微晶玻璃的着色工艺及其研制

通过以CaO—Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃为基础组成，研究了着色剂含量及不同种类氧化物对该系统微晶玻璃装饰板颜色的影响，并对其着色机理及研制工艺进行了探讨和总结，得出一些经验和体会，还针对生产中容易出现的问题提出了相应的改进建议与措施。     

铜红釉的仿制及着色机理研究（一）

用自制一氧化碳发生炉提供的还原气氛，在管式炉中仿制了铜红釉试片。对这些试片的表现颜色与ＣｕＯ、ＳｎＯ２含量及还原气氛下烧成工艺制度之间的关系进行了探讨，测试了试片的反射曲线。     

碱金属氧化物引入量对MgO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃结构及其化学增强效果的影响

采用K2 O、Li2 O取代玻璃中的Na2 O,通过"熔融-整体析晶"法制备了MgO-Al2 O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃,并于450℃的KNO3熔盐中强化6 h.运用DSC、XRD、表面应力测试仪、显微硬度仪等测试方法和仪器,研究碱金属氧化物引入量对微晶玻璃微观结构和离子交换工艺的影响.研究结果表明:750℃晶化处理之后,含4wt％K2 O的微晶玻璃样品与不含K2 O样品相比,离子交换后表面应力深度由19.78μm提高至42.21μm,但表面应力却由786.34 MPa降低至580.57 MPa,玻璃硬度由762.10 Hv降至694.12 Hv;含有1wt％K2 O及1wt％Li2 O的微晶玻璃样品,离子交换后应力深度为19.56μm,应力大小为779.71 MPa,与不含K2 O样品相近,但硬度较低,为745.80 Hv.     

截止吸收型颜色玻璃的着色技术

研究了着色剂加入量对玻璃着色的影响和着色剂配比、热处理条件等对玻璃光截止吸收性能的影响。结果表明,着色剂Se加入的质量分数为0 6%左右,着色剂CdS加入的质量分数为0 6%～1 0%时,能制备出着色均匀的颜色玻璃;玻璃的光截止吸收性能主要取决于Se与CdS质量比和热处理条件;采用光谱纯着色剂可以明显提高玻璃的光透过效率。     

着色玻璃的颜色测量与控制

介绍了着色玻璃颜色测量的基本原理，颜色测量仪器及着色玻璃颜色控制过程，有效控制着色玻璃不同颜色的快速转换及同一色调玻璃颜色的稳定。     

浅谈硒粉着色的影响因素

本文通过原料组成、玻璃组成、配合料料性和配料参数及窑炉温度、气氛等在实验炉上进行了一系列的实验和生产实践,研讨了硒粉着色玻璃的影响因素,提出了硒粉着色玻璃生产控制中需要关注的问题。     

玻璃熔窑用熔铸氧化铝耐火制品的着色解决途径

讨论了熔铸氧化铝耐火制品产生颜色的主要元素及着色原理,认为杂质铬、铁、钛等为其主要着色元素,并提出了生产优质电熔氧化铝耐火制品的两条有效途径。     

陶瓷颜料的颜色调配

依照陶瓷颜料的呈色原理及颜色光学的基本理论,探讨几种陶瓷颜料混合后颜色的反射曲线的形成,以此作为颜料颜色调配的依据,从而提高颜色调配的准确性。     

Superficial colouring of lead crystal glass by sol–gel coatings

Sol–gel silver containing coatings have been prepared and applied upon lead crystal glass. Both undoped and arsenic oxide-doped lead crystal glasses have been used as substrates. Arsenic oxide was introduced with different percentages as a thermoreducing agent, with the aim to favour silver ions reduction and aggregation to form nanosized colloids. Such silver colloids yielded a superficial yellow ruby colouring, due to their known surface plasmon resonance band in the visible range (∼420 nm). The influence of the experimental parameters to obtain yellow ruby colouring (percentage of arsenic oxide in the lead crystal base glass; silver content of the coatings precursor sol; coating thickness; atmosphere, temperature and time for thermal densification; etc.) were investigated. Samples were studied by transmission electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy (absorption and transmission). Colour co-ordinates, dominant wavelength and colour purity percentage were calculated from the corresponding transmission visible spectra. The role of the thermoreducing dopant (arsenic oxide) is essential for obtaining superficial yellow colouring. The higher the percentage of arsenic oxide, the higher is the intensity of the yellow colouring. When the silver content of sols increased, the same tendency is observed. Thermal densification of the sol–gel coatings have to be carried out under oxidising atmosphere, since heat-treatments performed under reducing atmosphere yielded grey-brownish colouring, due to reduction of the lead from the base glass. Optimum conditions for obtaining superficial yellow ruby colouring on lead crystal glass were selected.     

车门限位器用改性PA66的制备与性能

采用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混和注射成型方法制备了PA66/玻璃纤维/PTFE/石墨复合材料。研究了减摩剂添加量对复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响。通过持久性台架试验表明,100000次开关门循环试验后力矩降低≤50%,满足限位器的要求。     

Fracture mechanism in hardening glass

A principal model of fracture in sheet glass subjected to hardening was developed on the basis of the theory of L. M. Kachanov. A criterion of fracture in hardening glass acting in a wide range of process parameters is suggested.     

影响玻璃性质的几种因素分析

1引言 所谓玻璃的性质,是指玻璃受外部作用后,所表现出的一系列变化或响应.如力学性质(强度、硬度、弹性模量等),电学性质(电阻率、介电常数等),热学性质(热膨胀系数、导热系数等),磁学性质(磁化率、反顺磁性等),光学性质(折射率、反射率、透光率等),玻璃密度等,这些统称为玻璃的物理性质.玻璃的耐化学侵蚀性,玻璃的发霉等现象,由于伴随着化学变化的产生,应该归属于玻璃的化学性质.微观上讲,玻璃的物理性质是玻璃受外部作用后,玻璃中的原子或电子所做出响应的集中统计性平均表现.因此受构成玻璃的原子种类、原子的排列方式、网络结构或化学键的形式的影响.这是影响玻璃性质的内部因素.玻璃的熔化、退火为影响玻璃性质的外部因素.