基于长短期记忆网络的滚动轴承寿命预测方法

为解决滚动轴承剩余寿命预测问题,提出一种基于长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory,简称LSTM)的剩余寿命预测方法。首先,从时域、频域及时频域特征中提取特征参数;其次,定义三个评价指标定量评估表征轴承退化过程的特征参数效果,筛选得到退化特征参数集,搭建长短期记忆网络预测模型并以归一化寿命值为标签训练神经网络;最后,用训练好的神经网络实现滚动轴承剩余寿命预测。通过滚动轴承全寿命试验证明,该方法可以准确预测滚动轴承剩余寿命,并与反向传播(back propagation machine,简称BP)神经网络和支持向量回归机(support vector regression machine,简称SVRM)的预测效果对比,验证了提出方法的有效性。     

气动准零非线性隔振器的刚度特性与参数调控

为解决滚动轴承剩余寿命预测问题,提出一种基于长短期记忆网络（long short-term memory, 简称LSTM）的剩余寿命预测方法。首先,从时域、频域及时频域特征中提取特征参数;其次,定义三个评价指标定量评估表征轴承退化过程的特征参数效果,筛选得到退化特征参数集,搭建长短期记忆网络预测模型并以归一化寿命值为标签训练神经网络;最后,用训练好的神经网络实现滚动轴承剩余寿命预测。通过滚动轴承全寿命试验证明,该方法可以准确预测滚动轴承剩余寿命,并与反向传播(back propagation machine,简称BP)神经网络和支持向量回归机（support vector regression machine,简称SVRM）的预测效果对比,验证了提出方法的有效性。     

基于改进BP神经网络的焦炭塔热机械疲劳剩余寿命预测

焦炭塔热机械疲劳剩余寿命的分析对于保证焦炭塔的正常运行、防止事故的发生有着十分重要的意义。结合人工神经网络技术,提出了根据有限的材料热机械疲劳试验结果,用改进的BP神经网络预测焦炭塔热机械疲劳剩余寿命的方法,编制了相应的程序,并在实际应用中证明了此方法的有效性。这为研究焦炭塔热机械疲劳剩余寿命提供了一种新的方法。     

基于加速退化试验的机械密封磨损寿命预测

针对目前机械密封应用领域高可靠性的要求,提出了基于随机过程的可靠性分析及磨损寿命预测方法。以密封端面磨损量为研究对象,设计适用于机械密封的加速退化试验以获得磨损退化数据。基于退化模型Gamma过程描述其磨损退化过程,引入双应力逆幂率模型作为加速模型描述转速、弹簧力与退化速率间的关系,从而建立机械密封可靠性分析与寿命预测模型。通过极大似然估计法求解模型参数,结合加速模型外推出多个应力水平下的模型参数并进行失效概率分析,对机械密封在不同可靠度需求下的可靠寿命及不同工作条件下的平均寿命作出了预测。结果表明,Gamma过程适用于描述机械密封的磨损退化过程,通过双应力逆幂率模型外推获得各应力水平下的可靠度及寿命,此方法比传统的机械密封寿命预测方法具有更好的实用性和灵活性,可为密封产品确定维修周期及保证安全运行提供重要参考。     

基于QPSO-SVR和声发射信号的机械密封寿命预测

针对现有机械密封监测技术难以有效预测剩余使用寿命的问题,提出基于声发射特征融合的退化指标和QPSO-SVR寿命预测模型的机械密封剩余寿命预测方法。首先通过实验采集多组机械密封的全寿命数据,进行小波阈值降噪处理,从原始声发射信号中提取出能表征机械密封运行状态的特征,利用KPCA分析优化得到的声发射特征,然后通过马氏距离对得到的特征进行融合进而得到能够表征机械密封退化的指标,利用QPSO优化SVR模型参数,建立寿命预测模型。实验结果显示:基于退化指标和QPSO-SVR模型的寿命预测方法有着较好的泛化能力和较高的精度,具有良好的工业前景。     

基于加速退化数据的航空液压泵剩余寿命预测技术研究

航空液压泵是航空装备的关键件之一。如何很好地预测液压泵的剩余寿命,使得液压泵的有效寿命能够得到更加充分合理地利用,将具有很大的理论价值和经济效益。通过研究某型航空液压泵的失效模式、失效机理和退化参数,确定其加速退化试验方案,建立其加速退化模型,并在此基础上建立了一套基于加速性能退化试验数据的航空液压泵剩余寿命预测方法及步骤,并以该型航空液压泵的加速性能退化试验数据为例对其剩余寿命进行了预测,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

基于RRMS的地铁牵引电机轴承剩余寿命预测

为了评估滚动轴承的可靠性和预测剩余寿命,提出一种基于RRMS特征和神经网络相结合的轴承剩余寿命预测方法。选取地铁牵引电机轴承为研究对象,首先在轴承疲劳寿命试验台上进行疲劳寿命试验,采集轴承振动信号;其次通过小波包对原始信号进行分解,提取振动信号的RRMS特征,将其作为表征轴承性能衰退变化趋势的指标,并确定轴承失效阈值;最后基于BP神经网络对轴承的剩余寿命进行预测。试验结果表明:预测值与实际值基本吻合,均方根误差小于0.015,验证了该方法的有效性。     

灰色GM(1,1)模型在机械产品寿命试验数据预测中的应用

将构造的背景值公式引入 GM(1,1)模型 ,并用该模型预测机械产品寿命试验数据 ,实例计算结果表明 ,该方法能缩短机械产品寿命试验时间 ,提高了 GM(1,1)模型的预测精度。     

基于DCNN网络及Self-Attention-BiGRU机制的轴承剩余寿命预测

深度神经网络在剩余寿命预测(RUL)领域得到了广泛的应用。传统的滚动轴承寿命预测模型存在预测精确度较低、鲁棒性较弱的问题。为了进一步提升预测模型的精确度以及鲁棒性,提出了一种融合深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)、双向门控循环单元(BiGRU)以及自注意力机制(Self-Attention)三种模块的滚动轴承剩余使用寿命预测模型。首先,利用DCNN网络对原始振动信号的时域特征、频域特征进行了提取;然后,使用不确定量化的方法对提取到的特征进行了评价和筛选,利用筛选过后的特征构建了新的替代特征集;最后,利用Self-Attention-BiGRU网络对轴承的剩余使用寿命进行了预测,并在IEEE PHM2012数据集上进行了验证。实验结果表明：相较于BiGRU、GRU和BiLSTM三种模型的预测结果,基于DCNN及Self-Attention-BiGRU方法的预测结果最优,两项误差值：平均绝对误差(MAE)、均方根误差(RMSE)最低,其中工况一的一号轴承RUL预测的MAE值相较于BiGRU、GRU以及BiLSTM网络分别下降了7.0%、7.4%和6.5%,RMSE值相较于其他三种模型分别下降了7...     

基于微粒群算法的GM(1,1,λ)模型的机械产品寿命预测

GM(1,1)模型用于机械产品寿命的预测,不仅需要的数据量较少,而且可以节约试验费用、减少大量的试验时间.该文用差分格式将灰色模型GM(1,1)拓广为GM(1,1,λ)模型,并应用微粒群算法(PSO)求解最优的λ值,对机械产品寿命进行预测.实例计算表明,基于PSO的GM(1,1,λ)模型的优化方法优于现有的灰色预测方法.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.