共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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由具有表面等离子体共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)效应的贵金属(Ag、Au等)纳米粒子和半导体纳米结构组成的纳米复合光催化剂具有优异的可见光光催化活性,成为新型光催化材料的研究热点之一。本文综述了Ag(Au)/半导体纳米复合光催化剂的制备方法、基本性质以及光催化应用方面的一些重要研究进展;重点介绍了Ag(Au)等纳米粒子的表面等离子共振增强可见光催化活性的机理,以及Ag(Au)纳米粒子与不同类型半导体复合的光催化剂的光催化性能,其中所涉及的半导体包括金属氧化物、硫化物和其他一些半导体;本领域未来几年的研究热点将集中于新型高效的Ag(Au)/半导体纳米复合光催化剂的微结构调控及其用于可见光驱动有机反应的机理研究。本文为基于SPR效应构建Ag(Au)/半导体纳米复合光催化剂的研究提供了有力的参考依据,并且指出Ag(Au)/半导体纳米复合光催化剂的研究是发展可见光高效光催化剂的重要方向。 相似文献
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铋系半导体光催化剂及其应用研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
光催化技术是一种具有广阔应用前景的绿色环境治理技术,而光催化剂则是该技术的关键,且较之传统的高温、常规催化技术及吸附技术有优越的特性。在目前已研发的各种光催化剂中,Bi系半导体光催化剂是具有可见光响应的光催化剂,在可见光下具有良好的光催化性能。本文综述了国内外对铋系光催化剂及其应用研究新进展,并展望了该系列可见光催化剂发展前景。 相似文献
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光催化剂二氧化钛改性的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
光催化技术是利用太阳能的有效方法之一,从二氧化钛光催化剂的反应机理、光催化技术发展中存在的问题、提高半导体光催化剂活性的途径等方面论述了半导体光催化剂的研究进展。 相似文献
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光催化技术在污水处理方面的应用 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:14
光催化技术是一种新兴的高效节能现代污水处理技术,本文从半导体光催化方法,反应机理、各类污染物光催化降解的现状,提高半导体光催化剂活性途径,光催化技术发展中存在问题等方面分别论述了半导体光催化技术现状及发展趋势。 相似文献
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综述了近年来半导体光催化氧化技术处理废水中难降解有机污染物技术领域的发展现状、制备高效光催化剂的研究进展以及通过金属氧化物半导体复合形成异质结以显著提升光催化剂性能的研究趋势,从理论基础和应用实践方面对钨酸铋基光催化剂进行了总结和展望。Bi2WO6作为常用的光催化材料,因其具有窄禁带、易制备、对可见光响应、且无毒性等特点而成为光催化处理水中污染物研究的热点。在今后的研究工作中,应鼓励在探索成本更低的制备材料、可大规模生产的制备方法以及提高光催化半导体材料的可回收性等方面加深研究。 相似文献
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对气固相光催化氧化基元反应进行了动力学分析 ,建立了简单适用的动力学模型 .理论分析表明 ,在较低的紫外光强度下 ,光催化反应速率与光强成正比 ;在较高的光强度下 ,速率与光强的平方根成正比 ;在极高光强度下 ,速率与光强无关 .因此将光催化反应简单分解为 3个速率步骤 ,即光子传递步骤、表面作用步骤、扩散步骤 .设计了新颖的气固相光催化反应器 ,采用三氯乙烯 (TCE)为模拟污染物 ,实验结果验证了气固相光催化反应存在光子传递和表面作用控制步骤 相似文献
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TiO2超细粒子的微乳法制备、表征及性能研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
采用表面活性剂OP-7、正庚烷、水和异戊醇形成的微乳体系制备TiO2超细粒子,并考察水和异戊醇含量对TiO2超细粒子平均粒径的影响。所得产物易于分离,溶剂可回收,产率达80%。结果表明,500℃灼烧2h所制备的TiO2超细粒子为锐钛型。采用FTIR、XRD、BET、DSC、TEM对TiO2超细粒子进行表征,由FTIR分析可知,表面无残留有机物;由DSC分析可得晶型转变温度为437 3℃;根据XRD分析计算的平均粒径为9 7nm,颗粒分散度较高;采用BET法测定比表面积为85 8m2/g。以苯酚的光催化氧化作为目标反应来评价TiO2超细粒子的光催化活性。苯酚光催化降解反应2 5h,降解率可达85%。 相似文献
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Martina RosoAlessandra Lorenzetti Stefano BescoManuel Monti Guido BertiMichele Modesti 《Computers & Chemical Engineering》2011,35(11):2248-2256
Multistructured membranes based on ultrafine fibers of polymethylmethacrylate-co-methacrylic acid (PMMA-co-MAA) and TiO2 nanoparticles have been obtained by electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technologies, for active filter media manufacturing. Process optimization of the nanofibers based layers has been investigated by response surface methodology (RSM) in order to predict the domain of the parameters where the smallest fiber diameter can be achieved. A quantitative relationship between electrospinning parameters and the responses (mean diameter and standard deviation) was established and then the final multi-layers structure of nanofibers and nanoparticles has been achieved for a controlled and robust process. The nanostructured membranes have been characterized by SEM imaging, EDAX, TGA analysis and water vapour permeability and their photocatalytic activity has been tested on VOCs degradation. 相似文献
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TiO2 films in various thicknesses were prepared by sol-gel method, and their photocatalytic activities in the decomposition of
gaseous 2-propanol were evaluated. It was found that the photocatalytic activities of transparent TiO2 films increase with the increase of film thickness: The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films in 670 nm-thickness was 3.7 times that of films in 70 nm-thickness. We proposed that the higher photocatalytic activities
for the thicker TiO2 films originate from the greater amount of photogenerated electron and hole pairs, which are transferred from the inside
to the surface of TiO2 films. We also provided some experimental evidences supporting this mechanism. 相似文献
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The fate of atmospheric ultrafine particles is determined by their size, chemical composition, and especially by their physical and chemical surface properties. To characterize the surface of ultrafine particles, their behavior as condensation nuclei can be used. Monodisperse ultra-fine particles with different surface structures were investigated by observing the onset of droplet formation at a fixed electrical mobility diameter. Droplet growth was detected by application of a multistep condensation nucleus counter (CNC). The particles were generated under well-controlled conditions and monodisperse fractions were obtained using an electrostatic classifier. For studying the influence of changes in the surface structure, ultrafine sulfuric acid droplets were coated with different organic materials. Different surface films required different supersaturations for droplet growth depending on the molecular structure and layer thickness of the material used for coating. Therefore it was concluded that certain compounds, enriched on the particle surface, affect condensation of water vapor in such a way that higher supersaturations are required in comparison to the particle core material. Additionally, it was observed that remarkably high supersaturations of water vapor were required for condensation on particles consisting of the following materials: metals, carbon, and Aerosil (spherical silica particles). 相似文献
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Supported Electrospun Ultrafine Fibrous Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)/ZnO Porous Membranes and their Photocatalytic Applications 下载免费PDF全文
Supported photocatalytic poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE)/ZnO porous membranes were prepared by sintering electrospun PTFE/poly(vinylalcohol)/zinc acetate dehydrate composite membranes. Electrospun PTFE membranes were utilized as supports with excellent chemical stability and high specific surface area, while the photocatalyst‐ZnO particles derived from the thermal decomposition of zinc acetate dehydrate were homogeneously immobilized on the surface of ultrafine PTFE fibers. The PTFE/ZnO membranes could be easily recovered and reused after water treatment. PTFE/ZnO membranes are expected to have a wide range of potential applications in photocatalysis and photocatalysis‐membrane reactors, playing the role of a catalyst as well as a selective barrier against contaminants of interest. 相似文献
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