等离子喷涂Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2热障涂层相稳定性及导热性研究

采用化学共沉淀-煅烧法制备了Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2陶瓷原粉,陶瓷原粉经球磨、团聚造粒和烧结处理后得到适于等离子喷涂工艺的热喷涂粉末。测试分析了Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2热喷涂粉末微观形貌、流动性及其等离子喷涂涂层的相稳定性及导热性。结果表明Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2材料及其等离子喷涂涂层具有优异的高温相稳定性,即使在1400℃热处理500小时依然呈四方相结构、无单斜相出现,涂层热导率比单一Y2O3稳定ZrO2涂层明显降低,Sc2O3、Gd2O3和Y2O3复合稳定ZrO2可以用作新型超高温热障涂层材料。     

CeO2对不锈钢基SiO2-BaO-Al2O3-Cr2O3陶瓷涂层性能的影响

采用高温熔烧法于1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢基材表面制备掺CeO2的SiO2-BaO-Al2O3-Cr2O3陶瓷涂层,研究了不同含量CeO2对涂层的抗氧化性、抗热震性和硬度的影响。研究结果表明,含CeO2的不锈钢基SiO2-BaO-Al2O3-Cr2O3陶瓷涂层能有效阻止不锈钢基体的氧化增重,提高涂层的抗热震性能及硬度。本实验条件下,CeO2含量2.8%时,涂层具有最好的抗氧化性能和抗热震性能。     

La2O3对ZrO2-Y2O3-Ta2O5陶瓷材料结构及性能的影响

采用固相合成法在氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆(YSZ)陶瓷材料的基础上引入氧化物Ta2O5以及稀土氧化物La2O3取代部分Y2O3,获得一种新型的La2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3-Ta2O5陶瓷材料。分别利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和STA-449C热膨胀仪对材料的物相组成、微观结构及热膨胀性能进行表征。结果表明,陶瓷材料的主晶相仍为四方相,晶粒尺寸减小,在RT～1200℃温度范围内热膨胀系数有所减小。     

氧化铈稳定纳米氧化锆高温性能的研究

等离子喷涂热障涂层技术广泛应用于航空发动机热端部件的高温防护。应用大气等离子喷涂法成功制备了纳米氧化铈氧化钇稳定的氧化锆(CYSZ)涂层,并与常规氧化钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)涂层在1300℃下热处理10小时,研究高温对两种涂层性能的影响,与常规的YSZ涂层相比,CeO2的掺杂使涂层具有更高的稳定性。经过高温处理,CYSZ涂层的相结构没有发生明显变化。显微形貌结果表明,CYSZ涂层没有产生裂纹缺陷,涂层中纳米区域晶粒度随着温度的升高略有增大,这表明了纳米结构的CYSZ涂层具有更优异的高温稳定性。热循环氧化实验结果证明,CYSZ涂层具有更长的热循环寿命以及优异的高温抗氧化性能。     

机械合金化制备Al-Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3复合涂层及其性能研究

通过机械合金化在室温下于304不锈钢表面成功制得Al-Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3复合涂层。通过相关实验分析了复合涂层的组织形貌、显微硬度及高温氧化性能。结果表明:随着球磨时间的增加,涂层厚度先增加后减小;当球磨时间为8h时,涂层最为致密,平均厚度约为200μm;当球磨时间为14h时,涂层部分剥落,涂层厚度减小。涂层的显微硬度明显高于基体,且从表层到基体呈梯度下降,最高显微硬度值达HV0.1525,为基体硬度的2倍多。Al-Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3复合涂层的抗高温氧化性能良好。     

闪烧致密Al2O3-ZrO2复相陶瓷的微观结构及力学性能

以α-Al₂O₃和氧化钇稳定氧化锆粉体为原料,无压烧结制备致密Al₂O₃-ZrO₂复相陶瓷,在临界电场下进行热处理后,对Al₂O₃-ZrO₂复相陶瓷的微观结构和力学性能进行研究。结果表明：在900 V/cm的电场下,烧结致密Al₂O₃-ZrO₂复相陶瓷的闪烧起始炉温为308℃。在炉温为1 200℃、电场为700 V/cm的条件下,闪烧致密Al₂O₃-ZrO₂复相陶瓷原位合成Al₂O₃-ZrO₂共晶结构。闪烧陶瓷主要分为复相区、过渡区和共晶区3个区域。复相区的微观结构与烧结陶瓷相似,形状不规则的Al₂O₃和ZrO₂相均匀分布;过渡区晶粒异常长大,粗大的Al...     

等离子喷涂Sc_2O_3-Y_2O_3-ZrO_2热障涂层组织结构和性能研究

采用化学共沉淀—煅烧法制备了7.1mol%Sc_2O_3~1.5mol%Y_2O_3-ZrO_2(ScYSZ)设计成分复合陶瓷原粉,将该原粉经团聚造粒和高温烧结处理,使粉末流动性及松装密度满足等离子喷涂工艺要求。经大气等离子喷涂制备了超高温热障涂层。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X-射线衍射对粉末组织结构、形貌进行了测试,并进行了涂层组织结构、高温相稳定性、隔热性能、热冲击性能及抗氧化性能进行了测试分析。结果表明所制备的ScYSZ团聚粉末在1200℃烧结处理2h后,粉末呈球形、流动性好,满足等离子喷涂工艺要求。ScYSZ粉末及其涂层室温均呈单一四方结构,1500℃热处理300h后,ScYSZ涂层无单斜相出现,具有非常优秀的高温相稳定性。在900℃~1500℃温度测量范围内,等离子喷涂ScYSZ涂层的热导率为0.93~1.19W/m·K,明显低于目前广泛应用的等离子喷涂Y_2O_3-ZrO_2涂层的热导率(1.2~1.5W/m·K)。Sc_2O_3的加入在提高了热障涂层的高温相稳定性的同时,也显著提高了涂层的隔热性能及抗热冲击性能,Sc_2O_3-Y_2O_3-ZrO_2很有希望成为1500℃使用的超高温热障涂层材料。     

溶胶制备工艺对ZrO2-Y2O3涂层性能的影响

用无机金属盐水解及有机醇盐中间体合成两种不同的工艺路线制备了ZrO₂-Y₂O₃复合Sol(溶胶),对比了通过Dip-Coating的方法在GH220/MCrAlX基体上形成致密ZrO₂-Y₂O₃陶瓷涂层的能力,以及涂层在1000℃的静态抗氧化性能.结果表明,金属有机醇盐工艺制备的ZrO₂-Y₂O₃陶瓷涂层具有极其优越的高温静态抗氧化性能.无机金属盐水解所制备的ZrO₂-Y₂O₃涂层抗氧化能力明显低于金属有机醇盐工艺.可能的原因是残留在涂层内的微量酸根离子使氧化和腐蚀过程加剧.     

Bi2O3-BaO-SiO2-RxOy玻璃的结构及其封接性能

研究了Bi₂O₃-BaO-SiO₂-R_xO_y玻璃体系的结构及封接性能.应用密度泛函理论计算获得了Bi₂O₃在SiO₂玻璃网络中的能量最优结构,从理论上确定了铋作为网络中间体最可能以[BiO₃]形式存在,并讨论了Ba²⁺、Al³⁺等在玻璃中的作用及其存在的可能结构.结果表明,该玻璃的热膨胀系数在50~530℃温度为11×10^-6 K^-1,与氧化钇稳定氧化锆(热膨胀系数10.2×10^-6 K^-1)电解质和不锈钢SUS430(热膨胀系数11.3×10^-6 K^-1)合金连接体相匹配.对玻璃粉体进行物相分析表明,该硅酸盐玻璃为非晶体,与理论分析相一致.将氧化钇稳定氧化锆电解质和SUS430合金连接体用Bi-Ba-Si-O玻璃在高温下进行封接实验,结果说明三相界面结合紧密,气密性良好.实验选定的Bi-Ba-Si-O玻璃材料基本满足固体氧化物燃料电池对封接材料的要求.     

热喷涂玻璃-Cr2O3陶瓷涂层的性能

以SiO2-Al2O3系玻璃与Cr2O3陶瓷粉末为原料,采用高温烧结、球磨破碎工艺制备玻璃态物质包覆Cr2O3陶瓷颗粒的玻璃-Cr2O3陶瓷复合粉末,利用氧-乙炔火焰热喷涂技术在45号钢表面喷涂SiO2-Al2O3-Cr2O3玻璃陶瓷保护涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)对SiO2-Al2O3-Cr2O3玻璃陶瓷粉末与涂层的微观形貌进行表征。采用粘接拉伸法检测涂层与基体的界面结合强度,在介质溶液中进行腐蚀实验,研究玻璃与陶瓷粉末的配比对涂层微观结构与性能的影响。研究表明:当SiO2-Al2O3系玻璃的含量(质量分数)为40%时,涂层具有较好的综合性能,与基体的结合强度达30.4MPa,在10%CH3COOH溶液(体积分数)、8%NaOH溶液(质量分数)和3.5%NaCl溶液(质量分数)中腐蚀120 h的腐蚀速率分别为112.6、87.1和83.1 mg/(h.m2)。     

CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3转光玻璃的合成及荧光性质

X射线衍射研究表明CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3体系的玻璃化温度在1025℃附近。荧光光谱和ESR谱研究表明,在CaO-La2O3-B2O3-Eu2O3玻璃体系中存在着Eu2 和Eu3 两种价态离子。316,360,379,394,413,462和532nm锐线激发峰和592,616和650红区发射峰分别对应Eu3 的f-f激发跃迁和5D0-7FJ(J=1,2,3)跃迁发射;351nm和427nm宽带激发峰和蓝区发射分别对应Eu2 的5d-4f激发跃迁和发射。     

Vitrification and Crystallization Behavior of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-Cr2O3 System

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - The effect of basicity and Cr2O3 content on vitrification of the CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-Cr2O3 system during a melt-quenched process and the...     

Wettability of silicon carbide ceramic by Al2O3/Dy2O3 and Al2O3/Yb2O3 systems

Wettability is an important phenomenon in the liquid phase sintering of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics. This work involved a study of the wetting of SiC ceramics by two oxide systems, Al₂O₃ /Dy₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ /Yb₂O₃, which have so far not been studied for application in the sintering of SiC ceramics. Five mixtures of each system were prepared, with different compositions close to their respective eutectic ones. Samples of the mixtures were pressed into cylindrical specimens, which were placed on a SiC plate and subjected to temperatures above their melting points using a graphite resistance furnace. The behavior of the melted mixtures on the SiC plate was observed by means of an imaging system using a CCD camera and the sessile drop method was employed to determine the contact angle, the parameter that measures the degree of wettability. The results of variation in the contact angle as a function of temperature were plotted in graphic form which showed that the curves displayed a fast decline and good spreading. All the samples of the two systems presented final contact angles of 40° to 10° indicating their good wetting on SiC in the argon atmosphere. The melted/solidified area and interface between SiC and melted/solidified phase were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction (DRX). The DRX analysis showed that Al₂O₃ and RE₂O₃ reacted and formed the Dy₃Al₅O₁₂ (DyAg) and Yb₃Al₅O₁₂ (YbAg) phases. The results indicated that the two systems had a promising potential as additives for the sintering of SiC ceramics.     

Al_2O_3La_2O_3Y_2O_3/Cu复合材料的电弧侵蚀特性研究

采用喷射沉积和内氧化法制备出Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu复合材料,研究该材料在直流20 V/20 A的工作条件下触点的电弧侵蚀特性,并与Al2O3/Cu材料进行了对比分析.利用电子天平、扫描电镜等方法分析电弧侵蚀后触点的质量变化和表面微观结构.结果表明,通过添加Y2O3、La2O3稀土氧化物颗粒,可有效降低触头材料的材料转移量.Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu材料的抗熔焊性和抗烧损性优于Al2O3/Cu材料的性能.在直流阻性负载条件下Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu阳极触头表面形成凹坑,阴极触头表面形成凸起,触点表面显示出浆糊状凝固物和喷发坑等电弧侵蚀形貌特征.     

Viscosity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-B2O3 slags

The viscosity of CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ slags with 8% MgO and 4% B₂O₃ is investigated over a broad range of composition, by means of a simplex-lattice experiment design. For slag of basicity 6–8 in the upper left region of the local simplex, with 15–25% Al₂O₃, 8% MgO, and 4% B₂O₃, the viscosity is high: 9.4–26.4 P over the range 1500–1530°C. Displacement of the slags of basicity 5–8 to the lower region of the local simplex ensures high fluidity in the given range of Al₂O₃ concentration: the viscosity is 1.5–6.1 P over the range 1500–1530°C.     

Research on Glass Forming Ability of Er2O3 -Al2O3 -B2O3 -SiO2 System

The glass forming range of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was explored, and the effect of the content of Al2 O3 and Er2 O3 on glass-forming region was experimentally examined. It is shown that the region of glass formation range expends when the content of Al2O3 is changed from 15% to 20%, while it shrinks when the content of Er2O3 is changed from 20% to 30%. At the same time, the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 system was also discussed using a value of β, which is an indication of crystallization tendency of glasses, calculated from thermo-analysis data. It is found that the glass forming ability of Er2O3-Al2O3-B2O3- SiO2 glasses is poor, while the glasses network may be enhanced when Al2O3 is added to the system, the glass forming ability being heightened. In addition, the crystallization temperatures of the rare earth glasses were determined using differential thermal analysis technique. The Er2O3-Al2O;-B2O3-SiO2 glass samples were heat treated at 1000,1100 and 1260℃ respectively. The results show that it is the Er2O3 phase that separates out from the glasses after crystaline heat treatment, and it is tiered up in glasses, as detected through XRD and SEM. This indicates that the phase separation occurs when the glasses are heated, Er3 being mainly distributed in the boron rich phase, then separated out from glasses, while the silicate rich phase remaining glassy state.     

Stability of Fluorine-Free CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-Na2O Mold Fluxes

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B - B2O3 and Na2O are key components of fluorine-free mold fluxes for continuous casting, but both are highly volatile, which affects the flux stability....     

X射线荧光光谱法测定Dy_2O_3及其杂质Eu_2O_3,Gd_2O_3,Tb_4O_7,Ho_2O_3,Er_2O_3和Y_2O_3

当前稀土应用范围越来越广,尤其Dy2O3和金属Dy其出口量不断增大．Dy2O3中所含杂质总量通常在0．1％～5％之间,该范围内的测定方法以XRFR为合适,快速、准确、无破坏．1实验部分1．l原理本法采用粉末直接压片法制样,在各元素分析线峰位上测量X射线强度,根据待测元素的X射线荧光光谱强度与含量的定量关系,选择相应的数学模型,由计算机自动计算出待测成份含量．1．2仪器和试剂荷兰飞利浦PW—1400顺序式X射线荧光光谱仪;康柏486计算机;电动小型油压机;万分之一精度分析天平．DyZO399．999％;EnD3,GdD3,ThAn,HoAn,ErD3…     

Solid-phase reactions of Ta2O5 with Ga2O3 and In2O3

Conclusions Using the techniques of DTA and x-ray phase analysis, a study was made of the reactions between Ta₂O₅ and M₂O₃ (M = Ga or In), and the phase compositions of the relevant binary systems were determined. The existence was confirmed of stable compounds of composition MTaO₄ and eutectoidally decomposing phases containing 7.5–12.5 mole % M₂O₃. MTaO₄ are dielectrics, whose room-temperature _v is of the order of 10¹⁰ -cm. The temperature dependence of _v of MTaO₄ was investigated in the range 293–873°K and their energies of activation for conductivity were calculated. The melting points, pyknometric densities, dielectric losses, and relative dielectric permeabilities of MTaO₄ were determined.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2 (110), pp. 69–73, February, 1972.     

镁砂中Fe2O3、Al2O3、P2O5、TiO2的联合测定

镁砂产品检验中,采用碱熔融法共同预处理样品,在同一母液中,联合测定铁、铝、磷、钛的含量,缩短了检测时间。通过分别控制各元素的显色酸度,各元素线性良好,测得的Fe2O3、Al2O3、P2O5、TiO2的相对标准偏差分别小于1.11%、2.78%、4.84%、5.88%。实验结果表明,方法的准确度和精密度都较高。