Hangzhou

Once an ancient capital of China, Hangzhou has transformed to a post-socialist city that faces profound changes and critical challenges in various aspects of urban development such as historical legacies, market-oriented urban economy, expansive urban spatial patterns, population management, land use restructuring, and affordable housing provision. Under the increasingly stronger market power, the city strives to reposition itself to be an important economic center in the Yangtze River Delta Region, through strategic and innovative urban growth agenda. This profile identifies some fundamental issues and processes that underscore Hangzhou’s recent urban development and presents future prospect for a coastal metropolis with regional significance.     

Macao

On 20 December 1999, Macao reverted from being a Portugal colony to being a special administrative region of China. In the past few years, Macao is one of the most successful cities in the world to attract tremendous investments. Once a seedy sideshow to nearby Hong Kong, Macao has surpassed Las Vegas to become the world’s No. 1 gambling market. This profile discusses the radical political transformations, the rapid economic growth, physical expansion and the consequent social and environmental challenges.     

乌鲁木齐跃进街街区历史文脉的保护

文章针对西部城市乌鲁木齐的地域特色,以具有历史文脉特色的跃进街街区为例,深入剖析该地域的历史文脉特征,并进行可持续发展的探讨和恩考,旨在寻求乌鲁木齐城市历史保护和传统文脉传承的现代城市建设发展之路。     

浅谈西部城市群空间结构发展研究——以成渝城市群为例

城市群在区域经济的竞争中扮演着越来越重要的角色,其发展已上升到国家宏观战略层面。西部大开发是未来中国经济发展的一个重要关键点,是中国未来十年甚至是几十年经济发展的高点。到目前为止,国内学者对长三角城市群、珠三角城市群和京津冀城市群的研究成果较多,而对西部城市群的研究相对较少。成渝城市群作为现阶段中国西部地区规模最大、发展基础最好的城市群,既是当前西部大开发的重点城市群,又是未来十年甚至是几十年我国经济重要的增长点。通过对比分析研究,该文拟从城市群空间结构的角度,分析成渝城市群的空间分布特征、存在的不足和城市群潜力,并找出优化城市群空间结构的对策。     

Seoul

Seoul is a major global city with a history of over 600 years. Its development trajectory, current status in the world economy, and challenges faced in socio-spatial dynamics present an excellent case in the study of cities, especially of the Asia–Pacific region. This profile outlines Seoul’s historical development, recent changes and contemporary conditions (in terms of its territory, economy, land and housing market, urbanisation policy, infrastructure development, social impact and culture), metropolitan planning, and future development.     

City profile: Wenzhou - A model city of transitional China

As the birthplace of China's private economy, Wenzhou is known as one of the three model cities of post-reform China, along with Suzhou and Dongguan. Wenzhou has experienced rapid development and is often taken as a paradigmatic case for the privatization and entrepreneurialization of urban China against the context of market-oriented reform and open-door experiments. Wenzhou has undergone a major social, economic, and spatial restructuring over the past four decades. In the last several years, however, Wenzhou has faced a number of challenges associated with slowing economic growth, difficulty in industrial upgrading, and decreasing attractiveness to highly-qualified employees and high-tech enterprises. This paper profiles the historical development of Wenzhou, particularly with regard to the aspects of economic and spatial restructuring, to interrogate the modality of its recent development and to seek answers to current dilemma. From a historical and cultural perspective, we argue that the key drivers underlying Wenzhou's development have been the bottom-up local initiatives and family-run enterprises, rather than top-down state promotion. In this vein, this study offers further understandings of urbanization against various contexts, in particular the state-oriented urbanization in China.     

从"城市肿块"到"绿色引擎"——以乌鲁木齐六道湾采煤塌陷区改造为例

资源耗竭、环境恶化、经济萎缩是资源型城市内部开采区粗放利用后的遗留问题,导致这些地区由原来的"经济引擎"变成令人头痛的"城市肿块".乌鲁木齐六道湾采煤塌陷区改造通过改善生态环境、增加基础设施建设、挖掘工业遗产价值、打造文化主题公园等多种规划手段实现采煤塌陷区的生态恢复、经济振兴和活力重塑,将采煤塌陷区由"城市肿块"转变为可自我更新、健康生长、持续发展的"绿色引擎".     

Sewer asset management – state of the art and research needs

ABSTRACT

Sewer asset management gained momentum and importance in recent years due to economic considerations, since infrastructure maintenance and rehabilitation directly represent major investments. Because physical urban water infrastructure has life expectancies of up to 100 years or more, contemporary urban drainage systems are strongly influenced by historical decisions and implementations. The current decisions taken in sewer asset management will, therefore, have a long-lasting impact on the functionality and quality of future services provided by these networks. These decisions can be supported by different approaches ranging from various inspection techniques, deterioration models to assess the probability of failure or the technical service life, to sophisticated decision support systems crossing boundaries to other urban infrastructure. This paper presents the state of the art in sewer asset management in its manifold facets spanning a wide field of research and highlights existing research gaps while giving an outlook on future developments and research areas.     

City profile: Suzhou - a Chinese city under transformation

Suzhou is located at the center of lower Yangtze River Delta (YRD). With a history of more than 2500 years, it has been transformed from a famous national commercial city in history to a vanguard of globalization known as a modern industrial city in contemporary China. It was not until the reform and opening in 1978 that the traditional spatial structure of the city was jeopardized. It has become an industrial base of Shanghai and relied on foreign direct investment and foreign trade remarkably through a new industrialization path of constructing development zones at various levels. Paralleling economic growth, it has exhausted massive agricultural land and caused rampant urban sprawl because spatial planning was not effective in development control. However, spatial planning does play an important role in the conservation of the ancient quarter which made Suzhou another model in the country. Lastly, some issues and challenges ahead in planning and governance are also discussed.     

Economic growth and development in Macau (1999–2016): The role of the booming gaming industry

In 2018, Macau will celebrate the 20th anniversary of its return to China. The past few years have witnessed brilliant economic achievements as well as a structural shift toward a gaming-industry dominated economy. Following so many years of rapid growth, it is essential to take stock of both the benefits and costs of gaming industry development. Accordingly, this paper analyzes the evolution of Macau's gaming industry between 1999 and 2016, and evaluates the industry's effects on local economic growth and urban development. As the paper shows, Macau has exhibited many of the symptoms typically associated with booming sectors in small economies, and has witnessed the similar effects widely experienced by western casino cities. However, Macau is also faced with some unique challenges, regarding its geographic location, size constraints, and political factors. These findings illustrate the difficulties that have accompanied Macau's economic achievements, but also call attention to opportunities in the next phase of Macau's development.     

中国1949年以来城市住区建设与社区演进

文章以阶段性划分及特征描述的方式对建国以来我国社区建设与社区发展的宏观背景、建设方式、物质空间特征以及社会空间特征等口个方面进行了梳理。主要历史阶段分别为建国后直至20世纪50年代中后期的过渡改善期,其后至20世纪70年代初中期的波折调整期,至20世纪90年代中詹期的恢复发展期,以及至今的市场化主导期。在此基础上,文章还就我国社区及社区规划的未来发展趋势进行了探讨。     

中外城市增长边界研究进展

21世纪以来,中国快速的城镇化进程给环境保护、资源集约及可持续发展带来了前所未有的挑战。当前,中国城市空间增长进入转型发展阶段,突出表现为从追求量的增加转向追求质的提升。在转型发展时期,为了协调城市发展与环境保护,实现发展的模式转变已成为城市规划研究热点。城市增长边界作为空间增长管理的政策工具之一,以“生态优先”保护城市生态本底,以“精明增长”提升城市内部空间绩效,在国外已经得到广泛应用。在我国,如何科学合理地划定城市增长边界,使其兼具地方特色和推广意义,成为关系到城市可持续发展的重大问题。本文重点关注国内外城市增长边界的定义和内涵、应用及划定方法,以期对我国城市增长管理提供借鉴。     

Bandung City,Indonesia

Bandung City has grown to become a very important centre in Indonesia, demonstrating a higher economic growth rate than the national average. It has experienced many challenges resulting from rapid urbanisation, including slums, basic infrastructures, and flooding. Despite such issues, a gradual improvement of urban development has occurred in recent years. This offers hope and confidence to the entire society living in Bandung for the urban future and its environmental sustainability.     

福州市滨江城市向滨海城市延续的规划思考

滨江城市的最初发展往往从水岸开始,经过百年的兴衰演变,滨江地区再次成为市中心发展的重要筹码,并进一步成为滨江城市平衡发展的特色腹地。改革开放后,滨江城市的发展速度超出人们的预想,福州市具有得天独厚的占据江河、占据大海的资源,在空间格局的演变过程中,城市格局也呈现由滨江城市向滨海城市过渡的态势。作为规划者,对这种延续的思考应该是对滨江、滨海予以尊重的方式,“赞美”它的河流、海川,必须有力量和勇气来指导这个过程,应对充满挑战的未来。     

City profile: Chengdu

Chengdu, located at the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, is the provincial capital of Sichuan Province. The fertile and well-watered basin has given the city a long and splendid history, which has left significant and lasting imprints on its urban form, landscape and cultural life. In the planned economy period, Chengdu serviced as the economic, cultural, logistical and technological center for southwest China, and built a competitive and broad industrial base which now helps the city maintain its leading position in the region. In 2007, Chengdu was assigned as one of two pioneer cities in coordinating urban–rural development. This paper introduces the urban development of Chengdu as a historical city, summarizes the city’s economic growth, urban spatial transformation and infrastructure construction as a major city in western China, and discusses its recent efforts in coordinating urban–rural development as a pioneering city in China.     

Restructuring and repositioning Shenzhen,China's new mega city

Shenzhen, a new mega city founded under China's ‘open door’ policy, has experienced dramatic urban development over the past 30 years. From humble beginnings as a fishing village before the 1980s, it benefited from locational advantage next to Hong Kong, an autonomous city with a global role in finance and trade. Shenzhen was first among cities in China to adapt the capitalist world's urban development practices to an indigenous, centrally controlled land management system. As a new city, Shenzhen may best represent the role of planning in a time of economic transition. Urban planning in Shenzhen was ambitious in its reach, using ‘experimental reform’ as a vehicle for institutionalising changes in management of the land resource. These reforms became generalised in China, leading to a recent decline in academic investigation of Shenzhen. While the city as ‘reformer’ seems to have run its course, new challenges upset the old assumptions and call for more research. Today, as industry moves inland away from increasingly costly coastal areas, the city is grappling with the need to restructure its economic base. The city has undertaken major infrastructural projects in a bid to secure its role as a major transhipment hub and logistics command centre, while also developing a rail-based mass transit system. The regeneration of disused industrial land and ‘urban villages’, built up to accommodate at low cost a huge factory workforce, are important ongoing city programmes. While the city extends its infrastructure to connect more effectively with the rest of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) and with Hong Kong, more fundamental questions surround its role within a restructuring regional economy. Ambitions for international stature, bolstered by a large and young population base, a world-class port and modern facilities are challenged by a rapidly evolving regional economy.     

内外、上下与刚柔——中日城市用地分类比较研究

随着社会经济的高速发展,我国现行城市用地分类已难以满足城市发展的新要求,这与战后日本的经济腾飞阶段相似。文章通过对中日两国城市用地分类的发展历程及主要内容的梳理,比较两者异同,探讨意识形态和经济发展阶段差异对用地分类的影响。借鉴日本的成熟经验,我国的用地分类体系也应重点处理好内外、上下与刚柔三对关系。     

世园会影响下的中国城市发展研究

随着国家对生态环境建设的重视,全国各地都在积极申办园博会,目前我国已成为世界上举办园博会次数最多的国家。基于城市发展的视角,以在中国举办的四届国际级园博会为例,跟踪研究其在周边土地利用以及产业结构调整上的影响,剖析城市发展与世园会之间的关联性,总结以往世园会对城市发展方面的经验教训,为我国未来园博会的举办提供创新思路。     

试论城市规划理论的演进规律

该文借助科学哲学的方法历史演进展规律。在本对象的扩张与目标的收敛;在科学层次上,城市规划理论通过与相关学科的渗透与分离,逐步发展,在技术层次上,城市规划向历史化、社会化、过程化、科学化和理论化方向发展。该文最后探讨了城市规划在中国的地位与未来。     

经济全球化背景下中国城市规划体系的发展和完善

作者论述经济全球化对中国城市规划体系的影响及加入WTO后我国城市发展可能呈现的趋势,并从规划的法规体系,行政体系、运作体系这几个方面详细论述我国城市规划在经济全球化背景下的发展和完善。