纯钛表面处理及其耐腐蚀性和润湿性研究

探讨不同酸蚀条件对纯钛片的腐蚀速率、润湿性的影响及其腐蚀机理,旨在为纯钛表面改性及临床应用提供实验和理论依据。采用不同类型的弱酸酸蚀体系对经抛光的纯钛片进行表面处理;视频光学接触角测量仪、扫描电子显微镜和表面粗糙度仪考察所得钛片表面性能,并分析其与润湿性关系。实验表明,接触角不断增大的同时,腐蚀速率逐渐减小。纯钛片表面的润湿性主要取决于表面形成的特殊形貌和表面基团,与表面粗糙度无直接关系。     

钛表面等离子体氧化及其对细胞粘附增殖的影响

采用真空射频辉光放电技术对喷砂酸蚀工艺处理后的钛表面进行了等离子体氧化处理,利用扫描电子显微镜、接触角测量仪及X射线光电子能谱仪研究了氧化膜对钛表面形貌和亲水性的影响以及其化学组成和价键状态;同时通过体外细胞培养研究了钛表面等离子体氧化膜对细胞粘附增殖的影响。结果表明:等离子体氧化处理保留了钛表面喷砂酸蚀形成的微观孔洞结构,获得了平均接触角低于10°的超亲水性表面;钛表面出现Ti 4+、Ti 3+和Ti 2+离子,其中主要以Ti 4+存在;相比未氧化的钛表面,氧化后的钛表面对成骨细胞的粘附增殖有更显著的促进作用,这表明钛表面等离子体氧化膜具有很好的润湿性,利于细胞的粘附增殖。     

Ti6A14V表面纳米多孔氧化膜的电解制备及形成机理研究

在(NH4)2SO4/NH4F电解液中,采用阶段升压至预定电压,然后恒压阳极氧化在Ti6A14V表面制备出纳米多孔氧化膜.利用SEM、XRD对纳米多孔氧化膜进行表征.研究表明,电解液pH值和外加电压对纳米多孔氧化膜形成和形貌影响非常大.电解液的pH值=4.O,恒压为20V时,形成孔均匀规整的纳米多孔氧化膜,孔内径约为85nm.纳米多孔氧化膜形成机理是:首先钛合金表面钝化,在F-作用下钝化表面发生孔蚀而形成原始胚胎孔,然后胚胎孔处氧化膜在电场支持下发生场致溶解而成大孔.     

Ti6Al4V表面纳米多孔氧化膜的电解制备及形成机理研究

在(NH4)2SO4/NH4F电解液中,采用阶段升压至预定电压,然后恒压阳极氧化在Ti6Al4V表面制备出纳米多孔氧化膜。利用SEM、XRD对纳米多孔氧化膜进行表征。研究表明,电解液pH值和外加电压对纳米多孔氧化膜形成和形貌影响非常大。电解液的pH值=4.0,恒压为20V时,形成孔均匀规整的纳米多孔氧化膜,孔内径约为85nm。纳米多孔氧化膜形成机理是:首先钛合金表面钝化,在F-作用下钝化表面发生孔蚀而形成原始胚胎孔,然后胚胎孔处氧化膜在电场支持下发生场致溶解而成大孔。     

钛合金髋关节假体纯钛/钛合金表面多孔层研究

为获得具有表面多孔层的Ti6Al4V合金髋关节假体,选择不含Cu,Ni等元素的钎料,采用真空钎焊方法获得了纯钛/钛合金表面多孔层.钎焊工艺参数为950℃/30min时,采用φ0.2mm以上粒径的纯钛/钛合金球形粉末,孔径大于100μm,孔隙率6.0%～8.8%,表面多孔层与基体的结合强度大于20MPa.孔径、孔隙率与结合强度均满足人体内植入要求.所采用的钎焊热循环对Ti6Al4V合金股骨柄基体的力学性能和显微组织没有明显影响,符合标准YY 0117.1的规定;生物学评价遗传毒性实验结果为阴性,初步表明钎焊获得的纯钛/Ti6Al4V合金表面多孔层具有良好的生物相容性.     

发光多孔硅的制备及其电化学成膜机制研究

研究了阳极氧化法制备多孔硅的工艺，表面形貌及电化学成膜机制。     

多孔阳极氧化铝形成机理的研究综述

铝阳极氧化已经研究了五十多年,涉及铝阳极氧化膜的实验数据十分丰富,然而阳极氧化过程的本质特别是多孔氧化膜的生长机制迄今为止还远未认识清楚。近些年,随着纳米技术的兴起,多孔氧化铝膜作为理想的纳米结构模板材料倍受国内外学者的关注,对多孔氧化铝膜形成机理的研究显得尤为重要。本文对多孔阳极氧化铝的结构、形成机制方面的历史发展和现状进行了综述。指出了大多数学者认同的“酸性场致溶解”理论的缺陷。作者认为铝多孔氧化膜形成机理的研究具有重大的理论意义和实际应用价值,同时也会促进其他多孔阳极氧化物形成机理的认识。     

SLA表面PDA/CPP复合涂层的制备及其性能研究

在大颗粒喷砂酸蚀(SLA)工艺形成的三维多级嵌套孔洞结构纯钛表面, 利用聚多巴胺(PDA)的超强粘附性和二次修饰功能, 接枝生物大分子酪蛋白磷酸肽(CPP), 制备PDA/CPP复合涂层。采用FESEM、EDS、XPS、水接触角分析仪、体外仿生矿化测试以及人骨髓间充质干细胞(hBMSCs)实验对样品表面进行表征分析和性能测试。结果表明, 两步浸泡法成功在SLA表面制得PDA/CPP复合涂层。该涂层在保留SLA多孔形貌的同时, 使水接触角从47.7°减小到25.5°, 明显提高了SLA表面亲水性; 在模拟体液浸泡1 d后的修饰表面即沉积了致密羟基磷灰石(HA), 说明PDA/CPP显著加快了SLA表面生物矿化的速度。同时, SLA/PDA/CPP表面细胞粘附、增殖以及矿化活性都得到了明显改善。     

纯钛微弧氧化阳极工艺过程模型的建立及实验研究

对纯钛微弧氧化陶瓷膜在工艺过程中的生长规律进行了实验研究,分析了陶瓷层表面形貌、厚度、相结构等不同生长阶段的特点。基于微弧氧化工艺过程阳极等效电路,建立了电极电压、电流密度、频率、占空比、时间等工艺参数对陶瓷膜性能影响的理论模型。模型分析结果表明:在陶瓷层成膜后,随着膜层厚度的增加,金红石相TiO2相对含量增加;膜层厚度不变时,工艺过程趋于停止。模型分析与实验结果是吻合的,为提高陶瓷膜层性能并改善微弧氧化工艺提供了理论基础。     

超亲水多孔TiO_2薄膜的制备及其超亲水机理研究

以钛酸四丁酯为钛前体,聚乙二醇(PEG)为成孔剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备多孔TiO2薄膜。结果表明,该薄膜具有多孔表面特征,表面粗糙不平,在避光的条件下与水接触角小于5°。当煅烧温度为450℃以及煅烧时间为2h时,得到的样品超亲水性能为最佳。同时,还探讨了薄膜超亲水性能的形成机理,薄膜的超亲水特性是由光催化物质以及粗糙表面共同作用的,并且表观接触角是服从Cassie-Baxter模型。     

仿生超滑表面的飞秒激光微纳制造及应用

仿猪笼草的超滑表面由于可以抵抗多种液体的粘附,具有优异的稳定性与自修复性,受到越来越广泛的关注.而飞秒激光由于其对加工材料的普适性、高精度,以及高可控性,成为仿生超滑表面制备的有力手段.本文以仿猪笼草的超滑表面为背景,以飞秒激光微加工技术为手段.从超滑表面的飞秒激光微纳制备和应用两个方面,概述了超滑表面的微纳制造和应用...     

微纳结构超疏水表面的浸润性及防冰性能

以Ti合金为基体材料,通过超快激光加工微结构并复合纳米SiO₂/氟化聚氨酯涂料,获得微纳结构的涂层表面,并与涂料喷涂获得的纳米涂层表面和未处理的Ti合金表面进行对比分析。分别采用扫描电镜、超景深显微镜、接触角和冰结合力测量仪,研究分析未处理Ti合金表面、纳米结构表面、微纳结构表面的形貌、疏水性、防覆冰性能。结果表明:具有微纳结构的涂层表面具有最佳的超疏水性,接触角为158.9°;与未处理Ti合金表面、纳米结构表面相比,微纳结构表面冰结合力显著降低,表面冰结合强度约为410 kPa。      

The structure of porous nickel titanium reinforced by monolithic nickel titanium

The structure and elemental composition of a composite representing porous nickel titanium reinforced by a monolithic nickel titanium rod (TN-10 alloy) have been studied. The structures of the initial TiNi powder (PN55T45S grade), the porous and monolithic parts of this composite, and the transition regions between these parts have been studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM 515). Elemental compositions of the TiNi matrix phase and secondary phase inclusions were determined using an electron probe microanalyzer (JEOL JSM 840). It is established that there is no clear interface between the sintered porous and monolithic parts of the composite. Instead, the TiNi particles and monolithic TN-10 alloy rod exhibit complete mutual dissolution. The elemental composition of the TiNi matrix region exhibits rather insignificant variations between monolithic and porous parts.     

粉末冶金法制备多孔金属钛免疫隔离材料

采用粉末冶金工艺制备出微米孔径且孔隙率较高的多孔钛免疫隔离材料，分析了压制压力、烧结温度等因素对多孔金属钛孔径及孔隙率的影响。试验结果表明，随着压制压力的提高，钛粉末烧结后平均孔径尺寸和孔隙率逐渐减小，孔隙分布和孔径尺寸较均一。烧结温度对多孔金属钛影响显著，随烧结温度的升高，平均孔径尺寸逐渐增大，孔隙率先略有上升后逐渐降低。     

阳极多孔氧化铝的斜孔形成过程及机理

研究了在草酸、磷酸不同电压条件下,阳极氧化铝(AAO)的孔结构特点。在较高电压下(60～120V),孔发生倾斜,并随电压的增大而加剧。通过建立与阻挡层/金属界面的应力有关的流模型对这一现象进行解释,并发现孔倾斜是AAO从无序到有序的一个自组织的现象。     

Study on double-glow plasma niobium surface alloying of pure titanium

A niobium modified layer on a pure titanium surface was obtained by means of a double-glow plasma surface alloying technique. Microstructure and phases resident in the alloy layer were analyzed. The processing parameters and effects of cathode sputtering before the diffusion process were also studied. The results show that the surface niobium content in the modified layer is similar to that in the Ti-45Nb alloy, and decreases gradually from the surface into the underlying substrate. The oxidation behavior of the modified pure titanium at 900 °C was noticeably improved after the niobium alloying process. Characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The oxidation mechanism is also discussed.     

The physicomechanical properties and structure of superelastic porous titanium nickelide-based alloys

The results are given investigations of the structural and physicomechanical properties in porous titanium nickelide, and these results are compared with analogous properties in cast alloys.     

Participation of gases in the surface formation during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of porous nickel titanium

The participation of gases in the product surface formation during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of porous nickel titanium (TiNi) alloys has been studied. The alloy-surface structure was analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques. A dense surface layer formed under the action of dual-origin gases has been found. It is established that impurity gases involved in heat transfer from the reaction zone to porous alloy structure formation region cause liquation and the appearance of Ti-reach surface melt. It is suggested that chemical inertness of porous alloy samples studied is ensured by a surface layer of fine-grained refractory carbooxynitrides formed as a result of the interaction of the surface melt with impurities of the protective gas atmosphere in the reactor.     

Formation mechanism of hydride precipitation in commercially pure titanium

Since titanium has high affinity for hydrogen and reacts reversibly with hydrogen,the precipitation of titanium hydrides in titanium and its alloys cannot be ignored.Two most common hydride precipitates in α-Ti matrix are γ-hydride and δ-hydride,however their mechanisms for precipitation are still unclear.In the present study,we find that both γ-hydride and δ-hydride phases with different specific orienta-tions were randomly precipitated in the as-received hot forged commercially pure Ti.In addition,a large amount of the titanium hydrides can be introduced into Ti matrix with selective precipitation by using electrochemical treatment.Cs-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy is used to study the precipitation mechanisms of the two hydrides.It is revealed that the γ-hydride and δ-hydride precipita-tions are both formed through slip + shuffle mechanisms involving a unit of two layers of titanium atoms,but the difference is that the γ-hydride is formed by prismatic slip corresponding to hydrogen occupy-ing the octahedral sites of α-Ti,while the δ-hydride is formed by basal slip corresponding to hydrogen occupying the tetrahedral sites of cα-Ti.