浅谈当代计算机辅助装配的发展方向

装配是产品实现主要功能的重要过程,装配规划直接影响着产品的质量以及成本,是完美实现装配的重要环节。计算机辅助装配的规划涉及技术领域众多,是计算机集成制造中的关键技术,本文主要通过对目前计算机辅助装配规划以及装配顺序的研究,来对以后计算机辅助装配的发展方向进行了分析。     

三维打印牙颌模型的计算机辅助测量与精确度研究

摘要：牙颌模型是口腔正畸治疗的重要参考标准,传统的石膏模型易老化断裂,且存储不便;针对石膏模型制作过程效率较低、精度不高,提出了基于3D打印技术制作牙颌模型的实际方法,并应用计算机辅助测量,进行了模型精确度分析;首先通过将影像数据数字化建模,采用熔融沉积制造技术得到3D打印牙颌模型;其次制定模型精确度分析的测量项目与测量标准,利用计算机辅助测量与三维最佳拟合配准技术,分析模型精确度;最后对测量数据统计分析,并得到差异分布规律;实验结果表明,3D打印牙颌模型精确度完全能够满足临床需求,3D打印相较于传统的制作过程更高效和经济,计算机辅助的牙颌模型测量不但替代了传统的手工测量方式,也极大提高了测量的准确性与可重复性,具有很高的推广价值。     

定性立体形状表达和建模方法

概念设计在整个产品开发过程中的地位越来越重要,计算机辅助概念设计是计算机辅助设计的发展方向之一。传统的产品建模技术由于不能在产品开发的初期阶段很好地为产品的设计服务,因此有必要研究和开发面向产品概念设计的新的产品建模方法。本文介绍了一种基于领域和领域关系的定性立体形状表达方法和建模方法。该方法满足了概念设计对形状表达的要求,并能简化定性立体构筑过程。     

我国CAD/CAM技术应用现状及其发展趋势

一、CAD/CAM技术概述 计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造(CAD/CAM)技术是设计人员和组织产品制造的工艺技术人员在计算机系统的辅助之下,根据产品的设计和制造程序进行设计和制造的一项新技术,是传统技术与计算机技术相结合的产物.设计人员通过人机交互操作方式进行产品设计构思和论证,产品总体设计、技术设计、零部件设计,完成有关零件的强度、刚度、热、电、磁的分析计算和零件加工信息(工程图纸或数控加工信息等)的输出,以及技术文档和有关技术报告的编制.     

虚拟样机技术在工程车辆中的应用初探

一、引言 虚拟样机技术是一种基于产品计算机模型的数字化设计方法,这种技术以计算机仿真和建模技术为支撑,融合了智能化设计技术、并行工程、仿真工程和网络技术等多种先进的制造技术,其最终目标是实现在产品加工前对产品的性能、可制造性等进行预测,从而对设计方案进行评估和优化,以达到产品的最优化.     

漫谈CATIA与逆向工程

一、引言为了适应先进制造技术的发展,需要将实物样件或手工模型转化为CAD数据,以便利用快速成型(Rapid prototyping,RP)系统、计算机辅助制造(Computer Aided Manufacture,CAM)系统、产品数据管理(Product Data Management,PDM)等先进技术对其进行处理和管理,并进行进一步修改和再设计优化。此时,就     

《CADDM》征稿启事

Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing(计算机辅助绘图设计与制造(英文版))创刊于 1991 年 12 月。《CADDM》是中国工程图学学会主办的全国一级英文学术刊物。《CADDM》在国内外公开发行。该学报面向制造业和工程建设业中有关产品几何形状的数字化建模技术,及时反映其研究、开发和应用的最新有关成果。内容涉及计算机图形学、计算机辅助几何设计、设计几何、CAD/CAM 技术、CAE分析用产品数据的前置处理、计算机辅助工艺过程设计、产品装配规划、产品数     

虚拟制造技术在导弹发射装置研制中的应用

该文从面向产品全生命周期的角度,介绍了虚拟制造技术在导弹发射装置研制中的应用。文章内容主要包括虚拟建模、运动学和动力学分析、有限元分析、虚拟装配、虚拟加工、计算机辅助工艺设计、产品数据管理等虚拟制造的关键技术。实践证明,虚拟制造技术能够大大地缩短产品的设计周期,降低设计制造成本,是新一代制造技术的发展趋势。     

智能化设计环境

一、引言计算机辅助设计技术的广泛应用,彻底打破了传统的设计方法,是设计领域的一次革命。由于ＣＡＤ技术具有加速产品的设计过程,提高产品的质量和可靠性,易于修改等特点,使企业适应当今市场多品种小批量的需求,加快产品更新换代的步伐,因此倍受广大工程设计人员的青睐。ＣＡＤ系统的核心是工程数据库（ＥｎｓｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＤａｔａｂａｓｅ）,主要手段是计算机图形（ＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＧｒａｐｈｉｃｓ）。ＣＡＤ技术与计算机辅助制造、计算机辅助工艺规划等技术相集台,为现代工业提供了强有力的设计和制造工具。二、设计和工…     

CIMS的技术概要、发展现状及趋势

一、ＣＩＭ与ＣＩＭＳ的区别与联系 关于ＣＩＭ比较统一的认识是：ＣＩＭ是一种新的制造思想和技术形态。通俗地讲,ＣＩＭ是ＣＡＤ（计算机辅助设计）、ＣＡＰＰ（计算机辅助工艺规划）、ＣＡＭ（计算机辅助制造）、ＭＲＰ（制造资源规划）等自动化技术发展的延续和更高水平的集成。 ＣＩＭ这个概念的产生反映了人们对“制造”有了更加深刻的认识。通常,人们仅把工艺规划、库存控制、生产及维护这些活动称为制造,但这是一种狭义的理解。从广义上讲,制造还应包括对产品需求的考察,产品概念的形成、设计、开发、生产、销售,甚至包括对用…     

Managing the flow of intelligent parts

Advances in computer technology have brought the feasibility of intelligent system components to fuitation. Within the manufacturing environment, the regulation of parts' value-adding operations from entry into the system to completion as a finished product now can be individualized to depend on part specific information. The new CADENCE system, introduced in this research, manages the physical parts' operations and the information flow within manufacturing. Integration of both the physical flow dependencies and the information flow is provided by a negotiation procedure. CADENCE goes beyond previously proposed task bidding structures by utilizing distributed decision making in managing the flow of individual intelligent parts.     

基于面向对象Petri网的工作流建模及性能分析

工作流技术作为一种过程建模和过程管理的核心技术,在计算机应用领域获得了迅速的发展。介绍了工作流技术;提出了将面向对象建模技术融入Petri网模型所形成的面向对象Petri网,并讨论了建立基于面向对象Petri网的工作流模型的步骤;运用面向对象Petri网建立了某制造企业的产品方案处理流程的工作流模型,并运用性能等价公式对工作流模型的性能进行了分析。     

质量驱动产品开发方法及其应用研究

对质量驱动的产品开发方法进行了介绍,针对我国仪表行业新产品开发能力薄弱的现状和现代工业仪表设计技术,建立了仪表产品质量驱动的计算机辅助产品开发集成设计系统框架模型,指出该设计系统的关键是实现产品质量功能配置,生命周期故障模式与效应分析（ＦＭＥＡ）,及产品设计决策系统的集成设计。文末给出了应用实例。     

Dynamic production system diagnosis and prognosis using model-based data-driven method

Advanced manufacturing systems are becoming increasingly complex, subjecting to constant changes driven by fluctuating market demands, new technology insertion, as well as random disruption events. While information about production processes has been becoming increasingly transparent, detailed, and real-time, the utilization of this information for real-time manufacturing analysis and decision-making has been lagging behind largely due to the limitation of the traditional methodologies for production system analysis, and a lack of real-time manufacturing processes modeling approach and real-time performance identification method. In this paper, a novel data-driven stochastic manufacturing system model is proposed to describe production dynamics and a systematic method is developed to identify the causes of permanent production loss in both deterministic and stochastic scenarios. The proposed methods integrate available sensor data with the knowledge of production system physical properties. Such methods can be transferred to a computer for system self-diagnosis/prognosis to provide users with deeper understanding of the underlying relationships between system status and performance, and to facilitate real-time production control and decision making. This effort is a step forward to smart manufacturing for system real-time performance identification in achieving improved system responsiveness and efficiency.     

云制造环境下个性化产品配置研究

在分析了云制造环境下的产品配置典型过程的基础上,总结了云制造环境下参与 者及制造资源组织的特点,包括产品配置过程需要兼顾不同参与方的利益,以及在产品配置求 解过程中需要覆盖不同制造服务实例的差异化属性的基础,提出了面向云制造的个性化产品配 置技术框架,阐述了面向产品配置的云服务模型、基于关联规则挖掘的产品初步配置以及基于 蚁群算法的产品完整配置 3 个关键问题的求解方法,为云制造环境下开展个性化产品配置提供 了一种新的思路。在模型设计及方案求解过程中,以轮式装载机产品配置作为示例进行了阐述, 验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

An agent-oriented approach to resolve scheduling optimization in intelligent manufacturing

Agent technology is considered as a promising approach for developing optimizing process plans in intelligent manufacturing. As a bridge between computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM), the computer aided scheduling optimization (CASO) plays an important role in the computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) environment. In order to develop a multi-agent-based scheduling system for intelligent manufacturing, it is necessary to build various functional agents for all the resources and an agent manager to improve the scheduling agility. Identifying the shortcomings of traditional scheduling algorithm in intelligent manufacturing, the architecture of intelligent manufacturing system based on multi-agent is put forward, among which agent represents the basic processing entity. Multi-agent-based scheduling is a new intelligent scheduling method based on the theories of multi-agent system (MAS) and distributed artificial intelligence (DAI). It views intelligent manufacturing as composed of a set of intelligent agents, who are responsible for one or more activities and interacting with other related agents in planning and executing their responsibilities. In this paper, the proposed architecture consists of various autonomous agents that are capable of communicating with each other and making decisions based on their knowledge. The architecture of intelligent manufacturing, the scheduling optimization algorithm, the negotiation processes and protocols among the agents are described in detail. A prototype system is built and validated in an illustrative example, which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach. The experiments prove that the implementation of multi-agent technology in intelligent manufacturing system makes the operations much more flexible, economical and energy efficient.     

基于面向对象Petri网的工作流建模及性能分析

工作流技术作为一种过程建模和过程管理的核心技术，在计算机应用领域获得了迅速的发展。介绍了工作流技术；提出了将面向对象建模技术融入Petri网模型所形成的面向对象Petri网，并讨论了建立基于面向对象Petri网的工作流模型的步骤；运用面向对象Petri网建立了某制造企业的产品方案处理流程的工作流模型，并运用性能等价公式对工作流模型的性能进行了分析。     

工业互联网智能制造边缘计算 模型与验证方法

智能制造是先进制造过程、系统与模式的总称,边缘计算是横跨通信、计算机、自动控制等多领域的综合性技术,可以满足智能制造在敏捷联接、实时业务、数据优化、应用智能、安全与隐私保护等方面的关键需求。文章首先介绍了工业互联网智能制造的基本状况,其次介绍了边缘计算的发展现状,之后详细描述了工业互联网智能制造边缘计算模型,最后给出了工业互联网智能制造边缘计算模型的测试方法。     

A decision support system for product design in concurrent engineering

Compared with the traditional sequential design method, concurrent engineering is a systematic approach to integrate concurrent design of products and their related processes. One of the key factors to successfully implement concurrent engineering is information technology. In order to design a product and its manufacturing process simultaneously, information on product features, manufacturing requirements, and customer demands must be processed while the design is concurrently going on. There is an increased understanding of the importance of the correct decisions being made at the conceptual design and development stages that involve many complex evaluation and decision-making tasks. In order to promote the efficiency in concurrent product development, appropriate evaluation and decision tools need to be provided. In this paper, the characteristics of fuzzy, multi-stage evaluation and decision making in concurrent product development process are analyzed and a decision support system for product design in concurrent engineering is presented. An example is given to illustrate the application of the system.     

Overview of 3D printing technologies for reverse engineering product design

With the rapid development of computer and information automatics, advanced manufacturing technologies (such as numerical control technology and computer-aided manufacturing) have been invented and matured. In the face of fierce competition in the international market of 21st century, high-tech application becomes one of the main battle fields. In recent years, reverse engineering technology has developed rapidly, through which the digital computer-aided design (CAD) models of products can be obtained rapidly and accurately; in association with optimization design, computer aided design and finite element analysis, reverse engineering technology significantly improves the development efficiency of new products. As one of the representative technologies of the third industrial revolution, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is adopted in reverse engineering to realize rapid manufacturing of products in a lot of fields; in addition, 3D printing is gradually penetrating into each link of product design, attracting more and more attention from industrial and investment communities.