X-ray diffraction determination of root-mean-square displacements of atoms in <Emphasis Type="Italic">B</Emphasis>2 and <Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis> phases of titanium nickelide

Intensities of 15 fundamental and 11 superlattice reflections of the B2 phase have been measured in a titanium nickelide single crystal using X-ray Mo Kα radiation. Structure factors for these reflections and root-mean-square displacements of nickel and titanium atoms from the crystal-lattice sites have been calculated. The mean squared displacements of nickel atoms are equal to 〈u ²〉_Ni=0.087 ± 0.006 Ų; those of titanium atoms, 〈u ²〉_Ti = 0.039 ± 0.003 Ų. The temperature dependence of root-mean-square displacements in the B2 phase and in the temperature range of the B2 → R transformation has been determined. Root-mean-square atomic displacements in the R phase have been calculated. The Debye temperature has been determined and the root-mean-square atomic displacements in the B2 phase have been separated into static and dynamic ones.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Recent Developments in</Emphasis> zinc blast-furnace technology

Improved zinc blast-furnace techniques—including the development of updraft sulfide sintering and utilization of charges containing up to 25% Pb—are reported. The installation and operational results of a new, large-furnace installation at Swansea, Wales, are described. Details of a vacuum method for improving the purity of the zinc—with lead impurities indicated to be as low as 0.4%—are included.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Development of</Emphasis> an iron-base beryllium-strengthened alloy

The possibilities of beryllium-strengthened iron-base alloys have been pursued to achieve a commercial low-density, high-strength alloy for service to 1400°F.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">An evaluation of</Emphasis> disposable hot tops

The development of disposable hot tops has enabled a major steel producer to satisfy customer demands for wide killed-steel strip without having to resort to uneconomical practices.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">An evaluation of</Emphasis> maraging steel sheet

Results of investigations into the metallurgical and mechanical behavior of 18Ni-9Co-5Mo maraging steel—one of a series of tough, high-strength alloys in a period of rapid development.     

Mechanism of infiltration <Emphasis Type="Italic">of porous powder-metallurgy parts</Emphasis>

This article discusses the history, mechanism, and theory of infiltrating porous powder-metallurgy parts with molten metal.     

Formation of the structure and properties of Cu-Pd alloys during the <Emphasis Type="Italic">A</Emphasis>1-<Emphasis Type="Italic">B</Emphasis>2 phase transformations

The formation of the structure and properties of Cu-Pd alloys during the Al-B2 phase transformations is discussed. The evolution of the microstructure is analyzed, and the temperature dependences of the electrical resistivity, thermopower, and linear thermal expansion coefficient of Cu-Pd alloys in various initial states are studied. The order-disorder-order phase transformations in this system are found to occur in several stages. The possible causes of the discrepancies between the reported data are analyzed.     

Adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions by natural alumosilicate modified with <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>'-<Emphasis Type="Italic">bis</Emphasis>(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)thiocarbamide

Immobilization of N,N'-bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)thiocarbamide on the surface of natural alumosilicates from Eastern Transbaikal has been carried out. Adsorption isotherms of Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions on modified adsorbents have been plotted. The experimental data have been treated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, BET, and Dubinin–Radushkevich models. The constants of these equations have been determined. It has been shown that adsorption on alumosilicates modified with N,N'-bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)thiocarbamide is described in the best way by the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models. The Dubinin–Radushkevich model has been employed for the calculation of free energy of adsorption. For all the specimens under study, the free energy of adsorption indicates the presence of an ion-exchange mechanism, while the adsorption of heavy-metal ions has a chemical nature.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">An evaluation of</Emphasis> thermic production methods for magnesium

Preliminary technological and cost evaluation studies of thermic magnesium production methods —based on information obtained from the literature and from Defense Plant Corp. operation files—are reported. Two hypothetical plants used in the studies—one based on carbothermic techniques, the other on metallothermic techniques—are described. Process modifications indicated for further research on the carbothermic method include the use of liquid hydrocarbon for quenching the magnesium vapor and continuous retorting of the quenched product. For the metallothermic method, improvements include the use of aluminum silicon as a reductant and the development of larger capacity batch reduction retorts or a continuous reduction method.     

Immobilization of enzyme preparations from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Raphanus sativus L.</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">niger</Emphasis> on natural bentonite and bentonite modified by phosphate ions

The changes in the mechanism and the selectivity of binding of the components from the enzyme preparation from Raphanus sativus L. var. niger adsorbed on both the natural bentonite and bentonite modified by phosphate ions are proved by several physical and chemical methods. The influence of the amphoterity of the acid–base properties of the support surface on the enhancement of the activity of the immobilized enzyme due to the lack of strong links with the iron- and zinc-containing molecules was established. The conditions of reducing the inactivation rate of the redox-active enzyme by covalent binding of molecule fragments on the surface of modified bentonite are shown. The observed significant reduction in the rate of inactivation of the oxidizing activity of the resulting composite could allow to consider it to be a promising base for a redox-sensor design.