血清中APO-A1、APO-B与HDL、LDL相关性

目的 探讨血清中APO-A1、APO-B与HDL、LDL相关性.方法 比较在不同胆固醇浓度区间时的变化,分析血清中APO-A1、APO-B与HDL、LDL的关系.     

2型糖尿病合并高脂血症患者中医体质类型及与血脂指标的相关性研究

目的 探讨2型糖尿病合并高脂血症患者的中医体质分布规律,研究中医体质与血脂指标的相关性.方法 选择100例2型糖尿病合并高脂血症患者,根据"中医体质分类与判定表"判定体质类型并观察分布情况;通过检测总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR),比较不同体质患者的血脂指标、BMI及WHR,观察BMI,HbAlc与血脂指标的相关性.结果 100例患者中平和质占14.0%,气虚质占22.0%,阳虚质占16.0%,阴虚质占24.0%,瘀血质占7.0%,痰湿质占10.0%,湿热质占5.0%,气郁质占2.0%,特禀质占0.0%.湿热质患者TC,LDL-C均值最高,且与平和质比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).痰湿质患者WHR较平和质患者升高(P＜0.05).超重组、肥胖组与正常组比较HDL-C,ApoAl均降低(P＜0.05).HbAlc良好组、差组与理想组比较TG升高(P＜0.05).结论 2型糖尿病合并高脂血症患者以阴虚质、气虚质为主,湿热质患者TC,LDL-C在各体质类型中最高.     

用P507从硫酸镍溶液中萃取分离铜、锌、钴

对去除铁、砷、钙、镁后的硫酸镍溶液,采用钠皂化的P507萃取剂分离铜、锌、钴.考察了皂化率、P507体积分数、平衡pH值、相比、时间、温度以及逆流萃取级数对萃取效果的影响.同时考察了负载有机相反萃过程中硫酸浓度、反萃相比、时间对铜、锌、钴反萃效果的影响.结果表明,当萃取有机相组成为35 % P507+65 %磺化煤油,钠皂化率为65 %,相比（V_O/V_A）为1:1,平衡pH值为4,25 ℃,萃取时间为5 min,经3级逆流萃取,铜、锌、钴的萃取率分别为96.73 %、99.87 %、94.17 %.对负载有机相经过酸性去离子水（pH=3~4）洗涤后,用1 mol/L硫酸溶液,时间为5 min,反萃相比（V_O/V_A）为1:1.在此条件下,铜、锌、钴的反萃率分别为99.94 %、99.94 %、99.86 %.      

从碱金属钨酸盐溶液中萃取钨的工艺(美国专利4、175、109)

本发明对用有机萃取剂从碱金属钨酸盐溶液中萃取有用成分钨,然后再从有机相中反萃的工艺作了改进.改进之处在于所用的有机溶液是由6—10%(体积)的萃取剂三烃基胺混合物和90—94%(体积)的分子量分别为120、134或148的烷基苯混合物组成,而三烃基胺混合物的主要成分是三异辛基胺.     

环氧化酶-2抑制剂对功能性鼻内镜手术后血浆及术野渗液前列腺素E2的作用

目的:外科手术引起的炎性反应会影响患者预后,本随机对照研究拟检验功能性鼻内镜手术后术野渗液和血浆前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)的变化以及与疼痛及预后的相关性.方法:37名准备在全身麻醉下行功能性鼻内镜手术的患者被随机分为两组,塞来昔布组(n=16)术前1 h口服塞来昔布400 mg,术后连续5 d口服塞来昔布200 mg,q12 h;对照组(n=21)不服药.术后即刻到术后48 h收集鼻腔术野渗液并采集静脉血测量PGE2浓度,同时测量血浆中血栓烷素A2(thromboxane A2,TXA2)和前列环素(prostacyclin,PGI2)的浓度.结果:功能性鼻内镜手术后,对照组术野渗液和血浆PGE2水平显著升高,分别在术后6 h(177.5±142.2ng/L)和48 h(64.5±21.4 ng/L)达到高峰.塞来昔布组出现术野渗液PGE2水平(术后6 h达到高峰,106.2±33.4 ng/L)和血浆PGE2水平(术后48 h达到高峰,44.7±30.2 ng/L)显著下降(P＜0.05).术后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)与术野渗液的PGE2水平呈正相关,术后6 h和48 h相关系数分别为0.333(P=0.044)和0.353(P=0.032).塞来昔布对TXA2/PGI2比值无影响.结论:外科手术部位PGE2水平升高是手术后炎症反应的重要表现,并参与引起术后疼痛;环氧化酶-2抑制剂可以显著抑制外周和血浆PGE2水平.     

应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清桥粒芯蛋白抗体水平监测寻常型天疱疮患者病情变化

目的:研究较大样本寻常型天疱疮(pemphigus vulgaris,PV)患者,血清抗桥粒芯蛋白(desmoglein,Dsg)1和抗Dsg3特异性抗体酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)指数长期的变化情况,观察其与病情变化的相关性,探讨其用于病情监测、预测疾病复发和指导治疗的可行性.方法:对20例确诊PV的患者进行长期随访,收集患者在各随访时间点的血清,记录每次随访时的病情并进行评分(autoimmune bullous skin disorder intensity score,ABSIS);检测患者血清的间接免疫荧光(indirect immunofluorescence,IIF)滴度、Dsg3 ELISA指数和Dsg1 ELISA指数;利用统计学方法和做图方法分析病情评分与Dsg3 ELISA指数、Dsg1 ELISA指数和IIF滴度之间的关系.结果:PV患者皮肤和口腔的病情评分,分别与Dsg3 ELISA指数、Dsg1 ELISA指数和IIF滴度均具有显著性关联(P＜0.01),患者疾病活动期和临床缓解期两组间Dsg3 ELISA指数、Dsg1 ELISA指数和IIF滴度差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).各组患者相关性分析发现,Dsg3 ELISA指数、Dsg1 ELISA指数和IIF滴度几乎均与病情平行波动变化,ELISA指数优于IIF的平行性,并且ELISA指数可以预测病情是否会反复,从而指导治疗.结论:PV患者血清抗Dsg3抗体ELISA指数与病情变化平行波动,可以反映疾病的活动程度,可用于病情监测,并可为临床上预测疾病复发,指导临床调整治疗提供有利的实验室证据.     

螯合处理对钢渣体积安定性的改善

摘要：钢渣中存在的游离氧化钙(f-CaO)会与水反应生成氢氧化钙（Ca2(OH)2）,造成体积膨胀,使得钢渣的利用变得困难。通过配制草酸与柠檬酸钠螯合剂消除游离氧化钙。探讨钢渣水化规律和吸水率,确定最佳螯合时间和螯合浓度。利用XRD、TG、SEM分析钢渣矿物成分、游离氧化钙含量及微观形貌变化;对比处理前后钢渣膨胀率、黏附性和压碎值等物理指标。结果表明：草酸和柠檬酸钠螯合剂最佳螯合时间分别为84、108h,最佳螯合浓度分别为0.4、0.2mol/L,均对钢渣膨胀性有所抑制,尤其是草酸螯合剂,游离氧化钙消除率达到52%,钢渣膨胀率下降51%。螯合处理后钢渣断面部分物质发生水化反应,表面分别形成大量草酸钙(CaC2O4)和柠檬酸钙(C12H10Ca3O14)络合物,发生沉淀转化,改善了钢渣集料的物理特性。     

低温游泳结合银杏叶提取物给药对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的影响

[目的]研究低温游泳运动结合银杏叶提取物(GBE)给药对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢的影响.[方法]通过高脂饲料喂养大鼠模型试验42 d,获高脂血症试验鼠,将大鼠随机分成4组(n=3),分别为对照组、安静药物组、单纯低温游泳运动和低温游泳结合GBE给药组,测定各组大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG) 和高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)含量,同时测定血清、肝脏、心脏组织中过氧化脂质(LPO)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性.[结果]各试验组均能降低肝脏指数,SOD活性也明显降低;低温游泳联合GBE组能明显降低大鼠血清TC、TG值.[结论]低温游泳联合GBE给药可以调节高血脂大鼠血脂代谢,明显降低血液总胆固醇和甘油三酯,有助于高脂血症的改善.     

反钙钛矿结构InNNi_3的电子结构、弹性性质和化学键结合的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论(density funclional theory,DFT)的局域密度近似(localized density approximatin,LDA)和广义梯度近似(general gradient approximatin,GGA)研究反钙钛矿结构氮化物InNNi3晶体的电子结构、弹性性质和化学键结合特点。结果表明计算的晶格参数和平衡态体积与文献报道结果符合较好。能带结构的计算结果说明InNNi3具有金属性质,态密度和分态密度计算结果显示费米能级附近的态密度主要来自Ni-3d态的贡献。由VOIGT、REUSS和HILL’s(VRH)近似从计算得到的单晶弹性常数推导出多晶弹性模量,结果表明InNNi3为延性化合物。原子布居分析显示In、N原子间有较多的电荷转移,成键布居分析表明该氮化物为离子?共价混合键型化合物,即InNNi3是1种具有金属性的、共价一离子混合型的延性化合物。     

MTAP、CDKN2A和CDKN2B在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的 研究弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)MTAP、CDKN2A和CDKN2B基因的表达及其临床意义.方法 以实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法检测40例DLBCL及19例淋巴结反应性增生组织中MTAP、CDKN2A和CDKN2B基因的表达情况,结合临床特征进行分析,并进行随访.结果 DLBCL组MTAP、CDKN2A和CDKN2B基因表达水平较淋巴结反应性增生组降低,差异有统计学意义(P值分别为0.024、0.044和0.047);三者表达均与Ann Arbor临床分期相关(P值分别为0.004、0.001和0.027);与患者的性别、年龄、淋巴结外病变累及、ECOG体力评分、骨髓累及、血清乳酸脱氢酶水平均无明显相关(均P＞0.05).其中MTAP与CDKN2A基因表达情况还与B症状(P值分别为0.003和0.028)和国际预后指数(IPI)相关(P值分别为0.001和0.011).此外,生存分析结果显示,MTAP、CDKN2A和CDKN2B基因表达水平与患者总生存期相关(P值分别为0.022、0.019和0.042).结论 MTAP、CDKN2A和CDKN2B基因在DLBCL中呈低水平表达,与疾病进展和患者预后有关,可作为反映其生物学行为和评估患者临床疗效的分子标志物.     

Breakfast, blood glucose, and cognition

This article compares the findings of three studies that explored the role of increased blood glucose in improving memory function for subjects who ate breakfast. An initial improvement in memory function for these subjects was found to correlate with blood glucose concentrations. In subsequent studies, morning fasting was found to adversely affect the ability to recall a word list and a story read aloud, as well as recall items while counting backwards. Failure to eat breakfast did not affect performance on an intelligence test. It was concluded that breakfast consumption preferentially influences tasks requiring aspects of memory. In the case of both word list recall and memory while counting backwards, the decline in performance associated with not eating breakfast was reversed by the consumption of a glucose-supplemented drink. Although a morning fast also affected the ability to recall a story read aloud, the glucose drink did not reverse this decline. It appears that breakfast consumption influences cognition via several mechanisms, including an increase in blood glucose.     

Ambulatory blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure reduction and plasma catecholamines

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Controversial data have been reported on plasma catecholamines in hypertensives. Aims of this study were to find whether 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure was correlated with circulating catecholamines and to investigate whether nocturnal blood pressure reduction was associated with baseline plasma catecholamines. Samples for catecholamine determination were obtained in 34 consecutive male subjects after a 30-minute rest and before ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. RESULTS: Hypertensive patients (n = 22; 24-hour blood pressure: 145 +/- 14/94 +/- 6 mm Hg) showed similar norepinephrine and epinephrine levels when compared with normotensives (n = 12; 24-hour blood pressure: 124 +/- 6/81 +/- 6 mm Hg), and higher dopamine values (hypertensives: 64.6 +/- 58; normotensives: 26.2 +/- 31 pg/ml; p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between dopamine and diastolic nocturnal blood pressure (p < 0.05) while a negative correlation was found between dopamine and nocturnal diastolic blood pressure reduction (p < 0.025). No significant relationship was observed between both norepinephrine and epinephrine, and 24-hour blood pressures. CONCLUSIONS: Since previous reports have documented malfunctioning of dopaminergic system in hypertension, the higher levels of circulating plasma dopamine found in hypertensive patients in the present study may account for a peripheral compensatory increase. The correlation between dopamine and nocturnal blood pressure fall seems to indicate that the impairment of dopaminergic system may influence the 24-hour blood pressure profile, affecting the nocturnal blood pressure reduction.     

Comparative effects of propofol, pentobarbital, and isoflurane on cerebral blood flow and blood volume

While intravenous and volatile anesthetics have widely differing effects on cerebral blood flow (CBF), clinical studies suggest that the relative differences in their effects on intracranial pressure (ICP) may be smaller. Because acute changes in ICP are determined primarily by changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV), we compared the impact of propofol, pentobarbital, and isoflurane on CBF and CBV in rats. Equipotent doses of the three agents were determined by tail-clamp studies. Animals were then anesthetized with propofol (20 mg/kg load, 38 mg.kg-1.h-1 infusion), pentobarbital (30 mg/kg load, 20 mg.kg-1.h-1 infusion), or isoflurane 1.6-1.8%. Two hours later, CBF and CBV were measured using 3H-nicotine as a CBF tracer, and 14C-dextran and 99mTc-labeled red cells as markers for cerebral plasma and red blood cell volumes (CPV and CRBCV), respectively. Total CBV was the sum of CPV and CRBCV. CBF was 2.0-2.6 times greater with isoflurane than with propofol or pentobarbital (137 vs. 67 and 52 ml.100 g-1.min-1, respectively). By contrast, while CBV was greater in the isoflurane group than in either the propofol or pentobarbital groups, the magnitude of the intergroup differences were much smaller (propofol = 2.49 +/- 0.28 ml/100 g; pentobarbital = 2.27 +/- 0.15 ml/100 g; isoflurane = 2.77 +/- 0.24 ml/100 g, mean +/- SD). These results suggest that the simple measurement of CBF may not adequately describe the cerebrovascular effects of an anesthetic, at least with respect to predicting the magnitude of the agents likely effects on ICP.     

Salt intake, blood pressure, and cardiovascular structure

Epidemiologic data revealed that a low sodium intake might have a favorable influence on blood pressure throughout an individual's lifetime. Sodium restriction was reported to lead to a modest fall in blood pressure in some studies, although a few groups of hypertensive patients experienced a rise in blood pressure. Left ventricular hypertrophy has been demonstrated to be related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality independent of other risk factors. Dietary salt intake participates in the hypertrophic process independent of other determinants. Thus, 24-hour urinary sodium excretion has been reported to correlate with left ventricular mass independent of levels of arterial pressure. Three different mechanisms may link dietary salt intake to myocardial hypertrophy: the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the sympathetic nervous system, and fluid volume homeostasis. Whether salt restriction reduces cardiovascular structural damage independent of arterial pressure has not been determined.     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in placenta, maternal blood, umbilical cord blood and milk of Indian women

Human placenta, umbilical cord blood, maternal blood and breast milk samples from mothers were analysed for the presence of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Benzo(a) pyrene (B(a)P), dibenzo(a,c)anthracene (DBA) and chrysene (Chy) were detected in all the four types of sample. Levels of dibenzo(a,c)anthracene were higher in the above samples compared with the other two PAHs. Umbilical cord blood and breast milk samples showed relatively high concentrations of all the three PAHs and thus demonstrated that the developing foetus/new born were exposed to these carcinogenic environmental contaminants. The possible implications of PAHs in relation to human health are discussed.     

Partitioning of dioxins, dibenzofurans, and coplanar PCBS in blood, milk, adipose tissue, placenta and cord blood from five American women

Partitioning of dioxins, dibenzofurans and the dioxin-like coplanar PCBs was determined by congener-specific high resolution gc-ms analysis of compounds in 6 tissue samples each from 5 women. Samples were whole blood obtained prior to delivery; maternal adipose tissue, cord blood and placenta obtained during cesarean section delivery; and whole blood and milk taken at the time of first obstetrical follow-up examination, one to two months following delivery. All women lived in upstate New York. Specimens were collected in late 1995 and early 1996. Mean measured levels of total PCDDs, PCDFs and coplanar PCBs were 352 pg/g for adipose tissue, 526 pg/g for predelivery blood, 182 pg/g for placenta, 165 pg/g for cord blood, 352 pg/g for postpartum blood and 220 pg/g for milk. Mean total TEQ levels were 11.6 pg/g TEQ for adipose tissue, 12.1 pg/g TEQ for predelivery blood, 10.5 pg/g TEQ for placenta, 5.8 pg/g TEQ for cord blood, 10.0 pg/g TEQ for postpartum blood and 10.2 pg/g TEQ for milk.     

The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on hemostasis, fibrinolysis, and blood rheology in autologous blood donors

We report three cases of Castleman's disease mimicking the features of collagen disease. Case 1: A 39-year-old woman presented with intermittent arthralgia and fever. Laboratory findings were positive results for antinuclear antibody (80x speckled type), the LE test, anti-SSA antibody, anti-RNP antibody, and Coombs test. The patient was suspected to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or Sj?gren syndrome, but a lymph node biopsy revealed the plasma cell type of Castleman's disease. Steroid treatment led to resolution of her symptoms. Case 2: A 60-year-old man with mixed type Castleman's disease had proteinuria with renal dysfunction, autoimmune thrombocytopenia, antinuclear antibody, anti-RNP antibody, anti-DNA antibody and anti-cardiolipin antibody. The patient was suspected to have SLE but cervical lymph node biopsy revealed the mixed type of Castleman's disease. Symptoms were not controlled with steroid therapy. He developed renal failure that required for hemodialysis and died of gastrointestinal bleeding due to severe thrombocytopenia. Case 3: A 46-year-old woman had Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactylia, and nail fold bleeding. Laboratory tests were revealed positive for antinuclear antibody, anti-ENA antibody, and LE cell preparation. Radiographic study showed multiple masses in the retroperitoneal spaces, which necessitated laparotomy. Firstly, the patient was suspected to have systemic sclerosis or mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). A biopsy revealed the hyaline-vascular type of Castleman's disease. The serum level of IL-6 by ELISA was high in all of three cases. In case 1, symptoms improved and the IL-6 level normalized after steroid treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)