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1 目前我国新材料工业的发展情况 我国"十五"863计划新材料领域高性能结构材料研究的重点领域主要包括高性能金属材料,先进陶瓷材料,高性能高分子材料,高性能低成本复合材料技术,先进建筑材料,材料设计、制备与成形加工技术等六个方面.经过广大科研院所和广大企业研发机构的共同努力,我国的高性能结构材料在很多方面已经取得了很好的发展. 相似文献
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微波高温加热技术进展 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
微波高温加热技术被认为是本世纪最有可能取代传统外部加热技术而应用于材料制备的先进技术之一.总结了近年来微波高温加热技术在理论与模拟、结构材料和功能材料方面的研究进展,并对微波高温技术在产业化方面的应用现状和发展前景进行了论述. 相似文献
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随着通信行业的发展,尤其是5G商用时代的来临,微波介质陶瓷的开发与探索成了近年来的研究热点.目前通常采用常压固相烧结的方式来制备微波介质陶瓷,但烧结温度较高、加热速度慢,且烧结时间过长,不仅会导致资源的损耗,还可能导致晶粒的异常长大.为了降低陶瓷材料的烧结温度,通常会添加烧结助剂,如B2 O3、CuO等,但加入烧结助剂会引入第二相从而影响微波介电性能.作为一种高效的烧结方法,微波烧结技术是在烧结过程中通过微波与材料粒子的相互作用或微波与基本微观结构耦合产生的热量进行加热,不仅能降低烧结温度、缩短烧结时间,还能改善材料的显微组织,因此,近年来微波烧结成为研究者关注的焦点.采用微波烧结制备的微波介质陶瓷在各个领域中都有应用,如Mg2 TiO4陶瓷用于多层电容器和微波谐振器,BaTiO3陶瓷用于多层陶瓷电容器(MLCC)和随机存取存储器(RAM),MgTiO3陶瓷用于微波滤波器、通信天线和微波频率全球定位系统,TiO2陶瓷用于电容器和低温共烧陶瓷基板等.不仅如此,采用微波烧结制备的微波介质陶瓷还表现出优异的化学稳定性和力学性能,如LiAlSiO4基陶瓷、MgO-B2 O3-SiO2基陶瓷等在多层陶瓷基板与微波集成电路中都有广泛的应用.微波烧结技术为制备优异的材料提供了可能,还可用于在各种粉末的制备,实现性能的进一步提升.本文综述了微波烧结制备微波介质陶瓷的研究进展,总结了常规烧结和微波烧结对材料性能的影响,并指出采用微波烧结制备的微波介质陶瓷目前存在的问题与发展趋势. 相似文献
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随着雷达探测技术的迅猛发展和电磁波辐射污染的日益加剧,新型吸波材料的研究和开发成为各国研究的热点。单一吸收剂存在吸波频带窄和吸收强度低等缺点,无法满足新型吸波材料频带宽、厚度薄、质量轻、吸收强的要求。碳材料具有密度低和吸波性能好等优点,通过与其他吸收剂的双组分、多组分复合,或对复合材料的微观结构进行设计,碳系复合材料表现出优异的吸波性能。简要介绍了吸波材料的工作机理,然后分别从炭黑、碳纤维、碳纳米管、石墨烯和其他碳系材料等5个方面综述了碳系材料在电磁波吸收中的应用和发展,归纳了碳系材料吸波性能的最新研究进展,最后提出了当前研究中存在的不足并明确了研究方向。 相似文献
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随着微波通信技术的迅速发展,作为微波接收机主要部件之一的混频器也向小型化,多功能化发展。利用ADS工具辅助设计和调试了一个X波段镜像抑制混频器。对常用混频器的结构进行了改进,通过测试结果可以看出,这种改进能实现较高的镜频抑制度和较低的变频损耗,且各端口间的隔离度也较好。混频器工作频率10.5GHz,中频1GHz,混频管采用HSMS-8101,基板为Rogers5880,其介电常数为2.2。 相似文献
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微波频标在卫星导航、精密计量、电力、通信等众多领域得到广泛应用,发挥了不可或缺的重要作用。近些年,国际上多家科研单位都在开展新型微波频标的研究,其中基于囚禁离子的微波频标具有高性能和小型化等优势,成为倍受关注的新一代微波频标。本文综述了离子阱微波频标的国内外研究现状,介绍了Penning阱和Paul阱两种常见离子阱的工作原理,以及199Hg+,113Cd+,171Yb+等离子微波频标的研究动机、应用领域、技术方案和实现的技术指标。最后,本文对离子阱微波钟在守时钟、星载钟等方面的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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Precise knowledge of dielectric properties of materials is required to implement the material in high frequency devices and circuits. At microwave frequencies complex permittivity (dielectric constant and loss tangent) are the two mandatory parameters prior to any design. We have identified Lithium Fluoride as a potential candidate, which can be used in conjunction with superconducting and non-superconducting parts of several microwave communication devices. Even though dielectric constant of LiF is known at room temperature there only limited data presented at cryogenic temperatures. We have used a dielectric post resonator for the microwave characterisation of the rod shaped LiF crystal. In this paper, we have reported the dielectric constant (perpendicular component of the real part of complex permittivity) and loss tangent of two LiF crystals as a function of temperature (15–290 K) at frequencies of 8 and 16.5 GHz. We have also studied and reported the temperature coefficient of frequency and permittivity. The concept of using temperature coefficient of frequency as a standard is proved to be wrong in this paper. Microwave properties of other Fluorides are also compared with the LiF crystal. 相似文献
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含碳纳米管微波吸收材料的制备及其微波吸收性能研究 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
用竖式炉流动法,以二茂铁为催化剂,噻吩为助催化剂,苯为碳源通过催化裂解反应制备了碳纳米管,碳纳米管的外径为20-50nm,内径10-30nm,长度50-1000μm.分别以碳纳米管、羰基铁粉、碳纳米管与羰基铁粉的混合物为吸收剂制备了微波吸收材料,研究了上述三种微波吸收材料在2-18GHz的吸波性能,与纯碳纳米管和纯羰基铁粉微波吸收材料相比, 碳纳米管与羰基铁粉复合微波吸收材料在2-18GHz的吸收峰明显向低频移动.在含碳纳米管的微波吸收材料中,碳纳米管作为偶极子在交变电场的作用下,产生极化电流,电磁波的能量转换为其他形式的能量,瑞利散射效应和界面极化也是含碳纳米管微波吸收材料的主要吸波机理. 相似文献
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Microwave heating promises numerous benefits over conventional heating including rapid thermal ramps, energy transfer rather than heat transfer, material selectivity, and improved automation and safety. This set of advantages has led to growing application in industrial processes. Currently, use of microwave heating is restricted because many materials of interest have poor dielectric loss properties and therefore respond poorly to microwave radiation. For this reason, nanostructured materials with high dielectric loss constants that can absorb microwave energy and convert it to heat are desired. Combination of the nanoscale receptors with base materials offers the opportunity to create composites with a high dielectric loss factor. This review covers the development of nanostructured microwave receptors and their applications. The structure of microwave receptors and their compatibility with the base material have a significant effect on the final dielectric properties. Therefore, various nanostructured microwave receptors, their surface modification, and the effect of the interface between the nanostructured receptors and the base materials are reviewed. Fundamental aspects of dielectric materials and their role in dielectric performance are discussed. Finally, key challenges, directions for further studies, and some promising nanostructured microwave receptors are suggested. 相似文献
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Piezoelectric films have recently attracted considerable attention in the development of various sensor and actuator devices such as nonvolatile memories, tunable microwave circuits and ultrasound transducers. In this paper, an overview of the state of art in piezoelectric films for high frequency transducer applications is presented. Firstly, the basic principles of piezoelectric materials and design considerations for ultrasound transducers will be introduced. Following the review, the current status of the piezoelectric films and recent progress in the development of high frequency ultrasonic transducers will be discussed. Then details for preparation and structure of the materials derived from piezoelectric thick film technologies will be described. Both chemical and physical methods are included in the discussion, namely, the sol-gel approach, aerosol technology and hydrothermal method. The electric and piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric films, which are very important for transducer applications, such as permittivity and electromechanical coupling factor, are also addressed. Finally, the recent developments in the high frequency transducers and arrays with piezoelectric ZnO and PZT thick film using MEMS technology are presented. In addition, current problems and further direction of the piezoelectric films for very high frequency ultrasound application (up to GHz) are also discussed. 相似文献
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随着现代科技的发展,电磁波辐射对人类的影响越来越大,在电子电路中释放的电磁波会破坏其他设备的性能并且损害人体健康,因此吸波材料的研究显得尤为重要。此外,具有优良电磁性能的复合吸波材料还可以用于制备飞行器隐身材料。这是因为高强度的微波吸收材料具有良好的介电损耗和磁性损耗,同时具有优越的阻抗匹配,而核壳结构的吸波材料是复合吸波材料中较为理想的材料。本文详细介绍了核壳结构吸波材料的合成方法,并根据核壳结构材料的分类及具体应用,阐述了近年来国内外核壳结构吸波材料的最新研究进展。 相似文献