钢闸门喷锌及涂料防腐蚀

钢闸门防腐处理是工程中经常碰到的技术问题,目前比较常用喷锌防护措施,本文从技术角度介绍有关的机理及施工方法。     

高喷灌浆技术在尼那水电站二期围堰工程中的应用

黄河尼那二期下游围堰及部分上游围堰采用高喷灌浆技术,成功地在夹河卵砾石中构筑了二期围堰防渗工程.在分析场地水文地质与工程地质条件的基础上,研究了围堰防渗工程的结构形式与工程布置,探讨了施工工艺和质量控制问题.     

高喷灌浆技术在尼那水电站二期围堰工程中的应用

黄河尼那二期下游围堰及部分上游围堰采用高喷灌浆技术,成功地在夹河卵砾石中构筑了二期围堰防渗工程。在分析场地水文地质与工程地质条件的基础上,研究了围堰防渗工程的结构形式与工程布置,探讨了施工工艺和质量控制问题。     

高喷灌浆技术在尼那水电站二期围堰工程中的应用

黄河尼那二期下游围堰及部分上游围堰采用高喷灌浆技术,成功地在夹河卵砾石中构筑了二期围堰防渗工程.在分析场地水文地质与工程地质条件的基础上,研究了围堰防渗工程的结构形式与工程布置,探讨了施工工艺和质量控制问题.     

炉内喷钙脱硫成套技术简介

喷钙脱硫成套技术经过原理研究，高效吸着剂研制、工艺技术过程的实验室开发和中试，经过２０ｔ／ｈ链条锅炉锅炉配套喷钙脱硫技术装置的工程示范，证明该工艺技术流程简单、脱硫效果显著、运行可靠，是非常适用于工业锅炉、乃对大容量电站煤粉锅炉的低成本脱硫技术 。     

高压旋喷灌浆技术在舟坝电站围堰防渗处理中的应用

围堰是临时性的水工建筑物,用来围护永久建筑物的施工,在基坑排水后形成干地施工条件以保证永久建筑物施工顺利进行,在南方大江大河上修筑水利工程的施工围堰防渗,是一个既重要而又难以解决的问题。四川舟坝水电站工程大坝上、下游围堰、电站厂房纵向围堰的防渗处理,施工中采用了高压三重管旋喷水泥灌浆技术,取得了很好的效果。     

喷锚与沉井复合支护方案在某超深基坑支护中的应用

介绍南平某工程地质特点厦采用喷锚、沉井联合支护成功应用的实例,对今后应用提出建议.     

炉内喷钙脱硫技术的工业应用研究

介绍了两台10t/h链条炉配套的脱硫工程和测试结果,脱硫系统包括结合四角旋涡燃烧技术的炉内喷钙和尾部利用文丘里喷嘴和麻石水膜除尘器对脱硫剂加湿活化两部分。测试结果表明,引入四角旋涡二次风技术可以在不影响锅炉运行的情况下明显改善脱硫剂在炉膛内的混合煅烧,有利于提高炉内脱硫效率,利用文丘里水喷嘴和除尘器,对未反应的氧化钙颗粒进行活化,提高脱硫反应速度,事以在较低钙与硫比下实现较高脱硫效率。对原配有文丘里水喷嘴和麻石水膜除尘器的工业锅炉进行脱硫环保改造时,炉膛喷钙尾部增湿活化脱硫技术具有明显的技术经济优势。     

三峡水利枢纽永久船闸上航道高边坡喷锚支护技术

高边坡喷锚支护由于其高差大，面积广，且往往受开挖爆破作业限制，应合理安排施工顺序。施工过程中，边坡整修、锚杆安装、挂网配料喷射以及排水系统设置等均应采取适当的技术措施，确保工程进度和质量。     

喷钙脱硫技术对锅炉运行特性影响的研究

环境问题已成为当今社会日益关注的问题。喷钙脱硫技术是国内外公认的一种经济适用的烟气脱硫技术 ,该技术适用于各种不同容量的电站锅炉及工业锅炉     

蒸汽喷射泵的(火用)分析

介绍了蒸汽喷射泵的结构和性能,分析了几种不同的评价方法,并且试用的分析方法,构造出该装置的流图并进行装置的热力经济性分析,在该装置的性能分析计算中尚属首次,该方法简洁、直观、结论正确,最后以某电厂的具体工程运行中的装置为例,对其性能进行了分析,并且比较了改造前的换热器系统性能,为热力系统中的设备、装置的选用提供了理论和现实的依据和实例。     

湿喷钢纤维混凝土在拉西瓦水电站

喷钢纤维混凝土是在普通混凝土中掺入适量的钢纤维．依靠压缩空气将钢纤维混凝土高速连续地喷射到岩而,钢纤维混凝土与围岩密贴为整体,使围岩成为隧洞承载结构的主体。在地下工程中,可代替挂钢筋网喷混凝土支护。介绍了湿喷钢纤维混凝土在拉西瓦水电站地下工程巾的应用,以及湿喷钢纤维混凝土的特性、配合比设计、施工工艺等。     

锥形布风板喷动流化床煤气化技术及其应用

介绍了锥形布风板喷动流化床煤气化炉的系统装置和气化工艺流程 ,对喷动流化床气化及灰熔聚排渣原理作了简要介绍。在气化炉运行阶段 ,测量了煤气发生炉内炉膛温度沿高度的分布 ,研究了床层温度随流化风量和中心喷动风量的变化规律以及煤气成分和碳转化率随床温的变化规律。实验证明 ,以空气和水蒸气为气化剂的煤气发生炉 ,其适宜的气化床温在 960 980℃的范围内     

拱坝挑流坎消能特性数值模拟研究

针对尚甘尼拱坝挑流消能的问题,传统的水工模型试验方法受成本影响,其试验方案数量有限.为此,采用Flow-3D流体计算软件,基于RNG κ-ε湍流模型及VOF方法,建立了拱坝挑流消能计算模型,同时,结合物理模型试验结果,率定模型参数.在此基础上,对不同工况挑流坎泄流进行了三维数值计算,通过分析挑流水舌流态及挑射距离、下游...     

Heat and mass transfer induced by the ignition of single gel propellant droplets

This experimental research studies the gas-phase ignition of single droplets of several gel propellant compositions based on ethyl alcohol with a gellant, liquid and fine solid combustible components. Droplets 2 mm in diameter were located on a holder and heated in a muffle furnace at a temperature ranging from 873 to 1073 K. A software and hardware system of high-speed video recording (4200 frames per second at full resolution) allowed the analysis of consistent patterns in the physical and chemical processes occurring during the induction period. For the compositions under study, we determined the threshold conditions (minimum ambient temperature of 873–943 K) required for the gel propellant ignition as well as the dependences of the ignition delay times versus air temperature. The ignition delay times range from 0.1 to 3.3 s. If the ignition does not start within this period, it will not occur after a longer heating time, since the propellant droplets evaporate completely. For the first time, using the shadow methods, we analyze the characteristics of vapor jetting during the induction period as a result of microexplosions caused by the differences in the boiling points of fuel components. The average vapor jetting speed is about 3 m/s. The size of the zones, in which the vapors slow down to zero, ranges from 6 to 8 mm. We determine the consistent patterns of changes in the diameter of the sphere-shaped gas-vapor envelope around the propellant droplet at the moment of ignition at different ambient temperatures. The higher the temperature, the higher the intensity of physical and chemical processes. This shortens the ignition delay times. At relatively high air temperatures (over 1050 K), the diameter of the flammable gas-vapor envelope around the propellant droplet at the moment of ignition is three times smaller than this value at the near-threshold ignition conditions, when the diameter of the fuel vapor envelope is about 9 mm (more than four typical initial droplet diameters). The results obtained helped us formulate a physical model of the process, which may serve as the basis for the development of a mathematical model simulating the ignition of gel propellant droplets under rapid heating. Such a mathematical model will make it possible to reliably forecast the characteristics of the process in a wide variation range of propellant properties, droplet configurations and parameters of the heating source.     

喷动流化床煤气化试验研究

以空气和水蒸汽为气化剂，在一内径为60mm的V型布风板喷动流化床工业煤气炉内对动力烟煤的气化进行了系统的试验研究，考察了V型布风板床料的流化特性，研究了操作参数对气化过程的影响，测量了煤气成分沿床高和径向的变化，分析了影响煤气成分和热值的有关因素，提出了合理的运行条件和参数，研究结果对工业装置的放大设计，改造现有燃烧设备并降低对环境的污污具有指导意义。     

侧向挑入消力池的岸边溢洪道水力特性研究

针对岸边溢洪道从侧面挑入与其平行布置的已有消力池来消能的布置形式,采用数值模拟方法研究了高程和流量对挑坎(а=45°)及消力池水力特性的影响。结果表明,随着泄流量逐渐增大,挑坎内最大水深、最大压力及消力池最大压力均逐渐增大,挑流水舌入水长度与纵向入水长度均逐渐增大;随着挑坎与消力池高差的减小,挑坎最大水深和最大压力均逐渐增大,而消力池最大压力变化较小。拟合得挑坎最大水深和最大压力的定量计算公式,从而为该型岸边挑坎的工程设计提供了参考。     

Jet characteristics from a submerged combustion system

The characteristics of a combustor operating under submerged conditions are affected by the two phase interaction of exhaust gas jet from the combustor with surrounding liquid. The characteristics of combustion gases are simulated with air and helium to represent combustor operation under different conditions. The exhaust gas signatures under submerged conditions are examined using different nozzle exit cross-sections (circular, square, triangular and elliptical with aspect ratio of 1.5 and 2.5) for their effect on sound pressure levels and pressure fluctuations in the combustion chamber. High-speed cinematography is used to examine the two-phase region and the associated instabilities by the gas jet. Dynamic pressure sensor is used to study the effect of submerged jet on the pressure fluctuations in the upstream gas chamber. The sound pressure level from the elliptical nozzle is found to be lower than the circular, square and triangular nozzles. The frequency of jet instabilities is observed to increase with increase in gas jet momentum but independent of nozzle exit cross-section. The pressure fluctuation in the gas chamber is closely coupled with two phase instabilities downstream of the jet region. At lower jet momentum bubbling regime is present but it transitions to more jet like behavior with increase in the jet momentum, representing deep water and shallow water propulsion applications, respectively. These studies provide valuable fundamental information for range of applications in energy systems extending from underwater propulsion, evaporator, heater, desalination and waste water treatment.     

Unerroric of control of mutual compliance of the efficiency of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles in the conditions of mass production

The issues related to the reliability of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles and increasing the efficiency of using hydrogen as fuel when using the method of its production during the decomposition of hydrogen-containing molecules of liquid-phase organic compounds in a plasma discharge under the action of intense ultrasonic exposure are considered. Experiments have shown that as a result of decomposition in the acoustoplasma discharge of liquid hydrocarbons, solid-phase carbon-containing products are formed, chemical transformations occur in the liquid phase and hydrogen-containing combustible gas is formed. Hydrogen-containing gas can be used as fuel immediately after synthesis, i.e. it does not require separation, since in addition to hydrogen it contains only impurities of CO₂ and water vapor. The purpose of the study is to formalize the basic conditions for tightening the control of mutual compliance with the efficiency of hydrogen engines of the same series in the conditions of their mass production. Methods of mathematical statistics and hardware-software modeling were used in the study. The term “unerroric of quality mutual compliance control” is introduced to describe a set of hardware and software tools for such control. The principle of in-depth testing of the technical condition of such engines of one series is described in a multidimensional formulation of the quality control problem for three of their operating parameters at once. The conditions for increasing the mutual correspondence of the measured values of such parameters in the conditions of serial production of hydrogen engines are formalized.     

小型锅炉烟尘测试时锅炉出力的计算

锅炉烟尘测试时,必须对锅炉出力进行测试。但监测中,许多小型锅炉往往不具备相关的计量装置和仪表,为解决这一问题,文章提出了用烟气量和空气过剩系数来计算锅炉的出力的公式,在实际使用中,该方法简单易行,其结果和实测值具有很好的一致怀。