颗粒增强铝基复合材料时效析出行为研究

时效是提高金属基复合材料力学性能和增强材料稳定性的重要方法,颗粒增强铝基复合材料的时效带来的强化效果有时甚至大于颗粒添加带来的弥散增强效果,深入研究时效析出行为对改进热处理工艺和复合材料的优化设计有至关重要的指导性作用.在当前开展的颗粒增强铝基复合材料时效行为研究的基础上,从时效机理出发,重点分析了基体、颗粒增强体、热处理工艺及加工工艺等对陶瓷颗粒增强铝基复合材料时效析出的影响,评述了当前主要采用的几种颗粒增强铝基复合材料时效析出行为的研究方法,展望了未来颗粒增强铝基复合材料时效行为可能的研究方向.     

不同颗粒度SiC增强铝基复合材料的切削加工性能与适用刀具

铝基复合材料中增强粒子的大小对复合材料的切削加工性能影响极大，本文研究了不同颗粒度碳化硅颗粒对铝基复合材料切削加工性能的影响。并分析了不同颗粒度碳化硅增强铝基复合材料所适用的刀具。探讨了切削刀具对不同大小颗粒碳化硅增强铝基复合材料的切削机理     

不同颗粒度SiC增强铝基复合材料的切削加工性能与适用刀具

铝基复合材料中增强粒子的大小对复合材料的切削加工性能影响极大，本文研究了不同颗粒度碳化硅颗粒对铝基复合材料切削加工性能的影响，并分析了不同颗粒度碳化硅增强铝基复合材料所适用的刀具，探讨了刀具对不同大小颗粒碳化硅增强铝基复合材料的切削机理。     

导热铝合金及铝基复合材料的研究进展

铝合金具有密度小、强度高、导电导热性好及加工简单等优点,基于这些综合性能的优势,其作为结构和散热材料广泛应用于汽车、电子及通讯等领域.然而随着系统及设备向着集成化、小型化、轻量化及高功率等方向发展,以铝为主体的金属材料的散热面临着严峻挑战.本文综述了国内外高导热铝合金及铝基复合材料的研究与开发现状,阐述了铝合金的导热机理以及合金成分和加工工艺等对铝合金导热性能的影响规律,分析了高硅铝、铝-碳化硅、铝-金刚石、铝-石墨片/碳纳米管等系列铝基复合材料的导热特性,展望了高导热铝合金及铝基复合材料研究存在的问题及未来的发展方向.     

导热铝合金及铝基复合材料的研究进展

铝合金具有密度小、强度高、导电导热性好及加工简单等优点,基于这些综合性能的优势,其作为结构和散热材料广泛应用于汽车、电子及通讯等领域。然而随着系统及设备向着集成化、小型化、轻量化及高功率等方向发展,以铝为主体的金属材料的散热面临着严峻挑战。本文综述了国内外高导热铝合金及铝基复合材料的研究与开发现状,阐述了铝合金的导热机理以及合金成分和加工工艺等对铝合金导热性能的影响规律,分析了高硅铝、铝-碳化硅、铝-金刚石、铝-石墨片/碳纳米管等系列铝基复合材料的导热特性,展望了高导热铝合金及铝基复合材料研究存在的问题及未来的发展方向。     

高性能铝基复合材料的设计与加工技术

从铝基复合材料微观结构特征与性能关系角度,回顾了承载结构用典型铝基复合材料在体系设计、制备与成型加工研究方面的成果与进展,同时简要介绍了近期铝基复合材料为实现性能突破所开展的研究探索,最后根据铝基复合材料的发展历程与现有研究的特点对铝基复合材料今后的研究应用进行了展望。     

搅拌摩擦加工制备颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究现状及展望

铝合金作为现代工程和高新技术领域发展的关键材料之一,具有密度小、比强度和比刚度高、耐蚀性好等特点。通过在铝基体中添加增强相颗粒,制备得到的颗粒增强铝基复合材料既有铝合金良好的强度、韧性、易成形性等特点,又有颗粒的高强、高模等优点,是近年来应用最广的一类金属基复合材料。 目前,制备铝基复合材料的方法主要有粉末冶金法、铸造以及超声波法等,但这些方法在制备过程中需要较高的温度,颗粒与金属基体容易发生不良的界面反应,从而影响界面结合效果,降低复合材料的性能。搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)作为一种新型的固相加工技术,可同时实现材料微观组织的细化、致密化和均匀化。目前,FSP直接法已在铝基复合材料制备方面取得应用,主要是将增强相颗粒通过打盲孔或开槽的方式预置在金属基体内再进行FSP,进而制备出高致密度的颗粒增强铝基复合材料。因为FSP过程的温度低,颗粒与铝基体不会发生界面反应,所以该方法也被用于制备具有形状记忆效应(SME)的铝基功能复合材料。 近年研究结果表明,颗粒相对FSP制备的铝基复合材料晶粒细化起到显著作用,这有助于提高复合材料的拉伸强度、显微硬度及疲劳强度等力学性能。随着颗粒含量的增加和颗粒尺寸的减小,复合材料的力学性能得以增强。再者,减小颗粒尺寸有利于改善颗粒与基体之间的结合。另外,通过优化搅拌头的结构、形状和尺寸,以及FSP工艺参数,已经可以实现加工后颗粒相在基体中的均匀分布。 鉴于搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)直接法在制备颗粒增强铝基复合材料方面所具备的短流程、高效能以及基体与增强相颗粒界面无杂质等优势,本文对目前FSP直接法制备颗粒增强铝基复合材料的最新研究现状进行了总结。主要综述了FSP制备颗粒增强铝基复合材料过程中颗粒的含量、类型及尺寸对复合材料组织与力学性能的影响,并对颗粒分布均匀性以及颗粒与铝基体的界面问题做了阐述。文章最后深入分析了当前研究中的不足之处并展望了未来的研究方向。     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料强韧化机制的研究新进展

轻质高强高韧铝基复合材料已成为汽车、航空航天及5G通讯等领域轻量化发展的重要基础材料之一.但高强度与高韧性不兼备以及加工成形性差成为限制其发展的瓶颈,铝基复合材料的强韧化成为近年来的研究热点.本文综述了颗粒增强铝基复合材料力学性能的主要影响因素以及强韧化机制方面的最新研究进展,特别是关于增强颗粒的构型化设计对高性能铝基复合材料强韧性的重要影响,以及非均匀材料中的异质变形诱导(HDI)强化新机制,并展望了其未来研究和发展趋势,为开发高性能的铝基复合材料提供理论指导.     

大塑性变形制备铝、镁基颗粒增强复合材料的研究进展

综述了目前大塑性变形(SPD)制备铝、镁基颗粒增强复合材料工艺的研究进展;总结了在SPD过程中复合材料增强颗粒的细化、再分布及基体合金晶粒的超细化等组织演变特点;分析了经SPD加工后铝、镁基颗粒增强复合材料的强韧化机制以及其力学性能的提升空间。最后指出了SPD制备颗粒增强复合材料尚存在的问题及可能的发展方向。     

高性能铝基复合材料研究进展EI北大核心

自1960年代以来,全球持续开展了铝基复合材料研究,研发了损伤容限型、耐蚀型、高强型、耐热型、低膨胀型等一系列高性能铝基复合材料。这些复合材料已应用于航空、航天、电子和交通领域。然而,与传统金属材料和树脂基复合材料相比,目前高性能铝基复合材料的应用市场仍然很小。本文综述了高性能铝基复合材料在增强体、铝基体、制备方法、组织、性能和应用等方面的进展,讨论了在原材料、工程化、质量稳定性、性能数据、成本、应用和材料研制等方面存在的问题,从应用基体研究、材料研制、工程化、应用等方面展望了未来发展方向。高性能铝基复合材料的未来发展方向包括提升原材料质量、改善工艺稳定性、降低成本、加强工程化、扩大应用、探索增材制造+模锻技术及研制新一代纳米增强和纳米/微米混杂增强铝基复合材料。     

面向数控加工工时估算的模型特征识别

利用数控加工结构件的特征具有层次分布式特点,提出了基于面邻接关系的特征识别方法,将零件的面先分成基础面和约束面,再根据凹凸邻接关系组合为相应的层集合,以层作为特征识别的基础,通过层的识别和组合获得数控加工结构件的特征,并提取相关特征参数信息,结合机床的加工参数,对零件加工工时进行了估算,并进行了实例验证。     

Computer-aided optimization of multi-pass turning operations for continuous forms on CNC lathes

The Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine is one of the most effective production facilities used in manufacturing industry. Determining the optimal machining parameters is essential in the machining process planning since the machining parameters significantly affect production cost and quality of machined parts. Previous studies involving machining optimization of turning operations concentrated primarily on developing machining models for bar components. Machined parts on the CNC lathes, however, typically have continuous forms. In this study, we formulate an optimization model for turned parts with continuous forms. Also, a stochastic optimization method based on the simulated annealing algorithm and the pattern search is applied to solve this machining optimization problem. Finally, the applications of the developed machining model and the proposed optimization algorithm are established through the numerical examples.     

Comparative study of jetting machining technologies over laser machining technology for cutting composite materials

There has been a great interest for improving the machining of composite materials in the aerospace and other industries. This paper focuses on the comparative study of jetting techniques and laser machining technics. This paper concentrates on the machining of composite materials like epoxy pre-impregnated graphite woven fabric and fibre reinforced plastic materials that are used in aerospace industries. While considering machining these materials with the traditional machining there are many disadvantages projected. One of these advantages is that all the traditional machining processes involve the dissipation of heat into the workpiece. This serious shortcoming has been dealt by the jetting technologies, which, contrary to the traditional machining, operate under cold conditions. The two methods in the jetting technologies used for processing materials are water jet machining and abrasive water jet machining. The first of these, water jet machining, has been around for the past 20 years and has paved the way for abrasive water jet technology. Water jet machining and abrasive water jet machining have been used for processing composite materials because of the advantages offered by this technologies as compared to traditional techniques of processing. The high surface and structural integrity required of any technique used for processing composite materials has created an opportunity for abrasive water jet machining. Cutting of composites using laser is also an option, and experiments were also conducted to reveal the extent of using laser technique.     

Investigating the effect of machining processes on the mechanical behavior of composite plates with circular holes

The influence of the machining quality on the mechanical behavior of CFRP composites is yet not fully understood. There are only few works in the literature that have investigated the effect of the machining quality on CFRP. In fact, most of these works focus only on conventional machining such as axial or orbital drilling. The aim of this paper is to examine the influence of two machining processes namely conventional machining (CM) and abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) on the mechanical behavior of composite plates under cyclic loading. For this purpose, an experimental study using several composite plates drilled with a cutting tool and an abrasive water jet machining was carried out. In order to study the impact of the process of machining on the mechanical behavior, thermographic infrared testing and fatigue cyclic tests were performed to assess temperature evolutions, stiffness degradation, and the damage evolution in these plates. Fatigue testing results have shown that the damage accumulation in specimens drilled with CM process was higher than the AWJM specimens. Furthermore, the endurance limit for a composite plate drilled with CM was approximately 10% inferior compared to specimens drilled with AWJM. This difference can be related to the initial surface integrity after machining induced by the difference in the mechanism of material’s removal between the two processes used.     

Controlling the material removal and roughness of Inconel 718 in laser machining

Nickel alloys including Inconel 718 are considered as challenging materials for machining. Laser beam machining could be a promising choice to deal with such materials for simple to complex machining features. The machining accuracy is mainly dependent on the rate of material removal per laser scan. Because of the involvement of many laser parameters and complexity of the machining mechanism it is not always simple to achieve machining with desired accuracy. Actual machining depth extremely varies from very low to aggressively high values with reference to the designed depth. Thus, a research is needed to be carried out to control the process parameters to get actual material removal rate (MRR_act) equals to the theoretical material removal rate (MRR_th) with minimum surface roughness (SR) of the machined surfaces. In this study, five important laser parameters have been used to investigate their effects on MRR and SR. Statistical analysis are performed to identify the significant parameters with their strength of effects. Mathematical models have been developed and validated to predict the machining responses. Optimal set of laser parameters have also been proposed and confirmed to achieve the actual MRR close to the designed MRR (MRR_% = 100.1%) with minimum surface roughness (R_a = 2.67 µm).     

自由曲面的CNC直接插补加工技术

在ＣＮＣ系统上直接根据曲面几何定义与加工工艺参数对多轴贡面加工的连续运动轨迹进行实时插补控制，在ＣＮＣ上直接在ＡＰＴ高级语言编程，极大地科化了零件程序，并可在线修改与补偿机床运动结构、刀具形状尺寸及加工作量等工艺参数，使曲在线曲面精加工经济而高效。在单ＣＰＵ硬件环境下实现了从一般二次曲线到复杂的参数组合曲面，从两轴加工到复杂的五轴联动功能，可采用多种加工刀具与加工方式，可实时检测与处理刀具干涉，并     

Fabrication and machining of ceramic composites — A review on current scenario

Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are the best-suited material for various engineering application due to their superior properties. The different processing methods involved in the fabrication and machining of these CMCs are a center for attraction to researchers and industrial society. This review article primarily focuses on the development of different processing methods and machining methods for ceramic matrix composites since the last few years. Out of these fabrication methods, powder metallurgy emerged as a most promising and cost-effective technique. In addition, electric discharge machining (EDM) has proved to be time saving, cost effective, and capable of machining complex shapes in composites. At the end, challenges in the processing and machining of ceramic matrix composites have been identified from the literature, and further benefits of microwave sintering and electric discharge machining of materials have been addressed in the paper.     

基于多元半参数回归建模的机械加工过程误差分析

机械加工过程的误差分析对于消减误差源、提升工序质量具有重要的实际指导意义．研究者们尝试了多种误差分析方法用于获得误差源对加工质量的作用规律,然而由于加工误差的复杂性,各有局限性．本文则根据工程经验和数学推导建立了用于一般机械加工过程误差分析的多元半参数回归模型,基于测量数据详细讨论了所建立模型的参数估计和非参数规律辨识问题．仿真实例证明,与现有方法相比,本文所提方法能够准确估计上游工序传递误差,有效辨识当前工序系统误差的作用规律,研究成果为一般机械加工过程的误差分析奠定了基础．     

Optimization of ultrasonic machining for fabricating square holes using the Taguchi methods

Abstract

One of the solutions for making quality molded plastic products is to adopt post-machining to avoid the warpage problem. Considering many traditional and non-traditional machining techniques, we have suggested that ultrasonic machining may be suitable for fabricating square holes in plastics. Because many factors are involved in ultrasonic machining, the objective of this research was to find the optimal conditions for ultrasonic machining by the Taguchi methods. The plastic material utilized in the study was PMMA, and there were two quality characteristics adopted for the experiment. One was the area deviation percentage (ADP) of square holes created by ultrasonic machining, and the other was the average thrust force during the machining process. Four factors, which were tool material, tool type, abrasive, and feed rate were considered in the experiment. The optimal conditions for ultrasonic machining to minimize ADPs and to reduce the average thrust force, respectively, are reported in the paper. These conditions can be applied to machine PMMA using ultrasonic machining in future applications.     

飞机结构件加工域单元分层识别及构造方法

加工域的自动识别是自动数控加工编程的关键技术之一。为实现飞机结构件自动数控加工程序编制过程中工序件加工域的自动识别,建立了加工域模型,提出了一种实用、可行的域元分层识别方法。首先,根据工序件构建分层面,截切零件和毛坯;其次,依据层交结果构建层域元轮廓,生成层域元;然后,建立规则合并层域元生成域元;最后,通过匹配域元间纵向关系,构建域元树状模型。通过对飞机结构件的测试,证明了该方法的有效性和实用性。