反倾岩质滑坡破坏模式及发育机理研究

反倾岩质滑坡因结构面特点,往往易发生变形破坏,危害较大.以怒江流域的格堆村滑坡为例,在地质调查的基础上,采用离散元数值模拟技术,对滑坡变形累积到破坏的全过程进行了模拟,结果表明:斜坡体的位移最先出现在坡表,随后向坡内扩展,且位移量呈现出由坡外向坡内逐渐减小的趋势,表现出倾倒破坏的特征;综合野外调查及数值模拟结果推断,格...     

浅析隧道口边坡破坏机理及破坏模式

随着我国土建事业的发展,高速公路建设中桥隧比例日益加大。因此,对边坡破坏机理及破坏模式研究有重要工程意义,文中通过分析隧道洞口边坡形成条件,提出了石质边坡和土质边坡不同的破坏机理及破坏模式,为工程设计、边坡施工和边坡灾害治理提供了理论参考依据。     

边坡渐进破坏可靠性分析

渐进破坏是露天矿边坡破坏的一种共性。从破坏的转移概率入手,建立了边坡渐进破坏的可靠性模型。通过某露天煤矿的滑坡实例的计算分析,证明本模型是令人满意的。     

近水平岩层边坡破坏模式试验研究

采用双层底面摩擦模型,研究近水平岩层边坡破坏模式,能体现出不同岩体在强度上的差异,得到近水平岩层边坡破坏为张裂缝—圆弧面—平面的边坡滑动破坏的基本模式。该底面摩擦模型试验现仍处在定性试验阶段。     

岩质锚固边坡相似材料及锚固体拉拔试验

以某工程案例为基础,将锚固岩质边坡大型振动台试验作为载体,来进行模型相似材料配比研究工作。主要针对水泥砂浆和岩石进行相似材料配比试验,试验选择甘油、石英砂、重晶石、石膏等物质作为主要材料,将相似理论为依据,通过正交设计法来规划试验方案,利用浇筑灌浆方式来制作样本。通过室内试验操作来取得相似材料的主要物理力学数据,如粘聚力、内摩擦角、抗拉强度、抗压强度等,再采用直观曲线图和极差分析法对相似材料来分析正交试验结果,从而选择合理的配比来制作锚固体模型,确保整个拉拔试验顺利进行。     

基于Geostudio分析降雨对边坡稳定性的影响

降雨是边坡失稳的主要诱发因素之一,是探讨边坡稳定性必须要考虑的条件,为了探究降雨对岩质边坡稳定性的影响,我们以海螺旗下某矿山原始边坡为研究对象,研究内容为持续96 h降雨量74.4 mm/h的情况下,岩质边坡瞬时安全系数的变化。采用的计算软件为Geostudio,使用方法为极限平衡法。根据模拟结果显示,边坡瞬时安全系数变化可以分为三个阶段,分别为上升阶段、下降阶段、稳定阶段,其后分别对三个阶段进行分析,研究安全系数变化的原因。     

IMS微震监测技术在边坡中的应用研究

为研究贵州某高陡公路岩质边坡在开挖期间受周围爆破震动影响下的内部损伤程度,在介绍微震监测原理及IMS监测技术的基础上,通过微震监测仪器空间优化布置与安装、爆破测试岩体波速等建立了边坡微震监测系统。监测结果表明,爆破震动诱发了边坡1272~1309m高程大量微震事件,且沿边坡内部呈长条带丛状分布,微震事件分布特征能较好反映出现场施工情况,IMS微震监测技术能初步给出需要密切监测关注和加固的范围。     

PVC-U给水管材力学破坏原因初探及预防

在分析PVC-U管材与传统金属管材性能差异的基础上，从生产-应用-质量控制链的全过程分析PVC-U管材力学破坏的原因，从而提出了有效的预防措施。     

绵阳高家梁山东侧1#滑坡演化机制及对策研究

为深入探索绵阳高家梁山东侧1#滑坡的变形机理和发展趋势,对滑坡区域内的地质条件和区域特征进行了详细勘察。结合滑坡性质及形态特征,从滑坡的演化机制、失稳破坏模式以及工程防治措施等方面进行了深入探索。结果显示,高家梁山东侧1#滑坡是典型的平推式岩质滑坡,持续强降雨是发生滑坡的重要诱因。此外,坡体结构和不良地层条件是加剧滑坡变形的关键因素。对初期变形的滑坡,及时有效的应急处理措施十分必要,能够降低大规模滑坡的风险。     

矿山边坡可靠度分析的研究

在边坡稳定性分析中,把岩体强度参数视为随机变量来处理,考虑到边坡工程的风险性,用工程类比法确定出整体边坡允许破坏概率和目标可靠度指标,从而选择最佳边坡设计方案。     

基于岩石力学的套管损坏原因分析

本文主要是针对目前油田上经常出现的套管损坏事故,给油田的生产和经济造成了巨大的损失,究其产生的原因来说是很复杂的,同时也是多方面的。为了进一步的指导油田的工作,本文从岩石力学的角度来分析套管损坏的原因,希望能够对油田工作者有一定的帮助。     

低渗透岩心渗流力学实验研究

对于低渗透油气藏,其渗流规律表现出对达西定律的偏离,主要特征表现为在渗流过程中存在启动压力梯度。目前主要用达西定律来近似处理这些问题,这与真实情况存在着较大误差,影响着油气藏的产量和经济效益。因此本文在分析、研究大量低渗岩心实验数据的基础上,证明了启动压力梯度及低速非达西渗流的存在,得到了流体粘度、地层温度对拟启动压力梯度的影响规律,并分析了原油粘度在缝隙中的变化规律,以及渗流过程中阻力系数与雷诺数间的关系;通过以上研究希望能为低渗透油气田高效开发提供了理论依据。     

On The Mechanics of Rubber-to-Metal Bond Failure

In many applications rubber is bonded to metal for fixing purposes or to alter the stiffness. Integrity of the bond is often vital to maintain the required stiffness characteristics and ensure adequate life. The mechanics of bond failure is being studied for various types of deformation. Provided tests are carried out under suitable loading conditions, time-dependent failure with a similar locus has been observed in peeling at 90° or 180°, pure shear and various combinations of simple shear and compression. There are indications that an energetics approach can enable results from different geometries to be quantitatively interrelated. Cavitation-like processes observed in the rubber in the bond region are believed to result from the constraint imposed by the metal and may be the cause of the time-dependent failure.     

On The Mechanics of Rubber-to-Metal Bond Failure

In many applications rubber is bonded to metal for fixing purposes or to alter the stiffness. Integrity of the bond is often vital to maintain the required stiffness characteristics and ensure adequate life. The mechanics of bond failure is being studied for various types of deformation. Provided tests are carried out under suitable loading conditions, time-dependent failure with a similar locus has been observed in peeling at 90° or 180°, pure shear and various combinations of simple shear and compression. There are indications that an energetics approach can enable results from different geometries to be quantitatively interrelated. Cavitation-like processes observed in the rubber in the bond region are believed to result from the constraint imposed by the metal and may be the cause of the time-dependent failure.     

深部岩巷底鼓机理及控制技术研究

深井巷道围岩控制是巷道支护难题之一。针对大采深高应力作用下巷道底鼓的问题,依据具体的工程实例,分析了巷道底鼓的机理及影响因素,揭示了巷道底板无支护条件下巷道围岩变形移动规律,对巷道原支护参数进行优化,并应用超挖锚注回填技术控制底鼓技术。实验结果表明,该技术取得了良好的治理效果,巷道底鼓量明显降低,取得了显著的经济和社会效益,为类似情况提供借鉴经验。     

硅橡胶断口形貌及破坏机理研究

采用扫描电子显微镜，观察了硅橡胶断口的特征形态，分析了其微观破坏机理。实验结果表明：在外加载荷作用下，硅橡胶室温下裂纹产生主要是由于分子链断裂的结果，低温下硅橡胶的微观结构破坏主要以层晶之间的破坏为主。     

Possible Failure Mechanism of Cavities Produced at Depth in a Rock Salt Massif by an Explosion

Experimental and analytical studies were performed of the deformation and failure of cavities produced for condensed gas storage at depths of 920–1100 m in a salt massif by 15 nuclear explosions. From the results of the studies a method is proposed to preserve the volume of the cavities after explosion by producing a back pressure in them.     

复合材料吸能圆管轴向准静态压缩失效机理研究

提出了一种复合材料吸能圆管轴向准静态压缩的仿真方法,用于分析该吸能圆管在准静态压缩过程中的失效机理。同时采用壳单元在ABAQUS中建立了一个复合材料吸能圆管准静态压缩仿真模型,该模型采用Hashin准则来判断材料是否达到失效状态,当达到失效极限时,对网格进行删除以模拟管壁的断裂过程,并根据对应实验建立了压头模型和底座模型以确定仿真的加载和边界条件。最后利用ABAQUS/explicit求解器计算得到该模型的最终仿真结果。结果表明,最大载荷与平均载荷的仿真结果相对于实验结果均具有较小的误差。     

A Fracture Mechanics Approach to Failure in Fibrous Composites

This paper presents a review of the fracture processes which occur in brittle thermosetting resins containing long strong fibers of carbon, boron and glass. Important material variables affecting the fracture behavior of the fibrous composite include fiber strength and strength of the fiber-matrix interface. Other parameters which must be considered include component geometry, environment, loading mode and nondestructive inspection capability. The effects of microstructural features including fiber volume fraction, together with a consideration of the fiber-resin interface are discussed in relation to the fracture stress and toughness of the composite material. The influence of the fiber-resin interface and environment on slow crack growth in carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin is also reviewed.     

A Fracture Mechanics Approach to Failure in Fibrous Composites

This paper presents a review of the fracture processes which occur in brittle thermosetting resins containing long strong fibers of carbon, boron and glass. Important material variables affecting the fracture behavior of the fibrous composite include fiber strength and strength of the fiber-matrix interface. Other parameters which must be considered include component geometry, environment, loading mode and nondestructive inspection capability. The effects of microstructural features including fiber volume fraction, together with a consideration of the fiber-resin interface are discussed in relation to the fracture stress and toughness of the composite material. The influence of the fiber-resin interface and environment on slow crack growth in carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin is also reviewed.