磨损与磨损可靠性

针对机械产品中大量存在的磨损失效问题,分析了常见的磨损失效类型及其主要影响因素,给出了国内外目前主要的计算磨损量的数学模型,最后结合算例对机构磨损可靠性的计算模型进行了阐述。     

磨损与磨损可靠性

针对机械产品中大量存在的磨损失效问题,分析了常见的磨损失效类型及其主要影响因素,给出了国内外目前主要的计算磨损量的数学模型,最后结合算例对机构磨损可靠性的计算模型进行了阐述.     

复杂构型凸轮机构磨损可靠性分析

凸轮机构在机械传动系统中具有广泛的应用性,而磨损是导致凸轮传动失效的主要原因之一。针对这一现象,针对复杂轮廓外形的分时凸轮机构,在系统可靠性的理论基础上提出了相应的磨损可靠性分析方法。以某型飞机手柄机构的分时传动凸轮为例,考虑到其运动规律根据凸轮轮廓变化的分段相异性,分别计算了其三运动阶段下的磨损失效概率,根据系统可靠性理论得到凸轮整体的磨损失效概率。在此基础上分析凸轮尺寸变量对磨损失效概率的影响,其分析结果可为工程设计提供有益参考。     

磨损的随机模糊失效概率计算方法

首先对磨损量的分布进行了计算分析，得出了体积磨损量服从正态分布的结论，然后提出了模糊磨损失效状态的概念，给出了只考虑磨损随机性和同时考虑随机性与模糊性的磨损失效概率的计算方法，讨论了不同参数的变化对磨损安全的影响。此计算方法不仅可以用于单个失效模式，而且可以推广至系统分析的多个失效模式。     

基于ADAMS的某型炮闩系统关键件磨损寿命计算

基于ADAMS建立了以碰撞为特征的某型炮闩系统虚拟样机平台,分析了炮闩系统中关键件的磨损对炮闩动作的影响,提出了磨损失效是炮闩故障的主要模式;借助磨损试验机获得了配对材料副的磨损规律,并基于虚拟样机获得的载荷谱和运动学参量,计算出挡弹机构凸轮外廓的磨损失效寿命,填补了当前对于磨损研究多停留在实验状态,没能切实用于工程实际磨损计算的空白.     

静压轴承磨损的失效模式分析

利用系统失效树法对造成静压轴承磨损失效的各种可能性进行了分析,并通过求失效树的最小割集给出了引起静压轴承磨损失效的全部失效模式,从而为这类轴承进行磨损失效的预测和诊断提供了依据。     

基于ANSYS的O形密封圈磨损仿真方法研究

针对多型采用O形密封圈的产品磨损失效且无相关磨损仿真手段的现状,基于ARCHARD的摩擦磨损模型,利用ANSYS软件结构分析与热分析功能,提出了一种用于进行O形密封圈磨损仿真计算的方法。仿真过程中综合考虑了接触压力和摩擦热对摩擦磨损的影响,采用网格重构的方法解决了仿真过程中难于对材料磨损进行模拟的问题,并将仿真过程以编程的方式实现。结合工程实际,提出了判断O形密封圈磨损失效的依据。给出了应用此方法进行计算的具体算例。     

离心风机叶轮叶片的磨损与防磨措施

根据实际磨损失效形式，探讨了离心风机叶轮叶片各种可能的磨损机理和主要影响因素，提出了一系列防磨减磨措施。     

谐波减速器柔轮摩擦磨损及失效机理研究进展

谐波减速器柔轮磨损是其传动性能退化的主要原因,柔轮磨损失效机理的研究可为谐波减速器的设计制造提供借鉴。通过国内外谐波减速器在空间润滑和失效机理两方面研究进展的介绍,对比不同润滑方式的研究成果,提出谐波减速器柔轮磨损失效机理研究方面存在的问题,及今后其摩擦磨损机理的研究方向。     

煤制氢激冷气装置三通磨损数值模拟

采用标准k-ε湍流模型、颗粒随机轨道模型（DPM）和冲蚀磨损模型,对气固两相流冲蚀条件下的煤制氢三通及下游管道的壁面磨损率和管内速度特性进行了数值计算。计算数据表明,支管与主管转角处以及主管下游两侧是易磨损位置,流动磨损失效案例的解剖分析验证了数值预测的准确性。研究可为含固多相流管道磨损预测与优化设计提供参考。     

Evidence of Superposition between Grooving Abrasion and Rolling Abrasion

In ball-cratering wear tests, two abrasive wear modes are commonly observed, grooving abrasion and rolling abrasion, which act in distinct areas. Observing this tendency, the aim of this article is to discuss the characterization of an intermediate condition, in which the superposition of the grooving and the rolling abrasive wear modes is observed. This phenomenon is referred to as microrolling abrasion due to the following particular characteristic: the rolling abrasion was found to act on the grooving abrasion. Additionally, in a defined sliding distance range and normal force range, microrolling abrasion is qualitatively observed to be proportional to the sliding distance and inversely proportional to the normal force.     

Study of abrasive wear phenomena in dry and slurry 3-body conditions

Machinery and equipment used in abrasive environments, such as the mining industry, suffer from severe wear. In order to understand wear and to prolong the life time of the machinery, it is important to understand how materials respond to wear depending on the environmental and tribological conditions imposed.This paper exposes a comparative study between the influence of two abrasive environments (dry and slurry) on hard particle coatings and steels. To study this, the 3-body wear behaviour was evaluated in a dry environment using a continuous abrasion test (CAT) and in a slurry environment using a slurry steel wheel abrasion test (SSWAT) method. Both tests are capable of experimentally modelling the high stress wear at 45 N and 216 N, using quartz sand as an abrasive. The tests were performed on two types of coatings processed by sintering and hardfacing and martensitic steel was used as a reference. The wear was indicated as volume loss by measuring the samples before and after the tests. Furthermore, the specific wear energy was calculated in order to have a fundamental understanding about the material's response to wear. A correlation between the wear rate and the particle brakeage index (PBI) was done for the dry conditions using different loads, in order to explain the interdependence between the two parameters and the change in the wear mechanism between the two loads. The influence of load on the wear of the materials showed different wear mechanisms on coatings compared to the steel in the same environmental conditions. However, a change in wear mechanism at different load levels was observed, which might be directly dependent on the change of the particle's motion from sliding to rolling combined with the change in their shape and size. The results showed that the need to study the influence of different abrasive conditions on the material wear is crucial in order to improve the lifetime and the cost efficiency of the machinery used in such environments. The hard-particle coatings showed comparatively low wear rates promising a great potential in improving the lifetime of industrial equipments in different environments.     

新型陶瓷刀具材料的磨损性能研究

研究了Al2O3/SiC/（W，Ti）C新型陶瓷刀具材料在切削铸铁时的耐磨性能。结果表明：在低速发削铸铁时，该陶瓷刀具表现出良好的耐磨性能，其磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损；在高速切削铸铁时，由于化学反应和溶解磨损的共同作用，导致粘结磨损加剧，从而降低了该陶瓷刀具材料的耐磨性能。     

Abrasion resistance of nanostructured and conventional cemented carbides

The abrasion resistance of nanostructured WC-Co composites, synthesized by a novel spray conversion method, is determined and compared with that of conventional materials. Scratching by diamond indenter and abrasion by hard (diamond), soft (zirconia) and intermediate (SiC) abrasives was investigated. The size of the scratch formed by the diamond is simply related to the hardness of the composite. Plastic deformation, fracture and fragmentation of the WC grains increase with their size. Nanoscale composites show purely ductile scratch formation. Nanocomposites possess an abrasion resistance approximately double that of the most resistant conventional material: this is a higher gain than the increase in hardness which is at most 23%. This large gain is due to a specific grain size effect on abrasion resistance in the case of diamond and SiC abrasive and to a very rapid increase of abrasion resistance with hardness in the case of the softer (SiC and ZrO₂) abrasives. The observation of the abraded surfaces of conventional composites reproduced the known mechanisms: plastic deformation and fracture of WC grains by hard abrasives; removal of binder phase and fall-out of WC by soft abrasives. Magnetic fields from the ferromagnetic Co prevent the observation of abrasion mechanisms in the very fine-structured nanocomposites.     

水轮机过流部件磨蚀机理的研究

分析了水轮机过渡部件磨蚀的特点,总结出过流部件的磨蚀主要是冲蚀磨损,气蚀破坏及它们的联合作用。决定冲磨损的关键因素是材料的弹性模量,影响气蚀破坏的主要因素是材料的硬度,提出了提高过流部件抗磨蚀性能的方法。     

Scratch and wear performance of prosthetic femoral head components against crosslinked UHMWPE sockets

Total hip arthroplasty is a highly successful procedure where the hip joint is replaced by an artificial ball and socket joint. Bearing wear continues to be a contributing factor to implant failure. Prosthetic femoral heads roughen in vivo which leads to increased wear. Along with the introduction of improved polyethylene which reduces wear by up to 99%, improved femoral head materials have been introduced to improve resistance to abrasion. The abrasion resistance of two of these improved femoral heads was assessed in this study and compared to a cobalt chromium (CoCr) femoral head. The resulting wear performance against a polyethylene acetabular component was assessed. The bulk ceramic (zirconia toughened alumina) femoral head exhibited superior abrasion resistance compared to CoCr (97% reduction in damage) as well as reduced wear after abrasion (97% reduction in wear). The oxide coated zirconium niobium femoral head showed inferior abrasion resistance compared to CoCr (99% increase in damage) as well as increased wear after abrasion (161% increase in wear). Both femoral head surfaces utilize hard ceramic materials, however, the thin ceramic coating on top of a softer metallic substrate of the oxide coated bearing was unable to withstand aggressive abrasion.     

Abrasion of cemented carbides by small grits

The abrasion properties of a series of cemented carbides with different carbide grain sizes, different amounts and types of binder phases have been investigated under varied conditions. Abrasion results from other works are also incorporated for comparison reasons. The results are interpreted in the light of a previously published model for the abrasion properties of multiphase materials, although this is the first time this model is applied to materials with very high amounts of hardphase. It is confirmed that the abrasion resistance of tungsten carbide–cobalt materials may vary considerably, also for fixed amounts of metal and hardphase. Not only the wear resistance level but also the ranking depends both on the test conditions and on the microstructure. It is further showed that some nano-crystalline materials posses a wear resistance superior to those of the pure carbide material.     

煤矿机械磨损失效分析方法和抗磨措施

为了降低煤矿机械零部件的磨损,提高使用寿命和可靠性,分析了煤矿机械的工况特点和磨损特性,总结了磨损失效分析的一般方法,提出了抗磨措施。     

Abrasion–Corrosion Behaviors of Steel–Steel Contact in Seawater Containing Abrasive Particles

Materials working in slurries containing seawater and abrasive particles degrade gradually because of the synergic effects of mechanical wear and electrochemical corrosion. In this study, the abrasion–corrosion behaviors of a steel–steel tribopair in an environment with artificial seawater and SiO₂/Al₂O₃ particles were investigated. Corrosion is responsible for surface degradation at low concentrations of SiO₂ particles, whereas abrasion is the primary cause for steel damage at high SiO₂ concentrations. When Al₂O₃ particles were used, abrasion was found to be the dominant factor for material loss at all concentrations. Results from this study indicate that at low concentrations of hard particles, abrasion–corrosion behavior is determined by the properties of particles.