据网格理论对缠绕层和缠绕张力进行详细的理论设计计算,确定缠绕参数和工艺.选用的环氧树脂体系力学性能优异,其黏度满足缠绕成型工艺要求,同时复合材料NOL环的断面形貌表明该树脂体系与T800碳纤维界面结合良好.对缠绕成型的压力气瓶进行试验,检测表明.水压爆破试验和疲劳试验结果均满足复合材料气瓶的设计要求.     

碳纤维缠绕复合铝圆管轴向压溃力学性能研究

车载储氢气瓶的主要组成部分包括铝合金和缠绕碳纤维复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plasti,简称"CFRP")。本文采用准静态轴压的实验方法研究了碳纤维缠绕复合管的破坏模式和纤维角度对复合管耐压性的影响,并将复合管和单独铝管的性能进行了对比。研究发现:所制备样件的外层纤维壁破坏表现为纤维的渐进式脆性断裂模式,内层铝壁破坏主要表现为金刚石模式;纤维缠绕角度在30°到60°范围内,复合管的峰值力随着碳纤维缠绕角度的增大而减小,碳纤维缠绕角度为45°的复合管具有最高的总吸能、比吸能率和压缩力效率;复合管的吸能主要来源于铝合金、碳纤维本身的变形以及碳纤维和铝合金的相互作用。研究表明,缠绕纤维和铝合金之间的相互作用能显著改善单独铝管的耐压性能。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.