响应面法优化亚临界水提取槟榔籽中槟榔碱的 工艺研究

目的利用响应面试验优化亚临界水提取槟榔籽中槟榔碱的工艺。方法在单因素实验的基础上,利用单因素试验结合Box-Benhnken实验和响应面分析法,研究提取温度、提取时间以及液料比3个因子对槟榔籽槟榔碱提取率的影响,通过回归分析模拟得到二次多项式回归方程的预测模型。结果亚临界水提取槟榔籽中槟榔碱的最佳工艺条件为提取温度144℃,提取时间43 min,液料比35:1(mL/g)。由模型预测提取率为4.23mg/g,验证实验结果为4.25 mg/g,误差仅为0.47%,与预测值较接近,表明模型具有较好预测性。且各因子对提取率的影响大小依次是提取温度提取时间液料比。结论亚临界水提取可以作为一种有效的槟榔籽中槟榔碱提取方法。     

亚临界水萃取在天然产物有效成分提取中的研究新进展

本文简要阐述了亚临界水萃取技术的原理、特点和工艺,并与其他提取方式相比较,综述了亚临界水萃取技术在天然产物有效成分提取方面的研究新进展。      

芝麻油的亚临界萃取工艺研究

在单因素试验的基础上,运用响应面法优化芝麻油的亚临界萃取工艺。结果表明萃取温度、萃取次数及料液比对芝麻油出油率都有显著影响。优化得到的最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度50℃,萃取次数5次,料液比1∶3.3。在此工艺条件下,芝麻油的出油率达到50.30%,验证值为50.15%,两者的相对误差为0.11%。     

菜籽皮不溶性膳食纤维提取工艺优化

以菜籽皮为原料,采用氢氧化钠溶液为溶剂,通过单因素实验和响应面法研究了料液比、氢氧化钠浓度、温度和时间对碱法提取菜籽皮不溶性膳食纤维得率的影响。结果表明当料液比为1:17(g/mL)、氢氧化钠浓度为2.0mol/L、温度为50℃、时间为45min时,菜籽皮不溶性膳食纤维的得率最高,达到65.92%。     

Optimization of subcritical extraction process for cinnamon (Cinnamomum Cassia Blume) using response surface methodology

Food Science and Biotechnology - Subcritical extraction was optimized to maximize the extraction yield of flavoring compounds from cinnamon. The extracts of cinnamon were obtained at three...     

Development of Chinese steamed bread enriched in bioactive compounds from barley hull and flaxseed hull extracts

Hull from cereal and oilseed grains represent low-cost agricultural materials that have not be fully explored as functional food ingredients. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of Chinese steamed bread (CSB) containing extracts of barley hull and flaxseed hull. HPLC and LC–MS/MS analyses showed that the phytochemical profile of CSB containing barley hull extract was enriched in ferulic and p-coumaric acids. The flaxseed hull extract introduced secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), ferulic acid glucoside (FeAG) and coumaric acid glucoside (CouAG) into CSB. All the major phenolic compounds originating from the two types of hulls were found in CSB when barley–flaxseed hull co-extracts were added to the formulation. The total phenolic content was improved by 83.1, 138.3 and 70.3%, respectively when barley, flaxseed, and barley–flaxseed hull extracts were added. The antioxidant activity of CSB containing hull extracts was increased by 34.5–90.7% compared to the control. CSB containing hull extracts had significantly higher (p < 0.05) DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to the control. However, barley–flaxseed hull co-extracts resulted in the highest enhancement of ORAC values of the CSB, although no significant differences were found (p < 0.05). The findings indicate that extracts from barley hull, flaxseed hull and barley–flaxseed can be targeted for development as functional food ingredients that can enhance the phytochemical content of refined flour products, such as steamed bread.     

亚临界水萃取肉制品中的亚硝酸盐的研究

研究了肉制品中亚硝酸盐的亚临界水萃取预处理技术,分别考察了温度、时间、萃取剂组成对萃取效率的影响。结果表明,亚硝酸盐的最佳萃取条件为:萃取温度120℃,萃取时间15min,萃取溶液为5mL硼砂饱和溶液和20mL去离子水。与国标法的预处理过程相比,亚临界水萃取具有试剂用量小、萃取效率高等特点,本法成功用于实际样品的测定。      

静态亚临界水提取脱脂咖啡渣中抗氧化活性成分的研究

研究了静态亚临界水不同提取温度(110、130、150、170、190℃)、时间(15、30、45、60、75min)、料液比(1:10、1:20、1:30、1:40、1:50、1:60、1:70)对脱脂咖啡渣中多酚类物质提取效果的影响,并对不同提取液的抗氧化活性进行研究。结果表明,提取液中总酚、总黄酮含量及其清除自由基(ABTS·+、DPPH·)能力均随着提取温度、时间、液料比升高先增加后减少,当提取温度达到170℃、时间达到45min、料液比达到1:50时,提取液中总酚和总黄酮含量均达到最高,其抗氧化活性也达到最高值。170℃、45min、1:50是亚临界水提取脱脂咖啡渣中的多酚类物质的最佳提取条件,脱脂咖啡渣提取液可以作为一种天然的抗氧化剂来源。     

响应面法优化发芽糙米生物活性物质提取工艺

目的 优化发芽糙米的工艺条件,提高糙米中生物活性物质的含量.方法 利用响应面法优化糙米发芽过程中的温度、时间和湿度,以最大程度地提高γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)、总酚化合物(total phenolic compound,TPC)和谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)的含量.结...     

Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds from grape (Vitis labrusca B.) peel by using response surface methodology

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was applied for the extraction of valuable compounds from grape (Vitis labrusca B.) peel. Extraction was carried out according to an orthogonal array design (OAD) and independent variables selected were temperature, pressure and modifier concentration. SFE process was optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM) for the extract yield, total phenols, antioxidants and total anthocyanins from grape peel. Effects of extraction temperature and pressure were found to be significant on all responses. Optimal SFE conditions were identified as 45–46 °C temperature, 160–165 kg cm^? 2 pressure and 6–7% ethanol as modifier for maximum extract yield (12.31%), total phenols (2.156 mg GAE/100 mL), antioxidants (1.628 mg/mL) and total anthocyanins (1.176 mg/mL). Experimental values for response variables at these optimal conditions match well with the predicted values. Grape peel extracts obtained by SFE showed more than 93% DPPH radical scavenging activities.Industrial relevanceThis study describes the response surface optimization of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process for the enhanced recovery of total phenols, antioxidant and anthocyanins from grape peel. SFE uses CO₂ as supercritical fluid which is environment friendly solvent; allows extraction at lower temperature and the extracts obtained possess higher quality and safety. Industrially, it may be used as a promising technique for the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials.     

亚临界流体萃取技术提取柚皮精油的工艺优化

目的优化亚临界流体萃取技术提取柚皮精油的工艺条件。方法以萃取时间、料液比、夹带剂的添加量为考察因素,以精油的提取率为实验指标进行单因素及正交试验设计。结果亚临界流体技术萃取柚皮精油的最优的工艺条件是萃取时间40 min、料液比1:7(m:V)、夹带剂添加量0.6 mL/g,在此条件下,柚皮精油达到最高提取率,为1.35%。结论亚临界流体萃取技术提取柚皮精油是一种提取率比较高的方法。     

花椒精油亚临界流体萃取工艺优化及GC-MS分析

以甘肃武都大红袍花椒为原料,采用水蒸气蒸馏萃取法（SDE）及亚临界流体萃取法（SFE）提取花椒精油。以花椒精油得率为评价指标,采用单因素试验和正交试验优化SFE萃取工艺,并采用气质联用法（GC-MS）对比分析SDE和SFE花椒精油的香气成分。结果表明,最佳萃取工艺为：萃取3次、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间40 min、料液比1.0∶2.0(g∶mL)。在此优化条件下,SFE花椒精油得率为15.11%,为SDE精油得率的3.7倍。GC-MS分析结果表明,共检测出48种挥发性物质,包括烯烃类20种、酯类8种、醇类8种、醛类3种、芳香烃类2种、呋喃类2种、酮类2种、萜类1种、酸类1种和萘类1种。SDE和SFE分别检出37种、40种挥发性物质,两种提取方法所得精油的组成相似,SFE精油得率较SDE高且留香型持久,是提取花椒精油的有效提取方法。     

均匀设计法优化蜂胶水提除蜡工艺

采用蜂胶水提除蜡工艺去除粗蜂胶中的蜂蜡,并通过均匀设计法优化蜂胶水提除蜡工艺。实验结果表明,水提温度是影响蜂蜡得率和黄酮提取率的显著因素,而水提时间、液固比影响不显著。最佳工艺条件为水提温度70℃、水提时间30min、液固比6,此时蜂蜡得率较高,黄酮损失少。     

响应面法优化碱性水提取柑桔皮渣类黄酮工艺研究

试验使用氢氧化钠溶液调节纯水pH,得到pH为10的碱性水为提取溶剂,以热浸提方法提取柑桔皮渣中类黄酮。在单因素试验的基础上,利用三元二次旋转组合试验设计及响应面分析法,优化热浸提时间、温度及料液比,建立此3因素与类黄酮得率之间的数学模型。经试验确定碱性水提取柑桔皮渣中类黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:热浸提时间为2.2h、料液比为1:12(g/mL)、提取温度为64.6℃。在此最佳工艺条件下,类黄酮的得率为0.115%。     

Enhanced extraction of flavanones hesperidin and narirutin from Citrus unshiu peel using subcritical water

Flavanones including hesperidin and narirutin constitute the majority of the flavonoids that occur naturally in citrus fruits. The main purpose of this study was to extract valuable natural flavanones from agricultural by-products such as citrus peels using subcritical water extraction (SWE). Thus, the application of SWE to extraction of flavanones hesperidin and narirutin from Citrus unshiu peel was evaluated, and the effect of key operating conditions was determined by varying the extraction temperature (110–200 °C) and time (5–20 min) under high pressure (100 ± 10 atm). The maximum yields of hesperidin (72 ± 5 mg/g C. unshiu peel) and narirutin (11.7 ± 0.8 mg/g C. unshiu peel) were obtained at an extraction temperature of 160 °C for an extraction time of only 10 min. These yields accounted for approximately 99% of the total amount of these flavanones in the original material. The SWE was compared with three conventional extraction methods in terms of the extraction time and recovery yields for hesperidin and narirutin. The hesperidin yield by SWE was more than 1.9-, 3.2-, and 34.2-fold higher than those obtained by extraction methods using ethanol, methanol, or hot water, respectively, and the narirutin yield was more than 1.2-, 1.5-, and 3.7-fold higher.     

Optimization of extraction of phenolic compounds from wheat using response surface methodology

The optimum conditions for the extraction of crude phenolics from whole grain and bran of soft and hard wheat were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). A face-centered cubic design (FCD) was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables, namely solvent composition (%), extraction temperature (°C) and time (min) on the response, total antioxidant activity (TAA). The independent variables were coded at three levels and their actual values selected on the basis of preliminary experimental results. The FCD consisted of 14 experimental points and three replications at the center point. Data were analyzed using design expert and statistical analysis system software. A second-order polynomial model was used for predicting the response. Regression analysis showed that more than 89% of the variation was explained by the models. Canonical analysis of surface responses revealed that the stationary surface was a saddle. The optimal conditions forthe TAA obtained using ridge analysis were 54%, 61 °C, 64 min and 49%, 64 °C, 60 min, for whole grain and bran of soft wheat, respectively. Under the optimum conditions the corresponding predicted response values for TAA were 56.5 and 63 TE. The crude phenolics were extracted under optimum conditions to check the validity of the model. The values were 54.7 ± 3.2 and 61.3 ± 1.9 TE, for whole grain and bran of soft wheat, respectively; A similar trend was observed for TAA of hard wheat. The experimental values agreed with those predicted, thus indicating suitability of the model employed and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions.     

Optimization of subcritical fluid extraction of seed oil from Nitraria tangutorum using response surface methodology

Subcritical fluid extraction (SFE) technology was used to extract oil from Nitraria tangutorum seed. The best possible combination of extraction parameters was found using response surface methodology (RSM) in a three-variable, three-level Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD). The optimum extraction parameters were an extraction time of 40 min, an extraction pressure of 0.60 MPa, an extraction temperature of 44 °C and a raw material particle size of 0.45 mm. Conventional solvent extraction and supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction were comparatively used. The yield of seed oil obtained using SFE was 12.92%, which was similar to or higher than the other methods. The chemical compositions of the seed oil, determined by GC–MS, indicate that its unsaturated fatty acids content was 97%. SFE proved to be an effective technique for extracting oil from N. tangutorum.