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重金属捕集剂TBA的合成及其对含铜废水的捕集性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以无机水合肼与二硫化碳作反应物,环己醇与丙酮的混合溶液作溶剂,合成了一种新型重金属捕集剂四硫代联氨基甲酸(TBA)。重点考察了水合肼与二硫化碳的物质的量比、混合有机溶剂的用量、混合溶剂的配比、反应温度等因素对产物得率的影响,并对产物进行IR、NMR表征。研究结果表明,水合肼与二硫化碳的物质的量比为1:1、有机溶剂(环己醇和丙酮混合物)与二硫化碳的体积比为2∶3、反应温度为30℃、反应时间为2 h时,二硫化碳的转化率最高可达92.96%。将合成的重金属捕集剂四硫代联氨基甲酸用于含铜模拟废水的处理,结果表明其对于含铜废水具有优良的捕集性能。 相似文献
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重金属捕集剂的合成与应用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将两种低分子量多胺物质与二硫化碳通过二步反应制得重金属捕集剂.通过正交实验优化,所合成重金属捕集剂对2 mg·L-1Cu2+和Ni2+废水的去除率分别达到98.35%和95.65%.并讨论了重金属捕集剂投加量、pH值及Cu2+、Ni2+共存条件对捕集剂处理低浓度Cu2+和Ni2+废水的影响.结果表明,重金属捕集剂投加量为0.0621~0.0955 mg·L-1时,处理后的水即可达到国家排放标准;pH值为7~10时,重金属捕集剂处理效果较好;在不同比例的Cu2+、Ni2+共存情况下,重金属捕集剂对两种离子均有较高的去除率,具有进一步研究应用价值. 相似文献
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针对传统化学沉淀方法处理实际电镀综合废水中重金属离子无法达标的问题,选取了3种市售重金属捕集剂对实际电镀废水中的Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+进行同步深度处理,采用红外光谱分析仪对3种捕集剂的分子结构进行表征,并比较了三者对电镀废水中重金属离子的处理效果。结果发现,三聚硫氰酸三钠(Trimercaptotriazine,简称TMT)对Cu2+的去除效果最为显著,投加量少且效果稳定,但对Ni2+的去除效果较差。在二硫代氨基甲酸盐类(Dithiocarbamate,简称DTC)捕集剂中,Me2DTC(Me=—CH3)的适用性最强,对3种重金属离子均具有良好的去除效果,可达到《电镀废水排放标准》(GB 21900—2008)中表3的排放标准,且在p H=9.70时,处理效果最佳;Et2DTC(Et=—CH2CH3)对Ni2+的去除效果不佳,表明DTC分子结构中的取代基种类不同,可能会对Ni2+的捕集效果产生较大影响。 相似文献
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以碱木质素为基体通过Mannich反应、二硫化碳加成合成新型重金属捕集剂(重捕剂)N-亚甲基碱木质素-N′-二硫代氨基甲酸己二胺钠盐(Lig-DTC),用于螯合含砷酸性废水中的重金属,经絮凝以沉淀形式析出,处理后的酸性水可以回用。以酸性废水重金属离子剩余质量浓度为评价标准,通过正交实验和单因素实验对重捕剂加入量、反应时间、溶液pH、絮凝剂投加量等因素进行考察。得到最佳工艺条件(以100 mL废水计):在不调节废水酸性情况下,Lig-DTC用量为60 mg,反应时间为15 min,聚丙烯酰胺(阴离子型PAM,质量分数为0.1%)用量为1.1 mL,静置时间为30 min。在此条件下,残余重金属离子质量浓度达到处理要求,酸性废水可以进入系统循环回用。 相似文献
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赤泥(RM)是铝土矿提取氧化铝时排放的工业废渣,对其进行改性后可作为一种低成本吸附剂有效吸附废水中的重金属离子。本文从赤泥的性质和组成进行讨论,分析赤泥吸附重金属离子的优势,总结酸改性、焙烧改性和复合改性对赤泥结构及重金属吸附性能的影响。在此基础上,阐述了赤泥吸附重金属离子的机理,列举了吸附热力学及吸附动力学模型。指出赤泥作为一种大宗工业废弃物,用作吸附剂吸附废水中的重金属离子,具有成本低、来源广泛等优点,同时可达到以废治废的目的,具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Converting peanut shells into biochar by pyrolysis was considered an environmentally friendly and efficient method for agricultural solid waste disposal. The properties of peanut shell-derived biochar (PBC) under different temperature and its adsorption capacity of heavy metals were investigated. It was found that PBC400 exhibited the highest cumulative capability for heavy metals elimination in single solute because of its high specific surface area and rich functional groups. Furthermore, the competitive adsorption revealed that PBC had a substantial difference in adsorption affinity from diverse heavy metal ions, sorption capacity decreased as Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+, which was lower than in a single solute. The adsorption process using selected biochar was optimized with respect to pH, reaction time, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration of heavy metals. The kinetic data was well fitted with PSO model, and the Langmuir model was adopted for adsorption equilibrium data in both cases of single solutes and mixed solutes for all heavy metals, which indicated that the removal course was primarily explained by monolayer adsorption, and chemical adsorption occupied an important role. Therefore, peanut shells derived biochar could be a potential and green adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(6):1023-1033
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采用废弃农林生物质吸附和回收重金属研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
废弃农林生物质对重金属离子具有吸附能力,可望用于回收工业污水中的重金属。本文对废弃农林生物质对重金属的吸附机理、吸附剂研发、吸附产物资源化利用等方面的研究进展进行了介绍,讨论了废弃农林生物质对重金属吸附技术研究中存在的问题和解决途径。揭示吸附的微观过程、阐明与吸附作用有关的生物质细胞壁结构和成分、确定重金属吸附机理以及开发新的高效的生物质吸附剂等是寻找具有高选择性和高吸附能力的高效生物质吸附剂的关键;对生物质吸附重金属后的进一步处理是工业化的必由途径。 相似文献
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Hyun Gyu Park Myeong Yun Chae 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2004,79(10):1080-1083
Various alginate gel‐based adsorbents were investigated for the removal of heavy metals: alginate beads, alginate capsules, and alginate gel‐coated adsorbent. Of these, alginate capsules showed the greatest Pb2+ uptake capacity of 1560 mg g?1 of dry sodium alginate, and the alginate gel‐coated adsorbent, prepared simply by forming a thin alginate film on an inert matrix, achieved rapid adsorption equilibrium within 10 min. Adsorbed metals were readily removed from the alginate gel‐based adsorbents using eluents such as HNO3 and could be reused for up to 10 adsorption–desorption cycles without marked loss of metal uptake capacity. Alginate gel‐coated adsorbents could be prepared in a dried state and have great application potential for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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结合当前重金属污染的水质处理技术的处理方法,本课题选用银耳作为吸附剂研究了其对水中微量重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr(六价)(以下简称Cr)的吸附性能,分别考察了原液浓度、吸附剂用量、pH、温度对吸附的影响,研究了吸附发生的最佳条件,并通过动力学吸附模型和平衡吸附模型对吸附结果做了分析研究。 相似文献
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Kankana Baruah Riku Dutta Simanta Doley Bipul Sarma Swapan Kumar Dolui 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2024,141(2):e54767
Excess metal pollutant has affected and caused serious havoc in the lives of terrestrial as well as aquatic beings. The core of this work revolves around eradicating highly toxic heavy metal ions from underground water systems using a cost-effective, high removal efficiency polymeric adsorbent capable of adsorbing and removing ionic metals whose backbone is composed of a bio-degradable polymer, polyvinyl alcohol. The obtained adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR, HNMR, and P-XRD. Morphological studies were carried out using SEM. Detection and adsorption of metal ions were performed using SEM–EDX and AAS; wherein the adsorbent was found to remove nearly 80% of arsenic ions, 70.5% and 70.7% for lead and chromium ions while 60.7% for cadmium ions, respectively. Further, the kinetics of adsorption along with intraparticle diffusion studies were also performed to determine the mechanism alongside observing the isothermal influence of the sorbent. The adsorption capacity was seen to be highest in arsenic at around 570.42 mg g−1 thus acting as a potential and effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from groundwater. 相似文献
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以松果作为吸附剂进行了去除废水中Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附及解吸试验,研究了溶液pH值、吸附剂投加量、反应时间、溶液初始浓度对吸附效果的影响,以及不同pH值对达到吸附平衡的松果的解吸影响。结果表明:当pH值为5.0~5.5,Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+初始质量浓度约为25 mg/L时,吸附剂的最佳投加量分别为3、1.5、3 g/L,去除率分别为55.32%、86%、39.96%。3种重金属离子的吸附动力学方程符合Lagergren准二级动力学方程,R2均大于0.998。等温吸附研究表明:Freundlich方程能较好地描述Cu2+的等温吸附过程,Langmuir方程则能更好地描述Pb2+和Zn2+的吸附过程,用Langmuir方程拟合等温吸附数据得出松果对Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的最大吸附量分别为9.10、31.65和9.60 mg/g。强酸是一种理想的Cu2+和Zn2+解吸剂。 相似文献