由转盘塔内连续相溶质浓度轴向分布 估算传质系数和轴向混合系数的研究

根据转盘萃取塔内连续相溶质浓度的轴向分布进行了参数估算.在估算中应用液滴尺寸分布,将带轴向混合的柱塞流模型应用于塔内连续相,将前混模型应用于分散相.参数估算结果表明:应用d_(32)所获得的连续相轴向混合系数E_c和传质系数k_c的估算值比应用液滴尺寸分布所得的E_c、k_c的估算值偏高;如果忽略液滴生成过程传质的影响,k_c的估算值略有增加,而E_c的估算值则明显偏高.     

由转盘塔内连续相溶质浓度轴向分布 估算传质系数和轴向混合系数的研究

根据转盘萃取塔内连续相溶质浓度的轴向分布进行了参数估算.在估算中应用液滴尺寸分布,将带轴向混合的柱塞流模型应用于塔内连续相,将前混模型应用于分散相.参数估算结果表明:应用d_(32)所获得的连续相轴向混合系数E_c和传质系数k_c的估算值比应用液滴尺寸分布所得的E_c、k_c的估算值偏高;如果忽略液滴生成过程传质的影响,k_c的估算值略有增加,而E_c的估算值则明显偏高.     

一种混合球罐极板的计算方法

根据混合球罐极板上各球壳板的形成原理,推导出一种简单易记的极板计算方法。     

计算有机二元混合液导热系数的一种方法

本文在Wohl型方程之上，结合Chapman导热理论和Eyring的反应速率理论，导出了一个二元液体混合物导热系数关联式，该关联式对于非理想程度中等、特别是接近理想的二元体系精度较高，计算了14种二元混合液体导热系数，与文献值相比最大误差为3．2%。     

一种基于稳态热流法的导热系数测定仪器及方法

稳态热流法适合用于测定橡胶材料热传导能力,详细介绍了基于ASTM-D5470研发的导热系数测定仪器的工作原理、系统组成,并对大量试验数据进行了统计分析。     

一种“奥金格”许用应力计算方法技术研究

在长庆油田开发中,机采井抽油杆柱设计的合理性直接关系石油开采成本。传统杆柱设计主要采用了API方法和奥金格,是建立在D级抽油杆的物理化学性能、许用应力的基础上,不能较好的适应目前广泛应用的H级抽油杆。本文对奥金格中许用应力计算进行了重新选取,使H级抽油杆柱优化设计方法进一步合理,进而实现油田效益化开发。     

一种涂料涂布率的测量和计算方法

介绍了一种涂料涂布率的测量和计算方法,通过简易检测设备和方法测量出涂层干膜密度,然后利用干膜密度计算出涂层涂布率,还能够计算出涂装后产品的增重质量、体积固体分和涂料利用率.     

氨合成的平衡组成和平衡常数的计算——二种逸度系数计算方法的比较

本文采用考虑组成对逸度系数及平衡常数影响的Beattie-Bridgeman状态方程(简称B-B方程),以及不考虑组成影响的Cooper,Newton法(简称C-N法),运用电子计算机计算了氨合成反应的平衡常数,并以1nKp=A+B(1/T)形式对B-B方程的计算结果进行回归。通过与文献实验值的比较,可见B-B方程在较大范围内与实验值较接近。因此,在氨塔计算中,推荐采用B-B方程计算平衡常数。     

一种由lgαM（OH）计算pH值的简便方法

提出了一种新的计算光度法测定和逐级形成体系中忽略金属羟合离子影响的最大pH的简便方法a     

用时间域最小二乘拟合法研究萃取柱中的轴向混合

本文以非理想脉冲注入的扰动-响应技术,进行萃取柱轴向混合的研究。各种参数估值方法的比较表明,时间域最小二乘拟合法较为精确。本文还讨论了参数估值的不定性问题和计算时间问题。在标准结构的脉冲筛板柱内研究了脉冲振幅和频率对轴向混合系数的影响。     

转盘萃取塔中连续相轴向混合的研究

根据塔内流体运动规律,分别研究了转盘萃取塔单相流和两相逆流时连续相轴向混合的机理.采用光导纤维测定脉冲示踪的浓度响应,从而得到单相流轴向混合Peclet数和两相逆流时分散相对连续相轴向混合的影响(f_w-△~W)的数学表达式.这些表达式对轴向混合的计算,能从高转盘转速扩展到低转速,并能适用于较广的流速范围.为了分析连续相的轴向混合,对分散相滞留量及分散相液滴直径也作了初步研究,并得出了关联式.     

聚并-分散脉冲筛板萃取塔的传质与轴向混合特性

A new configuration of coalescence-dispersed pulsed-sieve-plate extraction column (CDPSEC) was developed, and the mass transfer and axial mixing characteristics were evaluated with the two-point dynamic method.The influence of operation conditions was discussed with experimental results, showing that the mass transfer performance of CDPSEC mainly depends on the energy input and the holdup of dispersed phase. Higher energy input results in higher holdhp of the dispersed phase, the axial mixing of the continuous phase is suppressed, and the true height of mass transfer unit decreases markedly. On the other hand, higher energy input leads to more serious forward mixing of the dispersed phase, so the energy input should be limited. Accordingly the operation conditions were divided into two regions, and empirical correlations for predicting the mass transfer and axial mixing characteristics in different regions with a satisfactory accuracy were suggested.     

Mass Transfer and Axial Mixing Characteristics in a Coalescence-Dispersion Pulsed-Sieve-Plate Extraction Column

A new configuration of coalescence-dispersed pulsed-sieve-plate extraction column (CDPSEC) was developed, and the mass transfer and axial mixing characteristics were evaluated with the two-point dynamic method. The influence of operation conditions was discussed with experimental results, showing that the mass transfer performance of CDPSEC mainly depends on the energy input and the holdup of dispersed phase. Higher energy input results in higher holdup of the dispersed phase, the axial mixing of the continuous phase is suppressed, and the true height of mass transfer unit decreases markedly. On the other hand, higher energy input leads to more serious forward mixing of the dispersed phase, so the energy input should be limited. Accordingly the operation conditions were divided into two regions, and empirical correlations for predicting the mass transfer and axial mixing characteristics in different regions with a satisfactory accuracy were suggested.     

Prediction of Concentration Profiles in an L‐Shaped Pulsed Extraction Column

The L‐shaped extraction pulsed plate column is believed to be able to perform under operating conditions between those of the vertical and the horizontal pulsed plate columns. It has an extraction efficiency similar to the vertical pulsed plate column. Here, the mass transfer performance of this novel column type was investigated and the application of three different models, i.e., the plug flow, the axial dispersion, and the back flow models, was evaluated to predict the solute concentration profile along the column length. The water‐acetone‐n‐butyl acetate and the water‐acetone‐toluene systems were used. The influence of the operational parameters on the height of the mass transfer unit and the back flow coefficients was evaluated using the back flow model. New correlations were proposed to predict the height of the mass transfer unit along with the back flow coefficients in each phase, which were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.     

用单纯形法同时确定轴向混合系数与传质系数

在内径5cm的梯形波空气脉冲柱内,测定了30%TBP(煤油)-Th(NO_3)_4-HNO_3(H_2O)体系在两种板段结构条件下钍的浓度剖面.用扩散模型描述萃取过程,用单纯形法直接由浓度剖面同时确定轴向混合系数、传质系数与真实传质单元高度.由此获得的计算的浓度剖面与实验测定的浓度剖面比较符合.结果表明:梯形波脉冲柱的轴向混合系数较小,用于补偿轴向混合的柱高约占表观传质单元高度的32—44%;用单纯形法寻优,对原始微分方程采用差分近似得两组线性代数方程组,对每组线性代数方程组用追赶法直接解,两组方程之间用迭代法,程序简单,收敛较快.在PDP11/23小型计算机上,约1分钟即算得一组结果.     

粘度对填料塔中液相轴向混合的影响

在液相粘度0.0008—0.014Pa·s的范围内,针对粘度对填料塔中液相轴向混合的影响进行了研究,得知该影响可用下式表示:Pe_d=AFr_1~B(v_1/v_w)~C,式中的(v_1/v_w)定义为粘度校正因子,C值分别为-0.15(载点以下)和-0.138(载液区).     

气-液-固三相流化床液相返混的研究(稳态法)

采用稳态法研究了气速、液速、固体粒子直径及密度和床径对三相流化床液相返混的影响.根据实验数据,获得了如下的计算Pe_l的关联式:Pe_l=24.32(U_l/U_t)~(1.2)U_g~(-0.34)D_t~(-0.5)d_pρ_s~2     

多级搅拌塔气液体系的轴向混合和气含率

采用改进的Rushton六直叶涡轮桨,在内径为80 mm的多级搅拌塔中,以氮气-水体系为研究对象,考察了液速、气速和搅拌桨转速对连续相轴向混合和气含率的影响.结果表明:在液速1.38×10-4～4.42×10-4 m/s、气速5.53×10-2～17.68×10-2 m/s和转速1.67～13.33 r/s条件下,轴向扩散系数随着液速和气速的增加而增大,随着搅拌桨转速的增加先减小后增大;平均气含率随着液速、气速及搅拌桨转速的增加而增大.根据实验数据得到了连续相轴向扩散系数和平均气含率的关联式,其计算值与实验值误差较小,分别小于15%和10%.