校园楼宇供暖集中监控系统研制及应用

针对目前高校供暖面积分布广,管理难度大,系统能耗高等特点,研制开发了一套校园楼宇供暖集中监控系统,并通过校园局域网实现了校园供暖集中监控,采用温差控制方式调节各楼供暖温度,利用不同的供暖模式实行分楼分时段供暖。实例应用结果表明,该系统技术先进、经济实用,节能效果显著,适合在高校推广使用。     

集中供热供回水温度与室外温度关系探讨

根据《供热工程》(第四版)和《民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范》的要求,通过供暖热负荷供热调节的基本公式,对直接供暖热源和间接供暖热源供回水温度同供暖室外温度的关系公式进行详细计算和分析研究,得到锅炉房、热力站运行温度曲线图表及计算公式。并结合当地集中供暖运行温度曲线图表的应用,阐述采暖期按室外温度提供热源供回水温度以达到集中供热节能的意义。北方各地区集中供暖热源的供回水温度是根据采暖期的室外温度来确定的。推导出直接供暖热源和间接供暖热源的供回水温度同供暖室外温度的计算公式。     

水泵节能改造在集中供热系统中的应用

我国现阶段城镇的供热方式主要以热电联产,大型锅炉房集中换热为主。设计方对各个换热站水泵的流量,扬程选型都预留系数在1.2～1.5左右,造成电机功率较大,属于高耗能运行,供暖成本居高不下。对集中供热系统中长期存在大流量,高扬程水泵的原因及弊端进行了系统分析,并通过改造实例及运行状态,达到了节能的目的。     

间接连接和混水连接联合应用的供暖系统调节控制方式分析

为了解决供暖系统中同时存在散热器供暖及地板辐射供暖用户时,地板辐射供暖用户过热的问题,提出了地板辐射供暖系统采用混水连接的供热方式,分析供热系统的调节曲线及混水站控制方式,给出混水泵混水比的变化曲线。结合工程实例计算分析得出,混水连接方式能很好解决不同供暖方式联合应用的问题,并且相对间接连接供暖方式水泵运行能耗明显降低。     

供暖气候补偿节能运行模式

通过对既有建筑的热负荷变化分析,提取出室外温度作为调节依据,采用气候补偿的方式调节供暖运行,降低系统能源消耗,平衡供暖节能与舒适性的矛盾,达到按需供应的目的,论证气候补偿运行模式在供暖节能上的优越性。     

某高校气候补偿供暖节能改造分析

为平衡供暖节能与舒适性的矛盾,通过对既有建筑的热负荷变化分析,提取出室外温度作为调节依据,采用气候补偿的方式调节供暖运行,降低系统能源消耗,达到优质供暖,按需供应的目的。针对某高校供暖的实际问题,给出供暖节能方案并进行分析,分析结果证明气候补偿运行模式在供暖节能上有优越性。     

浅析老城区集中供热系统节能改造

根据老城区集中供热系统工艺过程特点,提出热网水力平衡、改善热源运行调节、全面的节电技术改造及分时分区温控供暖等措施与方法,改善实际供暖情况。     

跨季蓄热多方式可调节供暖系统的模拟分析及可行性研究

针对太阳能跨季蓄热量利用不充分的问题,提出了一种多方式可调节供暖系统模型,利用温差控制原理实现系统供暖方式的自动转换.以乌鲁木齐地区某公共建筑为例,采用TRNSYS动态模拟软件对多方式可调节供暖系统进行了全年运行分析.结果表明:15 100 m3的蓄热基坑体积与6 040 m2的集热器面积恰好匹配;在非供暖期蓄热基坑内...     

散热器供暖二次网循环流量的探讨

散热器供暖二次网设计流量影响供热效果和供热成本,建立二次网供暖设计流量影响集中供热系统技术经济性的分析模型,通过定性分析和模拟分析得出了供暖系统二次网流量经济运行区域,改造案例项目不同循环流量供暖运行能耗的比较,通过北京既有项目供热系统改造情况进一步探讨二次网流量经济运行范围,研究成果初步应用于某新项目设计审查。     

热泵在低温地热资源利用中的应用

探讨了低温废热资源有效利用的方法，即将热泵技术应用于低温地热废水供暖。通过对地热及热泵联合供热热源系统的设计计算方案比较，分析热泵参与地热供暖的负荷调节，论证了应用热泵技术是提高低温能源利用率的有效方式。还介绍了工程投资和运行成本的计算方法。     

新型模糊控制器在感应加热温度控制中的应用研究

针对感应加热电源温度控制,采用了一种新型模糊控制控制器,介绍了基于该模糊控制的感应加热温度控制系统的构成及其设计。通过MATLAB／SIMULINK进行了仿真,仿真结果验证了该温度控制系统的有效性和优越性。     

Evaluation and optimization of water source heat pump for district heating: A case study in steel plant

Using high-temperature heat pump technology to recover waste heat of circulating cooling water in a steel plant for central heating system not can only reduce the temperature of circulating cooling water to meet the needs of smelting process but also can save energy and protect environment as well as bring great economic benefits to steel plant that can sell heat to the heat users. The energy consumption equation of heat pump central heating system was established based on the energy consumption of heat pump, energy consumption of water pump, and heat loss. The optimal inlet water temperature, inlet flow rate, and the number of operating heat pump modules at different outdoor temperatures were calculated by genetic algorithm. The superiority and operating control strategy of heat pump central heating system were discussed. The results show that with the increase of outdoor temperature, the optimal inlet flow rate and the number of operating heat pump module decrease. However, the inlet water temperature almost does not change. It is more suitable for the heat pump central heating system to change the inlet flow and the number of operating heat pump modules. The operating control strategy equation was established by linear fitting, which provides guidance for the engineering application of heat pump central heating system.     

利用剩余风电的感应储能供暖控制系统研究

为了解决我国北方地区风电的弃风问题,改进剩余风电供暖系统的直接消纳储能技术,改善电蓄热供暖控制系统中存在换能装置电热转化效率低下的问题,经过方案对比提出采用电热转换效率高、安全可靠性好的电磁感应加热装置作为供暖系统的换能装置。为优化储能水箱加热供暖系统的控制策略,针对系统给定的控制需求,采取前级附加给定温度模糊控制器串联后级感应加热模糊PID控制器的复合控制策略,使闭环加热系统的给定温度随室外温度的变化而调整;同时为了节约不可再生能源,降低损耗,采用与后级模糊PID控制器的输出构成闭环比值随动控制系统的加热循环流量协调控制策略。利用Matlab/Simulink软件进行仿真实验,结果表明：模糊PID控制特性明显优于传统PID控制,系统的超调量显著减少,动态调节速度明显加快;实现模糊控制和模糊PID控制复合与协调智能控制策略的网络化,提高了系统控制的实时性和可靠性,使系统控制性能大为提升。     

柴油机增压与车室采暖加热复合系统仿真研究

本文给出了一种柴油机复合增压和供热的复合系统,通过控制阀门的开闭,在柴油机不同的运转工况时实现不同的增压方式;通过串联的喷油燃烧装置和旁通调节装置,调节排气温度。仿真研究结果表明,复合增压与采暖系统即可提高柴油机低转速大负荷时候的增压压力,又避免了柴油机高速工况时增压压力过高,使柴油机在全部转速范围内具有较好的燃油经济性和较好的换气性能;供热装置能够在柴油机运转范围内提供稳定的热源,并且降低了采暖所需的燃油消耗。     

大型稀有金属板带真空退火炉加热控制系统

针对大型真空退火炉多温区加热温度精确度和均温性控制难点,研究了基于Fuzzy—PID的多温区加热模糊控制策略,研制了工控机IPC＋PLC＋欧陆3504＋KTY3S晶闸管调功构成真空退火炉加热高精度控制系统。系统投入稀有金属大型真空退火炉运行,在加热温度精确度和均温性控制上取得显著效果,具有典型的应用价值。     

The thermal effects of some control logics used in GDHS

The temperature of the water returning from the network affects greatly the efficiency of a geothermal district-heating system (GDHS). The temperature of the returning water depends on whether there is a heat exchanger between network flow and indoor circulation. The return temperature also depends on outdoor temperature and logic of the indoor temperature control system. In this paper, four control logics are defined depending on whether indoor circulation is separated from network circulation or not. Return temperature and circulation rate of network flow are calculated for these control logics. The results show that the flow rate of the network flow and annual consumption of the geothermal fluid could be decreased about 10% or over by using optimum control logic in district heating systems.     

Rapid control of hydrogen permeation in Pd membrane reactor by magnetic-field-induced heating under microwave irradiation

A microwave (MW) heating system induced by a magnetic field was designed and applied for uniform heating of a Pd membrane selectively through hydrogen. This system aimed to control the temperature of the membrane and the hydrogen permeation rate. Although the conventional dielectric heating by MWs is not suitable for metal membranes because of the reflection of MWs, a magnetic field can excite the surface current (eddy current) and causes Joule heating. First, this was successfully achieved for thin metal films in a frequency-variable single-mode MW reactor system with a cylindrical cavity. The temperature of the surface was controlled precisely by a resonance frequency autotracking function. Then, for the control of the hydrogen permeation rate through the Pd membrane, this system was applied to a pore-filling-type Pd membrane where the Pd nanoparticles were filled in the nanospace void of the Al₂O₃ support tube, suggesting high durability. The temperature of Pd membrane could be quickly and precisely controlled due to direct heating by this MW system. Hydrogen permeation rate was well controlled associated with the temperature of the membrane.     

燃气锅炉集中供暖监控系统设计

采用了一种供热管网多点测控系统的设计原理和实现方法,针对用户可自我调节温度的集中供热要求进行了自动控制系统设计.该系统能够根据室外温度和用户热量进行自动控制.