改性双组分丙烯酸酯压敏胶黏剂的合成

本文采用溶液聚合的方法[1],以丙烯酸酯和聚氨酯101-乙组分为原料,合成了玻璃化温度为-48℃的溶液型丙烯酸酯压敏胶黏剂。讨论了单体组成以及单体中丙烯酸羟乙酯与固化剂的比例大小等因素对胶黏剂性能的影响。结果表明,当丙烯酸羟乙酯与固化剂比例为2∶1,反应温度75±2℃,滴加单体时间3 h,聚合反应时间6 h,压敏胶性能良好。     

复合薄膜用双组分水性聚丙烯酸酯型聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备

丙烯酸酯型双组分水性聚氨酯胶黏剂以其性能优异、抗老化、无毒无污染、低成本等优势而成为复合薄膜用胶黏剂的发展方向之一。利用丙烯酸酯类单体通过预乳化法合成了聚丙烯酸酯乳液为主剂、以水溶性多异氰酸酯为固化剂的丙烯酸酯型双组分复合薄膜用水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。讨论了功能性单体丙烯酸-B-羟乙酯（HEA）对丙烯酸酯乳液的黏度、胶膜吸水性及胶黏剂T剥离强度等性能的影响。结果表明：当HEA含量为0．64％时胶黏剂性能较好。     

LCD用UV固化胶黏剂的研制

以聚酯多元醇、二异氰酸酯和丙烯酸羟乙酯为原料,合成聚氨酯丙烯酸预聚体,并在此基础上通过添加活性稀释单体、光引发剂等配制成UV固化胶黏剂。通过分析不同组分在LCD液晶灌注口密封及金属管脚固定的粘接性能影响,确定合成预聚体所需的聚酯多元醇种类及丙烯酸羟乙酯的合适用量,同时确定配胶所需活性稀释单体与光引发剂的合适用量。最后制得粘接性能好、耐候性能佳,可满足LCD产品生产工艺的性能要求的UV固化胶黏剂。     

丙烯酸酯无皂乳液合成及其在涂料染色中的应用

实验以无皂乳液聚合法合成聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液胶黏剂,以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)为交联单体,进行了无皂乳液共聚的研究,得到性能较好的乳液,确定了最优合成方案.将合成出的聚丙烯酸酯乳液应用于织物上,对织物的性能的影响作了一定的探讨.实验结果表明:引发剂过硫酸铵(APS...     

公路路面超薄石脂面层胶黏剂拉伸性能及影响机理

超薄石脂面层具有轻薄、抗滑、施工效率高等特性,在路面铺装中已得到广泛应用.通过配合比试验制备了用于公路路面超薄石脂面层铺装的胶黏剂,通过树脂浇铸体拉伸试验研究了不同种类、不同用量的增韧剂、稀释剂和固化剂对胶黏剂拉伸性能的影响,并通过SEM和FTIR试验,探讨了各添加剂对拉伸性能的影响机理.结果表明:超薄石脂面层胶黏剂中A组分(环氧树脂及改性剂)最佳配比为:环氧树脂E-51:环氧树脂E-44:增韧剂F1:稀释剂D1:阻燃剂=50:50:20:10:8,B组分(固化剂及改性剂)最佳配比为:固化剂H1:促进剂:偶联剂=70:10:2;随增韧剂或稀释剂含量的增加,试件抗拉强度先升高后降低,弹性模量持续降低,断裂伸长率则不断升高;胶黏剂固化物抗拉强度为21.83 MPa,拉伸弹性模量为0.47 GPa,断裂伸长率为38.24％;增韧剂中聚氨酯与环氧树脂相互缠绕、贯穿成网络结构,出现互穿包容效应,起到增韧作用,稀释剂通过降低胶黏剂的交联密度来增进延展性,固化剂中氨基与环氧基发生固化反应.     

醋酸乙烯酯-大豆蛋白接枝共聚乳液胶黏剂的研制

以尿素和亚硫酸钠改性大豆蛋白,与醋酸乙烯酯等复合单体在过硫酸铵引发下进行接枝共聚,合成了性能较好的醋酸乙烯酯-大豆蛋白接枝共聚乳液胶黏剂,降低了原料成本.研究了不同反应条件对乳液胶黏剂性能的影响,优化的反应条件是以聚乙烯醇作保护胶体,采用半连续乳液聚合工艺,复合单体与大豆蛋白比例为3.0:1,引发剂用量1.2%(占单体质量),反应温度控制在70～75℃,共聚时间4.5h,制备的乳液胶黏剂具有最大剪切强度和良好综合性能.     

磷酸盐基耐高温胶黏剂的研制

磷酸盐基具有固化温度低,剪切强度高,电性能和耐热性能优异等特点.随着航空航天事业的发展现有的胶粘体系无法满足某些粘接部件对力学性能的要求以及对透波性能的要求.为满足航空航天的粘接需求,采用磷酸二氢铝为主成分,以氧化锌和氧化镁为固化剂,氧化锆和二氧化硅等为填料,制备了一种可以在160℃固化耐高温1500℃的胶黏剂,并研究了胶黏剂各组分对剪切强度的影响.研究表明这种胶黏剂可以用于陶瓷的修补以及耐高温复合材料的制备.     

顺-苯(M-S)型自交联乳液胶黏剂的研制

以顺丁烯二酸二丁酯 (马来酸双丁酯 )与苯乙烯为主单体 ,引入交联单体 ,采用核壳乳液聚合研制了自交联乳液胶黏剂 ,讨论了组成对胶黏剂性能的影响。     

亚胺改性环氧树脂胶黏剂的研究

采用端羧基亚胺中间体对环氧树脂进行改性,用芳香胺做固化剂,制备了亚胺改性环氧树脂胶黏剂.研究了端羧基亚胺中间体的种类及用量、固化剂种类及用量、固化条件等因素对胶黏剂性能的影响.结果表明,采用分子中含有砜基的亚胺中间体对环氧进行改性、用DDS做固化剂制得的胶黏剂的性能最好.亚胺中间体用量为60phr～70phr、固化剂用量控制在固化剂活泼-H/环氧基为0.6～0.7时,胶黏剂的综合性能较好.适合该胶黏剂的固化条件为200℃/2h 220℃/4h.     

室温固化耐高温环氧树脂固化剂的研究

合成了一种曼尼希碱型室温固化环氧树脂固化剂,并对它的性能进行了考察,研究了POSS对环氧树脂固化行为、耐热性能、力学性能的影响。结果表明,POSS改性的环氧树脂胶黏剂有更高的耐热性;胶黏剂在100℃左右,放热量最大,反应最为剧烈;热失重随着固化剂含量的增加而提高,但是固化剂的含量对胶黏剂稳定性的影响不大;环氧树脂与固化剂的最佳配比为100∶10。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.