硒微量元素对种公鸡睾丸细胞超微结构的影响

近年来,国内外科技工作者在微量元素硒对家畜的生长、繁殖、免疫等方面作了大量的研究。缺硒饲养以及硒中毒对家畜的生殖器官、生长发育状况,以及生理生化指标的改变均有过大量的报道。但是,关于硒水平对家禽繁育性能的作用尚未见有报道。本实验采取对发育期的海兰白种公鸡,每日给予不同水平的定量补硒,在性成熟期观察其睾丸     

快速静脉注射对小鼠肝细胞超微结构的影响

目的：观察快速静脉注射对小鼠肝细胞超微结构的影响。方法：通过小鼠尾静脉以不同速度快速注射大体积的生理盐水,在注射后不同时间经眼眶取血,检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平;取小鼠肝脏在透射电镜下观察肝细胞超微结构的改变。结果：电镜下8s注射组在注射后10h。肝细胞内可见线粒体轻度肿胀,3天后基本恢复到正常超微结构。3s注射组肝细胞胞浆内糖原颗粒减少出现空化区,部分肝细胞线粒体内可见灶性絮状致密区,7天后基本恢复到正常超微结构。尾静脉注射生理盐水后10h,8s注射组和3s注射组小鼠血清中ALT、AST水平均最高,24h后均开始快速下降,7天后ALT、AST恢复至正常水平。结论：快速静脉注射可以引起肝细胞超微结构损伤,损伤程度与注射速度有关。     

银耳对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞功能和超微结构影响

巨噬细胞(MΦ)来源于单核吞噬细胞系统,分布广泛,在机体抗肿瘤和抗感染过程中可能起着临视作用。这些细胞不仅具有吞噬活性,而且参与多种代谢、免疫和细胞生长调节过程(1)。在正常条件下,巨噬细胞处于休止状态,活性较低,但一经激活,在形态、代谢和功能上均可出现显著的变化。活化的巨噬细胞对肿瘤细胞的溶解过程大致可以分为两个步骤:(1)巨噬细胞与肿瘤细胞紧密结合。(2)溶解肿瘤细胞(2)。一些药物如免疫增强剂等[3]也能激活MΦ。我们用银耳孢子提取物注射到小鼠腹腔,四天后观察到小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞体积增大,形态上有明显的改变,胞浆内酸性磷酸酶活     

维生素E、C与维拉帕米合用预防大鼠睾丸纤维化实验研究的电镜观察

观察大鼠睾丸纤维化的超微结构变化及维生素E、c与维拉帕米合用对其超微结构变化的影响。将wister大鼠分为正常对照组、预防睾丸纤维化组和睾丸纤维化模型组,采用王涛等建立的大鼠睾丸纤维化模型的方法略加改进。从第一次免疫的次日起,预防组给予维生素EC合剂90mg／kg／d(日)(Vitc     

He—Ne激光照射小鼠睾丸的光镜和电镜观察

以二种剂量的Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光分别照射二组雄性小鼠的阴囊，取睾丸组织作光镜和电镜观察。实验所用激光剂量分别为临床常用最大剂量的２０倍和７５倍。实验结果表明，实验动物生精上皮无紊乱和松散现象，各级生精细胞，成熟精子，支持细胞及睾丸间质细胞和超微结构无明显损伤。     

Q热立克次体感染小鼠组织的超微结构观察

Q热立克次体是人兽共患传染病Q热的病原体,本文用Q热立克次体腹腔注射感染BALB／c小鼠,用透射电镜观察发病小鼠肝脏和脾脏内立克次体的超微结构。结果发现,在肝脏和脾脏有大量立克次体。Q热立克次体见于脾脏网状内皮细胞、巨噬细胞以及肝脏枯否氏细胞胞浆中,多聚集在一起,     

丹参液对缺氧培养小鼠胎心膜通透性和超微结构的影响

本文应用器官培养的小鼠胎心研究丹参对缺氧心肌的影响。用镧作为标记物进行超微结构研究证明,丹参液有维持早期缺氧心肌细胞膜和线粒体膜通透性功能。常规电镜观察表明,丹参液在缺氧早期可延缓心肌不可逆性损伤发生的时间。     

氟砷联合作用对大鼠子代睾丸组织超微结构的影响

氟砷均为全身性毒物 ,对机体各器官组织均有损害 ,氟砷均已被肯定为生殖毒物[1- 2 ] ,但有关对子代生殖系统影响的研究十分有限。为探讨氟砷联合作用对子代睾丸损害影响 ,我们采用两代一窝繁殖试验的方法[3] ,对氟砷联合染毒大鼠子代睾丸进行了电镜观察 ,以期从超微病理角度探讨氟砷对大鼠子代生殖系统产生的危害。材料与方法1 .实验动物　采用 Wistar大白鼠 1 2 0只 ,购自新疆地方病研究所实验动物中心 ,适应性喂养 1周后 ,随机分为 4组 ,每组动物数相等 ,雌雄比例均为 2∶ 1。2 .受试物和染毒方式1 )受试物 :Na F,分析纯 ,西安化工厂生…     

小鼠镉中毒超微结构的观察

在小鼠的饮用水中加入氯化镉，小鼠的体重不同程度地减轻，解剖小鼠取出脉络丛。样品处理后，透射电镜下观察其结果。实验组小鼠脉络丛的微绒毛缺失，胞质空泡化，粗面内质网扩张，并随浓度增加改变更加严重。     

被动吸烟小鼠气管上皮超微结构观察

模拟被动吸烟环境。取成年昆明种小鼠 ,随机分为正常组 ;被动吸烟 1组 (每天吸烟 4ｈ ,共处理 2周 ) ;被动吸烟 2组 (每天吸烟 2ｈ ,共处理 4周 ,之后恢复 4周 )。断椎处死 ,取气管中段 ,透射电镜常规处理。超薄切片 ,醋酸双氧铀 硝酸铅染色。ＪＥＯＬ10 0ＣＸ型电镜观察。观察结果显示 :对照组气管粘膜上皮 ,纤毛细胞管腔面有排列整齐的纤毛 ,纤毛基体清楚。椭圆形的核位于细胞中下部。核仁明显。细胞上部有丰富的线粒体。嵴清晰可辨 ,部分线粒体嵴消失呈空泡。滑面内质网较多 ,少见粗面内质网。胞质呈低电子密度 ,故细胞为浅色 (图 1～图…     

An ultrastructural study of age-related changes in mouse olfactory epithelium

Transmission and scanning electron microscopic examinations were undertaken to detail changes in the olfactory epithelium (OE) resulting from the ageing process. Samples were prepared from 3% glutaraldehyde/1% formaldehyde perfused mice aged 6 months and 29-30 months. Compared to OE from young adults, a number of striking changes were apparent in tissue from older animals. The most obvious of these were extensive local accumulations of large inclusion bodies, totally disrupting the normal morphology of such affected areas of olfactory epithelium. Even in areas where these deposits were absent, other significant signs of ageing were noted in the seemingly unaffected OE of all older mice studied. Quantitative analysis of semi-thin resin sections revealed that the OE of aged mice was significantly reduced in thickness, and with significantly fewer olfactory sensory neurons, irrespective of whether or not inclusions were present. In addition, pale cells, which have been suggested to be a form of degenerating cells, were more abundant in aged OE. The straight, sharp boundary between respiratory and olfactory epithelia which is seen in young adults became irregular and disrupted with age due to an intermingling of the respiratory and olfactory cells. Such structural alterations may parallel olfactory dysfunction reputed to occur in older mammals.     

The influence of diffusion-induced dislocations on high efficiency silicon solar cells

Heavy boron and phosphorus diffusions are used in many high efficiency, monocrystalline silicon solar cell designs to form localized contact diffusions and back surface fields. It is important to cell performance that these diffusion processes do not increase bulk recombination by the introduction of lattice defects. This paper investigates the effect of boron and phosphorus misfit dislocation networks on the bulk recombination parameters, and performance of high efficiency silicon solar cells. It demonstrates that the formation of either a boron or phosphorus misfit dislocation network generates bulk asymmetric Shockley-Read-Hall recombination centers, and that these adversely affect the current-voltage curve, local ideality factor, and ultimately the performance of p-type silicon solar cells.     

Electron barrier height change and its influence on EEPROM cells

The effect of floating polysilicon doping on electron injection barrier height and therefore the PROGRAM/ERASE window of an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) cell has been studied. The introduction of dopant and the concentration of electrically active sites at the floating-gate polysilicon/tunnel oxide interface influence the electron injection barrier height during cell ERASE operation. The electron injection barrier increases up to 250 meV upon degenerate doping of the floating-gate polysilicon electrode as measured by dark current-voltage characteristics. The application of these observations in this study is in the design and scaling of EEPROM cells     

The influence of parameter dispersion of electrical cells on the array power output

Energy conversion by electrical (photovoltaic and chemical) cells are of relatively low power and low voltage levels. The cells are therefore connected in an array to produce the higher power and voltage levels desired. The dispersion of the cell parameters affect the array performance in such a way that the power output is lower than that desired, and hence additional cells have to be added. A larger dispersion of the parameters requires a greater amount of additional cells for the same power output requirement to make up for the so-called cell mismatch losses. This paper deals with the influence of parameter dispersions on array output power. The required number of cells in an array is determined analytically for a known distribution of the cell parameters. The nonidentical cell array can now be interchanged with an equivalent identical cell array permitting less complex calculations. The analysis in this paper is given for a large number of ideal electrochemical cells; a similar approach can be applied on other electrical cells.     

拓扑替康对Lewis肺癌细胞和血管内皮细胞结构的影响

拓扑替康是拓扑异构酶工独特而有效的抑制剂。近年来发现拓扑替康在非赘生物实验中具有抗血管生成特性。本实验观察了拓扑替康对Lewis肺癌肿瘤细胞和血管内皮细胞形态结构的影响,旨在为探讨拓扑替康对肺癌的抑制作用机理提供形态学依据。     

Temperature influence on performance degradation of hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells irradiated with protons

This paper reports temperature influence on radiation degradation of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si : H) solar cells. Degradation behaviors of a‐Si : H solar cells irradiated with protons at 331 K are compared with that at 298 K (room temperature). Variations with time in the post‐irradiation electrical properties are also investigated. It is found that the radiation degradation of the electrical properties at 331 K is significantly smaller than that at room temperature. Also, all the electrical properties (short‐circuit current, open‐circuit voltage, output maximum, and fill factor) recover with time after irradiation even at room temperature. The characteristic time of thermal annealing of short‐circuit current is larger as the temperature is higher. These results indicate that temperature during irradiation and elapsed time from irradiation to measurement is an important parameter for radiation degradation of a‐Si : H solar cells. Therefore, these parameters should be controlled in conducting the ground radiation tests. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The neglected influence of zinc oxide light-soaking on stability measurements of inverted organic solar cells

Although zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most commonly used materials for electron transport layers in organic solar cells (OSCs), it also comes with disadvantages such as the so-called light-soaking issues, i.e., its need for exposure to UV light to reach its full potential in OSCs. Here, the impact of ZnO light-soaking issues on stability measurements of OSCs is investigated. It is found that in the absence of UV light a reversible degradation occurs, which is independent of the used active layer material and accelerates at higher temperatures but can be undone with a short UV exposure. This reversible aging is attributed to the re-adsorption of oxygen, which for manufacturing reasons is trapped at the interface of ZnO, even in an oxygen-free environment. This oxygen can be removed with a UV pretreatment of the ZnO but at the expense of device efficiency and production that has to take place in an oxygen-free environment. This study establishes that stability measurements of ZnO-containing OSCs must be performed exclusively with a light source including a UV part since the usage of a simple white light source – as often reported in the literature – can lead to erroneous results.     

蓝牙控制的有毒气体检测车辆的应用研究

本文旨在设计一款具有无线控制方式且具备一定灵活性的有毒气体检测设备。该检测设备以单片机为控制核心、结合MQ系列传感器检测有毒气体信息并进行判断报警,通过蓝牙无线传输的控制方式完成对复杂路况的遥控行走。设计研究结果表明,该蓝牙控制的有毒气体检测车辆具有良好的响应特性,稳定性好,控制灵活,满足设计技术要求。     

杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池光吸收层薄膜致密性对其效率影响的研究进展

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿基异质结太阳能电池效率提升速度十分迅猛,其光电转换效率极有可能在短时间内提高至25%以上。其中,杂化钙钛矿薄膜的致密性直接关系到薄膜性能的优劣,对获得高效率太阳能电池具有重要影响。介绍了杂化钙钛矿材料的特性,重点探讨不同方法制备的杂化钙钛矿薄膜致密性对太阳能电池效率的影响,并分析存在的问题和展望其发展前景。