高职院校VR钳工实训室建设研究

虚拟现实技术的日趋完善使高职院校建设虚拟仿真实训室成为可能。虚拟现实实训室的建设可起到节约成本、缓解资源短缺、支撑人才发展等作用。虚拟现实技术为学生提供了生动、逼真的实践教学环境,在培养学生的实践能力、研究能力、创新能力和综合素质等方面有着传统教学环节不能替代的作用。本文对虚拟现实技术在钳工实训室建设当中的应用提供建议。     

产学结合:开发以BIM为基础的设备、电气、给排水和消防专业协同教学单元

作者采用产学结合的方式,致力于开发出一种教育单元原型,以用于对学生进行最优化BIM[1]使用的教学。这种优化使用方法基于施工管理流程,有利于协调设备、电气、给排水和消防(MEPF)的设计安排。基于一家著名建筑公司的先验基础,该教育单元原型强调了在统筹复杂的、真正的项目方面所吸取的经验教训,并整合了亲身实践的互动实践经验。作者记录并讨论了模型的创建过程,力求同时在理论和实践上解释BIM。本模块通过采用流程图,重要事件、动态三维模型以及通过互动练习的方式来对BIM工作流程进行审慎评估。作者采用了屏幕录制软件Adobe Captivate及大量其它的BIM工具,并结合演示视频强调了由不同专业的项目团队成员开发的几个BIM模型的组装、绘图和外观检查。交互式的课外作业使得学生对MEPF硬件和软件的冲突检查和协调问题进行探讨。这些作业促使学生经过认真思考后查明来源,消除冗余,并为各种冲突现象制定出解决方案。后继工作将尽力促进对MEPF专业协同教学模块的扩大与发展,并开发其它与BIM相关的特定领域的教学模块。     

虚拟现实技术在中国古建筑教育的应用——斗拱文化体验式教学软件的设计与实现

近年来虚拟现实技术日渐成熟,已经逐步应用在教育领域。为优化教育方式、实践教育改革,文章利用虚拟现实技术设计并实现了佛光寺斗拱文化体验式教学软件。针对佛光寺斗拱复杂度高、分辨构件难等问题,利用虚拟现实沉浸性、交互性、想象性的优势,构建一个交互式的虚拟仿真环境,让建筑类专业学生可以亲自动手参与斗拱搭建的过程。此斗拱文化体验式教学软件相较于传统的学习方式趣味度和知识保留程度更高,揭示了虚拟现实技术在古建筑教育领域使用的有效性,对传承中国古建筑文化有积极意义。     

The Open City and the e[ad] School of Architecture and Design

Located in Ritoque on central Chile's Pacific coast, Open City is a unique community established in the 1970s by faculty members from the nearby e[ad] school of architecture at the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso. Here Professor David Jolly Monge , a founding member of the Open City, and Guest-Editors Christian Hermansen Cordua and Michael Hensel describe how the construction of structures on the site offer the collective community and students alike ongoing opportunities for ‘thinking, research and experimentation’.     

基于VISAM模型的施工动态仿真建模方法研究

施工动态仿真的复杂建模过程限制了其在工程领域得到推广并作为辅助管理决策的有效手段.提出了一种新的仿真建模方法,采用真实施工场景下交互式仿真智能体模型来构建仿真系统,在真实施工场景下创建实体模型,设置仿真属性,建立智能体规则库,构建仿真模型拓扑关系,并在高度沉浸感的环境下进行交互式仿真控制,简化了仿真建模过程,提高了施工仿真的直观性和可接受性.     

居住建筑设计教学改革的实践

居住建筑设计是建筑学专业的重要学习内容,但是,传统的教学计划和方式已经不利于学科的发展和知识更新。针对这种情况,从调整教学计划、改革教学方法、更新设计任务书等几个方面入手,整合住宅建筑设计和住宅施工图设计,开展互动教学,引导学生积极参与,造出良好的教学效果。     

工程管理专业虚拟仿真教学建设意愿与阻碍因素研究

新一轮科技革命和产业变革背景下，虚拟仿真教学为工程管理专业提供了全新的信息汇总渠道和高质量的实践操作模块，拓展了实验教学的深度和广度，实现了实验教学与信息技术的融合。为深入了解新工科背景下工程管理专业建设虚拟仿真教学项目的建设情况，本研究面向全国工程管理专业教师开展问卷调查，收集了当前工程管理专业中虚拟仿真教学项目建设数据，通过了解工程管理专业虚拟仿真教学项目建设意愿，分析了建设虚拟仿真教学项目的阻碍因素，并提出了对策和建议。数据显示，仅有22.54%的受访者申请或参与了虚拟仿真教学课程建设，超过90%的受访者认为虚拟仿真教学对工程管理与工程造价专业人才培养来说很重要或比较重要，并认可其作用。其中，影响教学建设意愿的主要阻碍因素包括缺乏资金、技术支撑和相关资源支持等。研究结果对推动工程管理专业虚拟仿真教学项目建设具有重要实践意义，相关建议和对策可为高校相关专业教学建设提供借鉴和参考。     

基于学生知识建构的施工技术类课程“四位一体”教学方法的应用

随着对本科教学的日益重视和教育理念的转变,土木工程施工技术类课程教学改革势在必行。基于学生知识建构的教育思想,提出“四位一体”的教学方法,形成完整的教学流程,将基础施工知识与工程应用项目相结合,课堂理论教学与工地实际体验相结合,虚拟建造技术与课程知识教学相结合,学生知识建构与教师纲领引导相结合,学生自主学习与多重学习资源相结合,进一步完善土木工程施工技术知识体系的构造过程。     

研究型与应用型并重的城市规划专业人才培养方法探讨

文章结合长沙理工大学城市规划专业就业形式,以城市总体规划实习教学为例,着眼于学生实习特点,探讨城市规划专业人才培养方式。从校企合作机制,自主学习方法,实习教师队伍等方面总结了城市规划专业的实习经验,探讨研究型与应用型并重的人才培养模式。     

虚拟建造技术及其应用展望

虚拟建造是从虚拟制造概念基础上发展起来的，其本质是对实际建造施工过程的计算机模拟和预演，从而实现施工中的事前控制和动态管理。虚拟建造支撑的关键技术包括虚拟现实技术、仿真技术、优化技术、建模技术和各种软硬件环境平台，形成了虚拟建造的系统体系。虚拟建造技术的应用将会开创一个全新的数字化施工新时代。     

工程管理概论课程教学改革的探索

重庆大学建设管理与房地产学院是全国率先开设工程管理概论课程的院校之一,并取得了良好的教学效果和突出的示范效应。课程教学涵盖工程管理行业及专业的属性、特点、现状及发展趋势等内容。突出重点案例剖析、利用多媒体手段、强化教与学的互动、注重前后课程的衔接和优化课程考核方式,是提高工程管理概论课程教学质量的有效手段和方法。     

A Comparison between Industry’s and Academia’s Perceptions of a Career in Construction Education

It is well documented that real-world experience is essential in teaching the applied sciences. However, it has also been shown that faculty positions are being filled with candidates with strong research agendas but less industry experience. The aim of this study is to understand what industry’s perception of a career in academia is like and compare it to the perceptions of those actually in the profession. This is viewed as a needed first step in attracting more industry practitioners into construction education. The study surveys practitioners and faculty on how satisfying a career in CM academia is at meeting 16 factors identified as important to overall job satisfaction. The responses of both groups were compared to evaluate where industry’s perceptions did not align with those of faculty. The study also compared the workplace attributes that industry indicated they valued most and what faculty indicated a career in education provided. The study found that a terminal degree, interest in research and publishing, interest in teaching, and salary were the greatest barriers for industry practitioners to enter CM academia. The comparison of work place priority and barriers to entry was used to provide potential strategies to encourage more industry practitioners into CM education.     

2010年上海世博会场内人流模拟分析

以网上世博会参观调查的数据为基础,建立参观者参现行为的离散选择行为模型,对参现者的行为特征进行定量分析和归纳,并运用模型进行模拟,揭示了参观行为的规律,规划方案可能产生的参观人次、人流在空间上的不均衡,进而提出改进的建议。     

工程教育改革的重点及运作步骤与方法

本文讨论了教师在工程教育改革中的作用;教育过程的管理及改进目标;改进时机和步骤：包括教育目标的一致性,制定明确的战略规划及实施模式,教师和行政管理人员之间有效的合作促使教育目标的实现,教师接受培训,ASEE对教师的四项基本素质要求,教学指导中学生与教师的关系以及教学指导的准则。     

3D and VR models in Civil Engineering education: Construction,rehabilitation and maintenance

Where educational validity is concerned, a school of engineering can reasonably be expected to constantly update computational resources in frequent use in the professions. Virtual reality (VR) technology could be applied as a complement to three-dimensional (3D) modelling, leading to better communication whether in vocational training, in education or in professional practice. Techniques of 3D modelling and VR were applied to the development of models related to the construction process. The 3D models created to support rehabilitation design emerge as an important tool for the monitoring of anomalies in structures and to assist decisions based on the visual analyses of alternative solutions. The VR model created to help the management of lighting systems in buildings allows the visual and interactive transmission of information related to the physical behaviour of the elements, defined as a function of the time variable. Didactic interactive models showing construction works were also developed. These applications allow the visual simulation of the physical progression of each type of work and also assist in the study of the necessary equipment needed and how it functions on site. The introduction of CAD and VR techniques in school is helpful to students in order to prepare them to consider these technologies as important supports, later in their professional practice.     

Digital Technology in a Smart Tourist Destination: The Case of Porto

Given that information and communication technologies (ICT) have become increasingly integrated into the tourism industry, this article aims to emphasize the growing importance of ICT for smart tourism destinations. As a city, Porto has been consolidating its position as a smart tourism destination by emphasizing tourists’ experiences that are evaluated through innovation, communication, and interactivity with tourists/visitors. A survey of 423 tourists visiting the city provided the data for this study. The analysis focuses on the availability of ICT in Porto and its influence on tourists’ decisions to visit the city. This information helps to determine whether the application and information available on the Internet had positively contributed to tourists’ satisfaction in their visits to Porto. In particular, this article focuses on the influence of ICT accessibility on tourists’ choices of destination, their experiences, and their satisfaction. The results obtained can serve as insights for others to understand how tourists’ behavior and experiences, their planning stages and their demand for information are affected by the availability of ICT, in the context of smart tourism destinations.     

Perception of privacy in a university building: The transparency paradox

Informal face-to-face communication and chance encounters encourage knowledge sharing. This Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) examines how well a new building of a Dutch University Institute (DI) supported interaction and perceived privacy among faculty members. The study is designed as a qualitative research project with in-depth interviews among faculty members before and after relocation into the new building. The transparent and centrally organized floor plan supported face-to-face communication but generated a lack of privacy for faculty members. Not all perceived affordances of the design were planned. Lack of visual privacy and the sense of being controlled by others were related to the hierarchical position of teachers in this Higher Education Institute (HEI) between students and the dean, which caused tension and diminished their well-being.     

BIM和可持续性一体化课程

绿色建筑和可持续性施工一直以来都被列入本科和研究生阶段的施工管理项目课程中。在这类课程中,能源与环境设计认证(LEED)绿色建筑评级系统是一项重要课题。大学中现有的LEED教学一般都仅限于教科书和参考书中的基础理论。由于缺乏实践经验,学生们通常都难以理解LEED系统的基本原理,因此也不能理解LEED项目是如何在工程领域中实现的。本文将探讨林克尔(Rinker)建筑学院通过整合BIM,研究实验出一种能够促进可持续性的创新教学方法。BIM-for-LEED教学模式以佛罗里达大学校园中已通过LEED认证的建筑为例,利用先进的BIM制作和分析工具来表达成功获得LEED认证的关键设计因素。这个教学重点强调了满足LEED认证所需的设计要素,以及满足这些要素所需的BIM解决方案中的功能性。教学中所设置的课程和实验,都是为了进一步扩展学生在计算机辅助的可持续性设计方面的知识,更重要的是,亲自参与建模实验可以了解满足LEED认证的设计流程的最基本元素。在学期结束时,学生们不仅对可持续性和LEED评级系统有了更深入的理解,同时还掌握了关于LEED认证建筑建模的扎实技能。利用校园中LEED项目的优势在于学生们可以随时看到这些建筑,并分辨出其设计和实际建成建筑之间的区别,从而丰富了他们对从设计阶段到施工阶段,乃至建筑运营和维护阶段的可持续性设计和LEED的理解。     

Journeys to play: planning considerations to engender inclusive playspaces

Making playspaces inclusive has predominately focused on internal design, addressing factors that constrain play experiences within these spaces for children with diverse impairments and their families. Less attention, however, has been paid to the journey to the site and how that may influence the decision to visit these environments. This paper contributes to this area by discussing the experiences of 10 children with diverse mobility impairments, aged 9–12-years-old, and their families from south-east Queensland, Australia. This person–environment study of their journeys to playgrounds illuminates the role getting to the site and entering the site plays in shaping decisions to actually visit playspaces. The findings also identify key considerations applicable to open space planning and site planning, towards achieving inclusive landscapes for play.     

Residential Experiences and the Culture of Suburbanization: A Case Study of Portuguese Homebuyers in Mississauga

This paper examines the housing experiences of immigrants to Canada through a survey of first-generation Portuguese homebuyers in Mississauga, a suburb of Toronto. The survey focused on the push/pull factors leading to their decision to live in the suburbs, their housing search strategies, and their use of services in Mississauga and in the initial area of Portuguese immigrant settlement in downtown Toronto. This study uses data from a questionnaire administered to 110 Portuguese homebuyers in 1990, shortly after their first move to suburban Mississauga; a sample of those respondents were re-interviewed in 2003. The evidence indicates that these immigrants were ‘pulled’ into relocating to Mississauga because of their desire to live in a single-family dwelling in a good neighbourhood. Their housing search relied extensively on ethnic sources of information, particularly Portuguese real estate agents. In general, this group of immigrants expressed satisfaction with their move. The Portuguese community in Mississauga is characterized by a form of voluntary segregation, which seems to be partly a result of their reliance on their own ethnic community for information, language barriers to participating in non-Portuguese activities, and a cultural preference for living near people of the same ethnic background. One consequence of this re-segregation process, by which Portuguese people recreate a Portuguese ‘homeland’ in the suburbs, has been the limitation of their social contacts with members of other ethnic communities that have also settled in suburban Mississauga.