CuO/La2O3-Al2O3催化剂中CuO物种的迁移和高温固相反应

采用XRD、激光Raman光谱和TPR技术研究了CuO／La2O3-Al2O3催化剂中CuO高温迁移及固相反应。结果表明，800℃焙烧的CuO（20％）／La203（x％）-Al2O3催化剂，低La2O3负载量（5％和10％）时，La2O3（x％）-Al2O3载体表面即存在CuO和少量CuAl2O4；当La2O3负载量增大（≥20％）时，由于La2O3的阻止作用，使得CuO无法迁移到La2O3内层和Al2O3反应生成CuAl2O4，从而使CuO稳定存在于催化剂表层。高温焙烧（≥900℃），La2O3的隔离作用下降，从而导致生成CuAl2O4。     

Synthesis of neodymium modified CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 support materials and their application in Pd-only three-way catalysts

Ce-Zr-Al-Nd2O3 (CZAN) support materials were prepared by co-precipitation and impregnation methods, respectively. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption, oxygen pulsing technique, H2-temperature pro-grammed reduction (H2-TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Pd-only three-way catalysts (Pd-TWC) supported on these materials were prepared by incipient wetness method and studied by activity tests. The results demonstrated that the CZAN supports obtained by the two methods showed better structural, textural and redox properties than the CZA without Nd2O3, and the addition of Nd2O3 improved the catalytic activity of TWC. Especially, the CZAN-i support prepared by impregnation method had better thermal stability and redox prop-erty. Meanwhile, the Pd/CZAN-i catalyst exhibited the best catalytic performance. XPS measurements indicated that the Nd-modified sam-ples possessed more Ce3+ and oxygen vacancies on the surface of samples, which led to a better redox property. The excellent redox property of support materials helped to improve the catalytic activity of TWC.     

Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Methane over Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3

Nickel catalysts supported on CeO2-ZrO2-CeO2,ZrO2-Al2O3 and Al2O3 were prepared and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction（XRD）,BET areas,H2 temperature-programmed reduction（H2-TPR）,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）.Through the test of catalytic partial oxidation of methane（CPOM）,Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 displayed the highest activity,which resulted from its largest BET area and best NiO dispersion.Furthermore,Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 maintained a long-time stability in CPOM,which was attributed to its best coking resistance among all the prepared catalysts.     

Synthesis of Al2O3/TiCN-0.2%Y2O3 Composite by Hot Pressing

Al2O3/TiCN composites were synthesized by hot pressing.The influences of components and HP temperature on mechanical properties,such as bending strength,breaking tenacity and Vickers hardness were investigated.The results showed that the mechanical properties of Al2O3/TiCN composite increased with temperature when hot pressing temperature is below 1650 ℃.The mechanical properties reached their maximums when the composites were sintered at 1650 ℃ for 30 min under hot pressing pressure of 35 MPa,the value of bending strength,breaking tenacity and Vickers hardness was 1015 MPa,6.89 MPa·m1/2,and 20.82 MPa,respectively.When hot pressing temperature was above 1650 ℃,density decreased because of decomposition with increased temperature,and mechanical properties dropped because of rapid growth of grains in size at high temperature.Microstructure analysis showed that the addition of Y2O3 led to the formation of YAG phase so as to inhibit the growth of crystals.This helped to improve breaking tenacity of the composites.TiCN particles with diameters of 1 μm dispersed at Al2O3 grain boundaries,inhibited grain growth and enhanced mechanical properties of the composites.SEM study of the propagation of indentation cracks showed that the bridge linking behavior between matrix and strengthening phase might lead to the formation of the coexisted field of crack deflection,branching and bridge linking.The mechanism of this phenomenon was that the addition of Y2O3 improved the dispersion of TiCN particles so as to enhance the tenacity of the composites.The breaking tenacity was changed from 5.94 to 6.89 MPa·m1/2.     

Preparation, Characterization of CuO／CeO2 and Cu／CeO2 Catalysts and Their Applications in Low-Temperature CO Oxidation

CeO2 was synthesized via sol-gel process and used as supporter to prepare CuO/CeO2, Cu/CeO2 catalysts by impregnation method. The catalytic properties and characterization of CeO2, CuO/CeO2 and Cu/CeO2 catalysts were examined by means of a microreactor-GC system, HRTEM, XRD, TPR and XPS techniques. The results show that CuO has not catalytic activity and the activity of CeO2 is quite low for CO oxidation. However, the catalytic activity of CuO/CeO2 and Cu/CeO2 catalysts increases significantly. Furthermore, the activity of CuO/CeO2 is higher than that of Cu/CeO2 catalysts.     

Catalytic Oxidative Properties and Characterization of CuO／CeO2 Catalysts

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Research on Y2O3：Eu Phosphor Coated with In2O3

Y2O3：Eu red phosphor for FED application was prepared by high temperature solid-state reaction. The In2O3 coating by precipitation method to the phosphor was applied and the analyses of XRD, Zeta potential, SEM, EDS and low voltage cathodoluminescence （CL） were conducted for investigating the coating effect. The results showed that In2O3 coating promoted the low voltage CL of the phosphor efficiently. The promotion was possibly due to the enhancement of the surface conductivity of the phosphor grains.     

Preparation and Characterization of Gd3Sc2Ga3O12 Polycrystalline Material by Co-Precipitation Method

Gd3Sc2Ga3O12 polycrystalline material for single crystal growth was prepared with Ga, Gd2O3 and Sc2O3 as starting materials and aqueous ammonia as the precipitator by co-precipitation method. The precursors sintered at various temperatures were characterized by infrared spectra （IR）, X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and transmitted electron microscopy （TEM）. The results showed that pure GSGG phase could be obtained at 900 ℃. The sintered powders were well-dispersed and less-aggregated in the sintered temperature range of 900 - 1000 ℃. XRD and TEM show that the polycrystalline particle sizes of the polycrystalline powders were about 20 - 50 nm. Compared with the method that Ga2O3, Gd2O3 and Sc2O3 were mixed directly and sintered to get polycrystalline materials, the synthesized temperature was lower and sintered time was shorter. Thus co-precipitation was a good method to synthesize GSGG polycrystalline material.     

Effect of Fe2O3 Loading Amount on Catalytic Properties of Monolithic Fe2O3/Ce0.67Zr0.33O2 -Al2O3 Catalyst for Methane Combustion

Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 solid solution was prepared by the co-precipitation method. Fe2O3-based catalysts supported on the solid solution were obtained by the impregnation method. The article revealed that the optimal loading amount of Fe2O3 on Ce0.67Zr0.33 O2-Al2O3 in our experimental condition for catalytic combustion of methane was 8% （ mass fraction）. The prepared catalysts were characterized by BET, TPR, XRD analyses, and their catalytic activity was investigated after being calcined at 873 K and after being aged in water gas at 1273 K. When the loading amount of Fe203 was 8% （ mass fraction）, the catalyst held the highest activity, and the best temperature speciality and thermal stability. The complete-conversion temperature of methane for fresh and aged sample was 788 and 838 K, respectively. The range between the light-off temperature and the complete-conversion temperature was only 15 K. The characterization results of XRD indicated that Fe2O3 was well dispersed on the Ce0.67Zr0.33O2-Al2O3 matrix. The results of BET and TPR were in good harmony with the catalytic activity results.     

Promotional effect of CeO2 and Y2O3 on CuO/ZrO2 catalysts for methane combustion

Catalytic combustion of methane was conducted by using a Cu-based catalyst prepared by the plasma-assisted impregnation method. The properties of the catalysts were surveyed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). The results showed that the activity of CuO/ZrO2 with the CeO2 and Y2O3 was obviously increased compared with the CuO/ZrO2 catalyst, which was examined in relation to the structure and surface characteristics and might be correlated with their surface oxygen species and redox properties. Among the investigated catalysts, the Ce-CuO/ZrO2 sample exhibited the highest activity for methane combustion.     

Synthesis of ZrO2-HfO2-Y2O3-Sc2O3 Nano-Particles by Sol-Gel Technique in Aqueous Solution of Alcohol

Zirconium dioxide is a significant material withgood physicochemical characteristics . It is used inmanyfields such as energysources ,material and envi-ronment . Cubic phase zirconium dioxide doped withyttria (YSZ) is alreadyin wide use in solid oxygenfu-…     

Effects of La2O3/Li2O/TiO2- Coating on Electrochemical Performance of LiCoO2 Cathode

Conventional cathode material （LiCoO2） was modified by coating with a thin layer of La2O3/Li2O/TiO2 for improving its performance for lithium ion battery. The morphology and structure of the modified cathode material was characterized by SEM, XRD, and Auger electron spectroscopy. The performance of the cells with the modified cathode material was examined, including the cycling stability, the diffusion coefficient under different voltages, and the C-rate discharge. The results showed that the cell composed of the coated cathode material discharged at a large current density, and possesses a stable cycle performance in the range from 3.0 to 4.4 V. It was explained that the rate of Li ion diffusion increased in the cell while using La2O3/Li2O/TiO2-coated LiCoO2 as the cathode and the coating layer may act as a faster ion conductor （La2O3/Li2O/TiO2）.     

基于挥发影响的CaF2-Al2O3二元相图测定与解析

 为实现对CaF₂-Al₂O₃二元相图做出有效测定与评价,首先利用FactSage软件计算和熔点测试绘制了CaF₂-Al₂O₃二元相图,共晶点成分为10%Al₂O₃-90%CaF₂(质量分数),共晶温度为1 340 ℃。通过热重-差热试验发现,该二元体系升温过程存在明显失重和吸热,温度达到1 500 ℃时,90%CaF₂-10%Al₂O₃的试样失重率可达27%,失重主要是CaF₂挥发,并伴随明显吸热峰。基于失重及挥发反应,对熔点测定过程进行成分修正,得到新的CaF₂-Al₂O₃二元相图,共晶点成分为12%Al₂O₃-88%CaF₂(质量分数),共晶温度为1 340 ℃。最后,通过荧光分析对熔化后的渣样进行成分检测,结果与新的相图基本吻合。研究结果对含易挥发组元炉渣熔点测定及相图的绘制和解析具有参考价值。     

Methane Combustion and TPR/TPO Properties of Pd/CexZr1-xO2/Al2O3 Catalysts

Methane Combustion and TPR/TPO Properties of Pd/Ce_xZr_ 1-xO_2/Al_2O_3 Catalysts     

Band gap and structure characterization of Tm2O3 films

Single crystalline Tm2O3 films were grown on Si (001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy using metallic Tm source and atomic oxygen source. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were employed to investigate the compositions, surface morphology and microstructure of the sample. A very flat surface with a root mean square roughness of 0.3 nm could be reached, and a sharp interface between the film and the Si substrate was achieved. The result of optical spectrum at ultraviolet and visible wavelengths showed that the band gap of the Tm2O3 film was 5.76 eV.     

MgO含量对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO熔渣中液态相影响的模拟

运用Factsage软件模拟了MgO含量对CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO熔渣中液相区的影响.结果表明,随着CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO渣中MgO含量增加,渣中低熔点液相区整体向低CaO高SiO₂区移动.相图中1500℃液相区比例由0%MgO（质量分数）时的25.05%上升至9%MgO（质量分数）时的52.69%,而后降至15%MgO时的46.70%.相图中1400℃液相区比例由3%MgO时的14.41%上升至11%MgO时的34.39%,而后降至15%MgO时的31.04%.相图中1300℃液相区比例由5%MgO时的5.57%上升至14%MgO时的11.02%,而后降至15%MgO时的10.50%.相图中1200℃液相区域比例在MgO为0~6%时为零,由7%MgO时的0.88%上升至11%MgO时的1.22%,在MgO为13%~15%时降为零.模拟结果可对以CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO为基本组元配置炼钢渣系的成分选择提供有效指导.     

Characterization and CO Catalytic Oxidation of CuO／Ce-Zr-La-O Catalyst

The Ce-Zr-La-O solid solution was prepared by the sol - gel method. The structure and the redox behavior of Ce-Zr-La-O solid solution and CuO/Ce-Zr-La-O catalysts were investigated by using XRD, Raman and TPR techniques. The result shows that the reduction capability of Ce0.7Zr0.3-y LayO solid solution is related to content of La. Appropriate content of La can enhance the redox capability of the solid solution. The oxidation activity of the CuO (6%)/Ce0.7Zr0.15La0. 15O catalyst is the highest. CuO, which finely dispersed and interacted with the support, is the site of oxidation activity.     

Biogenic synthesis and catalysis of porous CeO2 hollow microspheres

Porous CeO2 hollow microspheres were successfully prepared through a facile process by using the rape pollen as the biotem-plate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the N2 adsorption and desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) were used for their characterization. The results showed that the obtained materials exhibited the same morphology as that of the pollen template, with a diameter of ca. 10 μm, and the surface was evenly covered with a special network-like structure with mesh size of about 0.3 μm, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area was measured to be 156 m2/g. The detailed property investigation inferred that the product exhibited better photocatalytic activity in acid fuchsine decolorization under daylight because of higher surface area, smaller crystallite size and higher oxygen capacity.     

Oxygen Storage Capacity of Pt-, Pd-, Rh/CeO2-Based Oxide Catalyst

CZO （CeO2-ZrO2） and CZYO （CeO2-ZrO2-Y2O3） series of mixed oxides were prepared by coprecipitaion, and a part of these oxides were loaded with precious metals （PM）. XRD, BET, and oxygen storage capacity （OSC） investigations were performed on samples aged at 750, 900, and 1050 ℃. It was observed that BET surface area and OSC showed a marked decrease in CeO2 aged at high temperature, and the erystallite size showed an obvious increase. The CZO samples consist of cubic- and tetragonal crvstal phases, and their crystallite size increase rapidly when aged at high temperature. The CZYO samples consist of single crystal phase when the content of Y exceeds 0.15 mol, and their erystallite size increases slowly during high-temperature aging. It is concluded that additive Y can stabilize the performance of CZYO oxides. In the aged CZO and CZYO mixed-oxide systems, addition of a small amount of precious metals （Pt, Pd, Rh） increased the rate of reduction and led to an obvious improvement in OSC. OSC of CZO and CZYO with precious metals are related to their composition and the type of precious metal.     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系FeO活度的计算模型

利用熔渣结构共存理论建立了CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系FeO活度的计算模型,并分析了1400℃时炉渣碱度、MgO和FeO含量对该渣系FeO活度的影响规律。结果表明：当CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣系三元碱度为1.3,Al2O3含量为12wt%,FeO含量为2wt%条件下,随MgO含量的增加,炉渣FeO活度增大;当二元碱度为1.1,Al2O3含量为12wt%,MgO含量为10wt%时,FeO活度随随渣中FeO含量的增加呈线性增加;当渣中Al2O3、MgO和FeO含量分别为12wt%、10wt%和2wt%固定不变时,随着二元碱度的提高,炉渣FeO活度迅速增加。计算得到的上述规律和实测规律一致,说明了本模型用于分析FeO活度的正确性。