Psychologists for the public schools: A training program.

"Psychological services in the public schools face a demand there is no hope of meeting in the foreseeable future… . Our concept of training at Peabody… has grown out of a belief that psychology's contribution to the schools might well lie in the three not unrelated aspects of the field… current knowledge of human behavior, skills in interpersonal relations, and research ability." The school psychologist curriculum is described. Students "take basic courses in experimental, personality theory, developmental, learning, measurement, and social psychology." Emphasis is placed on research training and training in clinical skills. "The core seminar makes heavy use of the experiences students acquire in the demonstration-training center which Peabody has established in a nearby town as a central aspect of the program." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in medical schools: Comment.

Comments on the article by S. Williams and J. L. Kohout (see record 1999-10642-004) which presented data from a large survey of psychologists employed by medical schools and concluded that there is a growing marginalization of the psychologists' role in medical schools. The authors note that it is unfortunate that Williams and Kohout based their conclusions on limited evidence from their own survey and disregarded preexisting literature. The authors discuss methodological similarities and differences between their own survey conducted in 1994 and the survey of Williams and Kohout that have direct bearing on the interpretation of the results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in medical schools.

Describes the results of a survey conducted by the Committee on Psychology in Medical Schools for the Education and Training Board of the American Psychological Association, utilizing 84 reports from medical schools in 1967-1969 period. Psychology's growth in medical school has followed no standard pattern, but has developed in unique fashion at each school as a function of local constellations of factors. The great expansion of psychology in medical schools has occurred in the last 2 decades, but the period of rapid growth has now ended. While psychology is still most often based within the department of psychiatry, greater diversity of locations is found in schools where psychology was established more recently. Teaching is a major function of medical school psychologists. Their main teaching contribution is to medical education, but they are also involved at all levels of psychological education. Research, which covers the full range of psychological interests, and clinical services, which are beginning to reach out into the community, are the other main functions of medical school psychologists. The satisfactions found in the medical school as a professional environment relate to the vast array of clinical populations, research facilities, and disciplines available there. Dissatisfactions are primarily a result of inadequate recognition as an independent discipline. Overwhelmingly, medical school psychologists desire a more autonomous position for psychology, most often through the mechanism of an independent department of psychology. Other mechanisms recommended are the behavioral sciences department and the "single faculty model" in which 1 university department provides psychological training to all the schools of the university. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in medical schools.

Describes developments at a medical school on which H. A. Witkin et al (1972) based their article on approaches to the problem of autonomous organization and function of psychologists in medical schools. The Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center established the Department of Psychology and Sciences of Society. The Department is independent and autonomous; it embraces all psychologists and social scientists. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in schools of medicine: 1955, 1964, and 1977.

Comparisons of results of 3 national surveys of psychologists in medical schools show that although many of their characteristics remained the same, increases in age and seniority were accompanied by increases in academic rank. Research continues to be done largely with mental health collaborators, as opposed to nonpsychiatric physicians, and to occupy more of the full-time PhD's and MA's time than any other activity. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in Canadian medical schools.

Conducted a national survey of 67 psychologists holding academic appointments in 16 Canadian medical schools. The number of psychologists, their professional activities and work attitudes, and the organizational models of psychology at the medical schools were examined. Results indicate major differences in the average number of psychologists at Canadian and US medical schools. However, among the 2 groups of psychologists, a number of strong similarities in work activities and attitudes were found. (10 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in medical schools in 1997.

The activities, income, and medical staff membership and limitations on that membership for psychologists working in U.S. medical school settings in 1997 were examined. A total of 1,938 psychologists responded to a survey conducted by the Research Office of the American Psychological Association, in conjunction with the Association of Medical School Psychologists. Some of the most salient findings were that (a) the largest number of psychologists was involved in research activities, (b) just over half of medical school psychologists were required to generate all or part of their own income through clinical work and research, and (c) the majority of these psychologists were members of a medical staff but were not extended full medical staff privileges. These and other results are discussed in the context of academic rank, tenure status, and other relevant factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in practice with older adults: Current patterns, sources of training, and need for continuing education.

Rapid population growth among older adults means an increased need for psychologists prepared to provide mental health services to this population. A representative survey of 1,227 practitioner members of the American Psychological Association yielded information about current patterns of practice with older adults, sources of training in geropsychology, perceived need for continuing education (CE) in geropsychology, and preferred CE formats. Most respondents provided some services to older adults, but typically very little. The services provided are inadequate to meet projected demand. Most respondents lacked formal training in geropsychology and perceived themselves as needing additional training. CE workshops at the regional level and distance education were the most popular formats. These data serve as a call to the field to expand training opportunities at all levels of training, with an emphasis on the need for empirically based, broadly accessible CE offerings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Correctional psychologist burnout, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction.

Corrections is a stressful environment, but do correctional psychologists experience greater levels of occupational burnout and life stress than other public sector and nonpublic sector psychologists? Data collected from 203 doctoral level psychologists including correctional (CR; n = 44), Veteran's Affairs (VA; n = 56), public psychiatric hospital (PPH; n = 54), and university counseling centers (CC; n = 49) indicated that CR psychologists do experience significantly more occupational burnout relative to VA and CC psychologists. Furthermore, CR and PPH psychologists reported significantly less job satisfaction than CC psychologists. Although psychologists working in PPH settings reported significantly lower levels of life satisfaction than VA and CC psychologists this was not the case for CR psychologists. Professional identity related to occupational setting emerged as a significant predictor of occupational burnout. Implications of these findings are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Status, job satisfaction, and factors of job satisfaction of state institution and clinic psychologists.

"In this report we will compare psychologists with other mental hygiene professionals—psychologists in state schools and hospitals with psychologists in clinics." Ss were 80 psychiatrists, 80 psychologists, 80 social workers, 80 teachers, 80 nurses (40 of each group in state institutions and 40 in nonstate institutions) and, in addition, 59 upper middle class and 51 lower middle class Ss. There is "limited support for the hypothesis which states that status and job satisfaction are related." The hypothesis that "the status of state institution psychologists is lower than that of clinic psychologists, is generally substantiated." The hypothesis that "there are differences in the job satisfaction of the two groups of psychologists finds some support." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in schools of medicine in 1977: An overview.

A questionnaire survey of psychologists working at medical schools revealed (a) an increase in the number of psychologists employed, (b) improved status and employment of females, (c) attitudes about organizational structures, and (d) an increase in degree programs in psychology at medical schools. (5 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in medical schools: Medical staff status and clinical privileges.

It is argued that professional autonomy for psychologists in medical settings requires that psychologists exercise self-governance responsibilities. Inclusion of psychologists on the hospital medical staff is critical because of the self-governance responsibilities afforded to the hospital medical staff by the governing body of the hospital. Central among these responsibilities are the delineation of clinical privileges and the monitoring of quality of patient care. The challenges to psychology inherent in these issues are discussed in terms of the continuing need for political activism and professional "maturity." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists and rehabilitation: Mandates and current training practices.

Reviews legal and professional mandates concerning the provision of professional services to disabled persons by psychologists. Legal, ethical, accrediting, and licensing implications are considered, especially from the standpoint of the training of psychologists. A survey of all American Psychological Association-approved clinical and counseling training programs was conducted to examine (a) awareness of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, (b) availability of courses concerning disabilities, and (c) the importance of knowledge of the psychological aspects of disabilities in hiring psychologists. Survey results indicate that psychologists' skills and knowledge may be seriously at variance with what is expected of them, that negative attitudinal factors play a central role and can be dispelled through formal training, and that separate and specialized services for handicapped people are not a viable option. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Job needs, job satisfaction, and job behavior of women manual workers.

Administered a forced-choice questionnaire and unstructured interview to 2159 female workers and 236 female ex-workers associated with electronics firms to investigate their attitudes to various aspects of their jobs. 21% of the present workers and 36% of the ex-workers expressed overall dissatisfaction with their jobs, which were of a highly rationalized type. Analysis of responses indicate the overriding importance of the actual work done as a determinant of job dissatisfaction. Analysis of reasons for leaving given by the ex-workers indicate that voluntary labor turnover resulted mainly from job dissatisfaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Relationship of job characteristics to job involvement, satisfaction, and intrinsic motivation.

Administered questionnaires to 291 scientists working in research and development laboratories. Results of a factor analysis indicate that job-involvement attitudes, higher order need-satisfaction attitudes, and intrinsic-motivation attitudes should be thought of as separate and distinct kinds of attitudes toward a job. These 3 types of attitudes related differentially to job design factors and to job behavior. Satisfaction proved to be related to such job characteristics as the amount of control the job allowed the holder and the degree to which it is seen to be relevant to the holder's valued abilities. Satisfaction was not related to either self-rated effort or performance. Job involvement, like satisfaction, bore a significant relationship to certain job characteristics; unlike satisfaction, however, involvement was positively related to self-rated effort. Intrinsic motivation was less strongly related to the job characterisitcs measured, but was more strongly related to both effort and performance than was either satisfaction or involvement. (15 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologists in medical schools: The trials of emerging political activism.

Psychology in medical education has a history of about 75 years. Although there has been communication among psychologists in this applied field, such communication has been informal, except for a series of conferences during the past 40 years. The Association of Medical School Professors of Psychology now has formal status and is affiliated with the Association of American Medical Colleges, the organization that is primarily responsible for the direction of medical education in the United States. Growth in numbers from relatively few faculty members to approximately 3,000 is a positive direction. Yet, the independence of the field continues to be a problem, although contributions by psychologists to medical education have been clearly demonstrated. Some of the variables associated with accomplishments, obstacles, and future directions in the emerging political activism of psychologists in schools of medicine are summarized. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Personality and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job characteristics.

This study tested a model of the relationship between core self-evaluations, intrinsic job characteristics, and job satisfaction. Core self-evaluations was assumed to be a broad personality concept manifested in 4 specific traits: self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and low neuroticism. The model hypothesized that both subjective (perceived) job characteristics and job complexity mediate the relationship between core self-evaluations and job satisfaction. Two studies were conducted to test the model. Results from Study 1 supported the hypothesized model but also suggested that alternative models fit the data well. Results from Study 2 revealed that core self-evaluations measured in childhood and in early adulthood were linked to job satisfaction measured in middle adulthood. Furthermore, in Study 2 job complexity mediated part of the relationship between both assessments of core self-evaluations and job satisfaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Job satisfaction, job performance, and situational characteristics.

How are job satisfaction and performance related to the variables of the situation? S were approximately 2500 workers in 72 warehouses of 1 company. Job satisfaction was measured by questionnaire items. Factor analysis was used to relate the variables of quantity, quality, profitability, turnover, size of workforce, city size, wage rate and unionization and percentage of males. Job satisfaction was highest with the greatest productivity and profit. Small town culture had the most satisfaction and performance. From Psyc Abstracts 36:01:3LH65K. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)