GaN HEMT器件微波噪声模型参数提取

介绍了两种可以用于GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)器件建模的噪声模型,Pu-cel等效电路噪声模型和Pospieszalski温度噪声模型.基于Pucel等效电路噪声模型,介绍了利用器件本征噪声参数推导Pucel噪声模型参数的过程,并且给出了微波噪声模型参数的表达式.利用上述方法,针对200 μm栅宽的GaN HEMT器件,提取了噪声模型参数值,并且在ADS仿真软件平台上建立了GaN HEMT器件的Pucel等效电路噪声模型,仿真结果与实测结果在频率为4～18 GHz带宽内吻合较好,说明提出的噪声模型参数提取方法对于GaN HEMT器件噪声仿真的实用性和准确性.     

具有高击穿电压的AlN背势垒AlGaN/GaN/AlN HEMT材料

采用金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)技术在4英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)蓝宝石衬底上制备了1.2μm厚的AlN背势垒的AlGaN/GaN/AlN双异质结高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)材料,其AlGaN势垒层表面粗糙度(RMS)、二维电子气(2DEG)迁移率以及HEMT材料的弯曲度都较为接近于常规的高阻GaN背势垒结构的HEMT材料。由于AlN晶格常数较小,具有AlN背势垒的HEMT材料受到了更大的压应力。通过对比分析两种HEMT材料所制备的器件发现,受益于AlN背势垒层更高的禁带宽度和临界电场,由AlN背势垒HEMT材料所制备的器件三端关态击穿电压为常规高阻GaN背势垒HEMT器件的1.5倍,缓冲层漏电流则较常规高阻GaN背势垒HEMT器件低2～3个数量级。     

基于AlN和GaN形核层的AlGaN/GaN HEMT外延材料和器件对比

使用金属有机物化学气相淀积(MOCVD)方法在蓝宝石衬底上分别采用AlN和GaN作为形核层生长了AlGaN/GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)外延材料,并进行了器件制备和性能分析.通过原子力显微镜(AFM)、高分辨率X射线双晶衍射仪(HR-XRD)和二次离子质谱仪(SIMS)等仪器对两种样品进行了对比分析,结果表明采用AlN形核层的GaN外延材料具有更低的位错密度,且缓冲层中氧元素的拖尾现象得到有效地抑制.器件直流特性显示,与基于GaN形核层的器件相比,基于AlN形核层的器件泄漏电流低3个数量级.脉冲Ⅰ-Ⅴ测试发现基于GaN形核层的HEMT器件受缓冲层陷阱影响较大,而基于AlN形核层的HEMT器件缓冲层陷阱作用不明显.     

GaN HEMT外延材料表征技术研究进展

氮化镓(GaN)作为第三代半导体材料的典型代表,具有高击穿电场强度和高热导率等优异的物理特性,是制作高频微波器件和大功率电力电子器件的理想材料.GaN外延材料的质量决定了高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)的性能,不同材料特征的表征需要不同的测量工具和技术,进而呈现器件性能的优劣.综述了GaN HEMT外延材料的表征技术,详细介绍了几种表征技术的应用场景和近年来国内外的相关研究进展,简要总结了外延材料表征技术的发展趋势,为GaN HEMT外延层的材料生长和性能优化提供了反馈和指导.     

具有栅源间本征GaN调制层的AlGaN/GaN HEMT

为解决常规AlGaN/GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)因源极电子注入栅极右侧高场区造成的雪崩击穿,并提高器件的击穿电压,提出了一种具有栅源间本征GaN (i-GaN)调制层的新型AlGaN/GaN HEMT结构.新结构器件在反向耐压时将调制层下方部分区域的二维电子气(2DEG)完全耗尽,扩展了沟道的夹断区,有效阻止了源极电子向栅极右侧高场区的注入.仿真结果表明,通过设置适当的调制层长度和厚度,器件的击穿电压可从常规结构的862 V提升至新结构的1086 V,增幅达26％.同时,GaN调制层会微幅增大器件的比导通电阻,对阈值电压也具有一定的提升作用.     

GaN基HEMT器件的优化设计

针对氮化镓(GaN)高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)器件自热效应以及电流崩塌效应导致器件性能退化和失效的问题,研究了通过合理改变器件参数尺寸优化GaN基HEMT器件的设计,提高器件性能。通过仿真软件模拟了器件各参数对于GaN器件电学性能的影响,分析了不同衬底构成对GaN HEMT器件自热效应的影响,系统研究了GaN HEMT器件相关参数改变对自热效应及器件电学性能的影响。结果表明:Si及金刚石组成的衬底中减小Si层的厚度有利于减小器件的自热效应,降低有源区最高温度。为提高器件性能以及进一步优化GaN基HEMT器件设计提供了一定的理论参考。     

微波、毫米波GaN HEMT与MMIC的新进展

综述了近几年微波、毫米波氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管(GaN HEMT)与单片微波集成电路(MMIC)在高效率、宽频带、高功率和先进热管理等方面的应用创新进展.介绍了基于GaN HEMT器件所具有的高功率密度和高击穿电压,采用波形工程原理设计的各类开关模式的高效率功率放大器,以及基于GaN HEMT器件的高功率密度、高阻抗的特点与先进的宽带拓扑电路和功率合成技术相结合的宽频带和高功率放大器.详细介绍了微波高端和毫米波段的高效率、宽频带和高功率放大器,多功能电路和多功能集成的GaN MMIC.最后阐述了由于GaN HEMT的功率密度是其他半导体器件的数倍,其先进热管理的创新研究也成为热点.     

GaN基HEMT器件的优化设计北大核心CSCD

针对氮化镓(GaN)高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)器件自热效应以及电流崩塌效应导致器件性能退化和失效的问题,研究了通过合理改变器件参数尺寸优化GaN基HEMT器件的设计,提高器件性能。通过仿真软件模拟了器件各参数对于GaN器件电学性能的影响,分析了不同衬底构成对GaN HEMT器件自热效应的影响,系统研究了GaN HEMT器件相关参数改变对自热效应及器件电学性能的影响。结果表明:Si及金刚石组成的衬底中减小Si层的厚度有利于减小器件的自热效应,降低有源区最高温度。为提高器件性能以及进一步优化GaN基HEMT器件设计提供了一定的理论参考。     

GaN HEMT可靠性光学测试技术研究进展

氮化镓(GaN)高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)具有高工作电压、大功率密度、高截止频率等特点,被广泛应用于微波射频领域。然而GaN材料内部的结构缺陷降低了GaN HEMT的可靠性,因此研究器件的结构缺陷对于提升其可靠性具有重要意义。综述了电致发光(EL)、光致发光(PL)、阴极荧光(CL)、显微拉曼光谱和红外(IR)热成像五种光学测试技术的基本原理和实验系统,以及近年来国内外利用相关光学测试技术分析GaN HEMT可靠性的研究进展。分析了五种光学测试技术的优势和局限性,与电学测试技术相比,光学测试技术可以确定缺陷的类型及空间位置。不同测试技术的相互补充将为GaN HEMT可靠性研究提供更加系统化的方案。     

低成本Si基GaN微电子学的新进展

进入21世纪后,宽禁带半导体GaN微电子学发展迅速,SiC基GaN微电子学已成为微波电子学的发展主流,且正在向更高频率和更高功率密度的新一代GaN微波功率器件发展。为了降低成本,Si基GaN微电子学应运而生,在5G通信、电动汽车等绿色能源应用发展的带动下,Si基GaN微电子学已进入产业化快速发展阶段。介绍了Si基GaN微电子学在射频Si基GaN高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)新器件结构、工艺与可靠性,Si基GaN HEMT单片微波集成电路(MMIC),Si基E模功率GaN HEMT结构设计,大尺寸Si基GaN HEMT工艺,Si基GaN功率开关器件的可靠性,Si基GaN功率变换器的单片集成和高频开关Si基GaN器件的应用创新等工程化、产业化方面的最新技术进展。分析和评价了低成本Si基GaN微电子学工程化和产业化的发展态势。     

高漏偏压下AlGaN/GaN HEMT噪声性能的研究

The advent of fully integrated GaN PA-LNA circuits makes it meaningful to investigate the noise performance under high drain bias. However, noise performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs under high bias has not received worldwide attention in theoretical studies due to its complicated mechanisms. The noise value is moderately higher and its rate of increase is fast with increasing high voltage. In this paper, several possible mechanisms are proposed to be responsible for it. Impact ionization under high electric field incurs great fluctuation of carrier density, which increases the drain diffusion noise. Besides, higher gate leakage current related shot noise and a more severe self-heating effect are also contributors to the noise increase at high bias. Analysis from macroscopic and microscopic perspectives can help us to design new device structures to improve noise performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs under high bias.     

Low-Frequency Noise Characteristics in Ion-Implanted GaN-Based HEMTs

Low-frequency noise characteristics in ion-implanted GaN/AlGaN/GaN and AlGaN/GaN HEMTs were investigated. The normalized spectral noise density was about 6 dB lower in GaN/AlGaN/GaN HEMTs than in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. The normalized spectral noise density dependence on the gate length Lg indicates that the main origin of low-frequency noise is at the region under the gate in both devices. The Hooge parameters alphaH for both devices are on the order of 10^-1-10^{- 2}. The ion implantation process introduces a lot of defects in the source/drain regions, but the values of alphaH are comparable with those for conventional GaN-based HEMT devices. The values of alphaH are also lower in GaN/AlGaN/GaN HEMTs than in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs, which is due to the decrease of surface potential fluctuations in GaN/AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.     

一种紧凑的GaN高电子迁移率晶体管大信号模型拓扑

GaN高电子迁移率晶体管（HEMT）以其复杂的器件特性使其大信号建模变得十分困难,尽管EEHEMT、Angelov等模型结构曾经成功应用于GaAs HEMT/MESFET的大信号模型,但当它们被用于GaN HEMT建模时却不再准确和完备.面向GaN HEMT器件的大信号模型,本文提出了一种紧凑的模型拓扑,此模型拓扑综合了GaN HEMT器件的直流电压-电流（I-V）特性、非线性电容、寄生参数、栅延迟漏延迟与电流崩塌、自热效应以及噪声等特性.经验证此模型拓扑在仿真中具有很好的收敛性,适用于GaN HEMT器件的大信号模型的建立,满足GaN基微波电路设计对器件模型的需求.     

Recent progress of physical failure analysis of GaN HEMTs

Gallium nitride (GaN)-based high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are widely used in high power and high frequency application fields,due to the outstanding physical and chemical properties of the GaN material.However,GaN HEMTs suffer from degradations and even failures during practical applications,making physical analyses of post-failure devices extremely significant for reliability improvements and further device optimizations.In this paper,common physical characterization techniques for post failure analyses are introduced,several failure mechanisms and corresponding failure phenomena are reviewed and summarized,and finally device optimization methods are discussed.     

Noise performance in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs under high drain bias

rom macroscopic and microscopic perspectives can help us to design new device structures to improve noise performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs under high bias.     

Stability of submicron AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices irradiated by gamma rays

AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with 0.75 μm gate-length and incorporated C-doped GaN buffer layers have been exposed to gamma radiation. The devices have been irradiated to cumulative doses up to 10⁷ rad. The effect of gamma irradiation on the direct current (DC) and low-frequency noise properties of these devices have been investigated in reference to the unexposed device. The DC and noise characteristics show deteriorating device performance upon the gamma exposure. However, some DC parameters, such as transconductance, tended to recover after the irradiation. The gate leakage current and low-frequency noise power spectra indicate this trend even couple of months after the irradiation.     

Gate-structure optimization for high frequency power AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

The influence of gate-head and gate-source-spacing on the performance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs was studied.Suggestions are then made to improve the performance of high frequency power AlGaN/GaN HEMTs by optimizing the gate-structure.Reducing the field-plate length can effectively enhance gain,current gain cutoff frequency and maximum frequency of oscillation.By reducing the field-plate length,devices with 0.35 μm gate length have exhibited a current gain cutoff frequency of 30 GHz and a maximum frequency of oscillation of 80 GHz.The maximum frequency of oscillation can be further optimized either by increasing the gate-metal thickness,or by using a t-shape gate (the gate where the gate-head tends to the source side).Reducing the gate-source spacing can enhance the maximum drain-current and breakdown voltage,which is beneficial in enhancing the maximum output power of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs.     

70-nm-gated InAlN/GaN HEMTs grown on SiC substrate with fT/fmax > 160 GHz

InAlN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) on SiC substrate were fabricated and characterized. Several techniques, consisting of high electron density, 70 nm T-shaped gate, low ohmic contacts and a short drain-source distance, are integrated to gain high device performance. The fabricated InAlN/GaN HEMTs exhibit a maximum drain saturation current density of 1.65 A/mm at V_gs = 1 V and a maximum peak transconductance of 382 mS/mm. In addition, a unity current gain cut-off frequency (f_T) of 162 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency (f_max) of 176 GHz are achieved on the devices with the 70 nm gate length.     

AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with 0.2μm V-gate recesses for X-band application

正AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with 0.2μm V-gate recesses were developed.The 0.2μm recess lengths were shrunk from the 0.6μm designed gate footprint length after isotropic SiN deposition and anisotropic recessed gate dry etching.The AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with 0.2μm V-gate recesses on sapphire substrates exhibited a current gain cutoff frequency f_t of 35 GHz and a maximum frequency of oscillation f_(max) of 60 GHz.At 10 GHz frequency and 20 V drain bias,the V-gate recess devices exhibited an output power density of 4.44 W/mm with the associated power added efficiency as high as 49%.     

高频功率AlGaN/GaN HEMT 的栅结构优化

本文研究了栅帽、栅源间距对AlGaN/GaN HEMT性能的影响。基于研究结果得出了优化高频功率AlGaN/GaN HEMT栅结构的方法。缩小栅场板可以有效提高器件的增益、截止频率（ft）、最大震荡频率（fmax）。通过减小栅场板长度,栅长0.35 器件的ft达到了30GHz、fmax达到了80GHz。采用tao型栅（栅帽偏向源侧）或者增加栅金属厚度还可以进一步优化 。缩小栅源的距离可以提高饱和漏电流和击穿电压,从而提高器件的输出功率。