环氧树脂／碳化硅晶须导热复合材料的制备研究

用共混复合-浇注成型法制备环氧树脂／碳化硅晶须（EP／SiCw）导热复合材料,研究了导热填料种类、形状、用量和表面处理对复合材料的导热性能、力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,SiCw较SiCp更易改善材料的导热性能,热导率随SiCw用量的增加而增大,当SiCw体积分数为42．1％时,复合材料热导率为0．9611W／（m·K）;力学性能随SiCw用量的增加先增加后降低。表面处理有利于提高复合材料的导热性能和力学性能。SiCw的加入使环氧树脂的耐热性提高、Tg降低。     

HDPE和MVQ导热性的影响因素

对高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）、HDPE／导热填料和硅橡胶（MVQ）／导热填料三种材料的导热性能进行了试验研究。总结分析了导热填料种类及含量、温度、结晶度、密度等方面因素对材料导热性能的影响。实验结果表明：HDPE材料的热导率随着结晶度的增大而上升；随着导热填料粒径的增加，HDPE、MVQ材料的热导率增大；材料密度的提高，可提高导热性能。     

高导热聚丙烯复合材料导热性能的研究

研究了石墨填充改性聚丙烯复合材料的流动性能、力学性能及其导热性能。实验结果表明，用热导率高、粒径小的石墨对聚丙烯进行填充改性，可以显著提高复合材料的热导率，当石墨质量百分含量为45%时，石墨/PP复合材料的热导率达到1．29W/(m·K)，是纯聚丙烯树脂的6倍多；但流动性能和力学性能有所下降。同时发现热导率理论模型只能在低填充情况下适用。     

导热PE-HD／SiC复合材料的制备及性能研究

将碳化硅（SiC）粒子和高密度聚乙烯（PE—HD）经粉末混合后制得导热复合材料。研究了SiC粒子分散状态及含量对复合材料热导率、热阻、力学性能及电绝缘性能的影响，探讨了SiC粒径对热导率的影响。结果表明：复合材料中SiC粒子围绕在PE—HD粒子周围，形成了特殊的网状导热通路；随SiC粒径增加，热导率降低；在填料体积分数为30％时，复合材料热导率、热阻、拉伸强度及冲击强度、体积电阻率和介电常数分别为1．05W／（m·K）、0．75K／W、15MPa、13．2kJ／m^2、4．6×10^15 ·Ω·cm和3．03。此外，使用少量的氧化铝（Al2O3）纤维替代SiC组成混杂填料增强的材料各项性能均得到改善，并且与纯PE-FID相比具有优良的热传导能力。     

高导热高绝缘FEP／AIN复合材料的研究

采用聚全氟乙丙烯（FEP）为基体，偶联处理的氮化铝（AIN）为填料，通过共混、模压等方法制备了高导热、高绝缘的FEP／AIN复合材料。结合材料导热计算模型，分析了AIN用量对材料热导率、体积电阻率、力学以及流变性能的影响。结果表明：随AIN填充量的增加，复合材料的热导率呈近线性增加，当AIN的质量分数为30％时，材料的热导率可达2．22W／m·K），体积电阻率可达1．5×10^15Ω·cm，并具有较好的力学性能和流变性能。     

聚丙烯/高密度聚乙烯/氮化硼导热复合材料的制备及性能研究

以聚丙烯（PP）/高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）共混物为基体，六方氮化硼（h-BN）为导热填料，聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐（PP-g-MAH）为相容剂，通过熔融共混法制备PP/HDPE/h-BN和PP/HDPE/h-BN/PP-g-MAH导热复合材料。采用导热系数仪、场发射扫描电镜、万能试验机、热分析仪等测试导热复合材料，研究不同含量的h-BN、PP-g-MAH对复合材料导热性、力学性能、结晶性能和耐热性的影响。结果表明：随着h-BN含量的增加，PP/HDPE/h-BN复合材料的弯曲强度、热导率和耐热性提高。当h-BN含量为20%，复合材料的弯曲强度达到41.02 MPa；当h-BN含量为25%，复合材料热导率达到0.372 1 W/（m·K）。h-BN对PP的结晶具有促进作用，提升PP的结晶速率和结晶温度。PP、HDPE与h-BN质量比为64∶16∶15时，添加5%的PP-g-MAH，增强了h-BN和基体材料的界面相容性，复合材料的弯曲强度达到42.72 MPa，拉伸强度达到26.64 MPa，热导率达到0.356 1 W/（m·K）。     

导热橡胶的研究进展

概述导热橡胶的典型理论模型和导热机理，介绍导热橡胶填料的应用研究及导热橡胶的加工进展。填充型导热橡胶的典型理论模型包括粉状填料模型、纤维填料模型和片状填料模型；橡胶复合材料的导热性主要取决于所用填料的导热性及其在基体中的分布形式，只有当填料用量达到能够在基体中形成导热网链时才能起到改善材料导热性的作用；三氧化二铝、碳化钛、氮化硼等高导热性填料的加入可有效提高NR、SBR、IIR和硅橡胶等材料的导热性。     

导热高分子复合材料研究进展

在介绍金属材料、无机非金属材料以及高分子材料导热机理的基础上,介绍了导热填料填充高分子复合材料的导热网链机理和热弹性组合机理2种导热机理,该理论可以解释导热高分子复合材料导热过程中不同的现象和规律;归纳了适用于粒子、纤维等填充的聚合物基复合材料的各种导热模型;讨论了树脂基体、导热填料和温度对于高分子复合材料热导率的影响...     

Si3N4／环氧树脂导热复合材料制备和性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂KH-550对氮化硅（β—Si3N4）进行表面处理,浇注制备氮化硅／环氧树脂（Si3N4／EP-828）复合材料,研究了Si3N4粒径、用量和表面改性对复合材料导热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Si3N4／EP-828的导热性能随Si3N4用量的增加而提高,当Si3N4体积分数为30％时,热导率为0．83W／mK,为纯环氧树脂4倍多;力学性能则随Si3N4用量的增加先增大后降低。表面改性有助于进一步提高复合材料的导热性能和力学性能。初步分析表明,Si3N4／EP-828热导率与Si3N4形成的导热网链和Si-O-Si键导热骨架有关。     

填料尺寸对填充型环氧树脂复合材料热导率的影响

通过比较由超高热导率的纳米钻石和微米级铝粉填充环氧树脂制得的复合材料,探究复合材料的导热行为。结果显示,填料粒子的尺寸可以影响环氧树脂基体在粒子之间的存在形式,从而影响复合材料热导率,当填充粒子间的距离在一整条分子链长度内时,复合材料的热导率会出现突然的增加。填料粒子与基体界面结合方式也会影响分子链在粒子表面的排列形式,从而影响复合材料的热导率。     

煤矸石填充改性聚酰亚胺复合材料的研究

以廉价的煤矸石为填料,利用原位聚合法制备了一种煤矸石填充改性聚酰亚胺(PI)复合材料.用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪和偏光显微镜研究了PI/煤矸石复合材料的微观结构,并测试了复合材料的力学性能和热性能.结果表明,加入适量煤矸石能提高PI/煤矸石复合材料的力学性能,当煤矸石的质量分数为10%时,PI/煤矸石复合材料的降解温度比纯PI提高了34.8℃;煤矸石在PI基体中分散较均匀,粒径为几微米到几十微米.     

Mechanical,thermal and electrical properties of multi‐walled carbon nanotube/aluminium nitride/polyetherimide nanocomposites

A series of polyimide‐based nanocomposites containing polyimide‐grafted multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (PI‐g MWCNTs) and silane‐modified ceramic (aluminium nitride (AlN)) were prepared. The mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of hybrid PI‐g MWCNT/AlN/polyetherimide nanocomposites were investigated. After polyimide grafting modification, the PI‐g MWCNTs showed good dispersion and wettability in the polyetherimide matrix and imparted excellent mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. The utilization of the hybrid filler was found to be effective in increasing the thermal conductivity of the composites due to the enhanced connectivity due to the high‐aspect‐ratio MWCNT filler. The use of spherical AlN filler and PI‐g MWCNT filler resulted in composite materials with enhanced thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion. Results indicated that the hybrid PI‐g MWCNT and AlN fillers incorporated into the polyetherimide matrix enhanced significantly the thermal stability, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the matrix. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

无机填料的表面处理及其在导热天然橡胶复合材料中的应用

用季戊四醇、丙三醇和钛酸酯偶联剂分别对氧化铝、氧化镁和高岭土进行表面改性,并将改性填料填充天然橡胶(NR)制备了导热复合材料,考察了表面处理剂种类及其用量对无机填料的影响,并研究了季戊四醇改性氧化铝填充NR复合材料的硫化特性、物理机械性能和导热性能.结果表明,3种填料中季戊四醇的改性效果最好,且其用量为1.0～1.5份时对氧化铝的改性效果最佳;随着改性氧化铝填充量的增加,复合材料的最大转矩、300%定伸应力、拉伸强度和热导率均增大,当其用量为60份时,改性氧化铝填充NR复合材料的热导率比未填充NR复合材料提高了23.9%.     

High-value utilisation of ceramic waste powder in PVC-based composite and basalt fibre reinforcement effect on its performance

Herein, ceramic waste (CW) powder and basalt fibre (BF) were used as inorganic filler and reinforcement, respectively, to prepare polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based composites. The influence of the CW content on the rheological and mechanical properties of PVC-based composites was studied to attain a proper CW filling content. Besides, the effects of BF addition on the mechanical properties, water resistance, thermal conductivity and thermal stability of the BF/CW/PVC composites were investigated. The results show that although plasticising time is prolonged as the CW filling content increases, the CW/PVC composites still have good processability under high-filling content of 50 wt% CW. The addition of 10 wt% BF improves the mechanical properties of the CW/PVC composite. The BF/CW/PVC composites have good water resistance and thermal insulation performances. The CW filling powder and BF significantly improve the thermal stability and enhance the deformation resistance and storage modulus of the composites. This work provides a high-value utilisation method for recycling CW.     

Fabrication and dielectric properties of poly(ether ether ketone)/polyimide blends with selectively distributed multi‐walled carbon nanotubes

The distribution and contents of conductive fillers have a decisive influence on the dielectric properties of polymer/conductive filler composites. Herein, we clarified how the phase morphology and filler contents affect the dielectric properties of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)/polyimide (TPI)/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites, in which MWCNTs were selectively located in the TPI phase. Firstly, PEEK/TPI/MWCNTs composites with identical MWCNTs content but different PEEK/TPI ratios were prepared. The composites with co‐continuous phase structure exhibited much better dielectric properties than those with sea–island structure. Then, PEEK/TPI/MWCNTs composites with the same PEEK/TPI ratio but various MWCNTs contents were prepared. The dielectric constant of the composite with 2 wt% MWCNTs reached 11306, which is because the formation of a co‐continuous phase structure benefited the mini‐capacitor network. Our results provide an effective method to develop high‐dielectric‐constant composites using the concept of double percolation. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation and heat resistance of hollow glass microbead/silicone rubber composite coating

Hollow glass microbead/silicone rubber composite coatings were prepared to improve the heat-resistance and mechanical properties of silicone rubber-based composites, using CE modified SR as the matrix and HGM as the filler. The microscopic morphology and thermal stability of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), respectively. The results showed that the thermal stability of the composites increases with the increase of filler content. For the composite sample with a HGM mass content of 16.7%, the initial decomposition temperature (T₅) is 408°C, which is 84°C higher than that of silicone rubber. The low density and high sphericity of HGM make it easier to uniformly disperse in the polymer matrix. In addition, compared to silica, which is commonly used as an inorganic filler, the lower thermal conductivity of HGM is also beneficial for achieving better thermal shielding effect. It is confirmed that the insufficient thermal stability of the polymer matrix above 400°C can be compensated for by the properly dispersed inorganic fillers. Therefore, the thermal stability of the composite is improved by the synergistic effect of modified heat-resistant matrix and inorganic filler.     

2种导电炭黑复合橡胶体系的导热性能研究

研究了2种导电炭黑复合天然橡胶材料的导热性能随着温度和填料用量的变化规律。结果表明,温度对于导电炭黑复合体系导热性能的影响不大。乙炔黑复合体系具有极高的导热性能,随着炭黑用量的增加,其导热性能优势越加明显。据透射电镜观察填料的微观形态,乙炔黑链枝状结构丰富,聚集体之间以面接触为主,这是其复合橡胶导热性能优异的原因,乙炔黑复合材料的热导率与炭黑体积分数呈线性关系。40B2复合体系的热导率与炭黑体积分数呈现逾渗规律,逾渗阈值在炭黑体积分数8.30%至13.63%之间。据扫描电镜观察复合材料的微观结构,逾渗现象与炭黑在基体内的分布密切相关。为更精确地描述填料用量与复合体系热导率的关系,对2种复合体系的热导率与炭黑的体积分数进行了回归。     

Effects of flake graphite on property optimisation in thermal conductive composites based on polyamide 66

In this study, in order to improve the thermal conductivity of polyamide 66(PA66), PA66 composites filled with flake graphite (FG) were prepared by twin-screw extruder. Effects of filler content, particle size and particle size mixing on thermal conductivity, mechanical and rheological properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that as FG content increased from 0 to 50 wt-%, thermal conductivity of the composites filled with 100 μm FG gradually increased, whereas mechanical properties and rheological properties decreased. At 50 wt-% loading, thermal conductivity reached 3.07 W/(m K). With the increase of particle size, thermal conductivity and rheological properties of the composites improved, but mechanical properties increased first and then decreased. The composite filled with 100 μm FG had relatively optimal mechanical properties. Particle size mixing can improve thermal conductivity and the maximum value was achieved in the 1:2 mass ratio of 20 and 100 μm particles.     

PB-1/BN导热复合材料的制备及性能研究

以聚丁烯-1(PB-1)为基体,二维片状氮化硼(BN)为导热填料,采用模压成型的方法制备了PB-1/BN导热复合材料。研究了BN用量对PB-1/BN导热复合材料导热性能、力学性能、流变性能以及结晶性能的影响。结果表明:BN的加入使复合材料的导热性能明显提高,当BN用量为50%时,复合材料的导热系数达到1.28 W/(m·K),与纯PB-1相比提高了266%;随着BN用量的增加,复合材料的力学性能明显下降;同时,其结晶温度和结晶度也有不同程度降低。     

石墨和碳纤维改性聚酰亚胺复合材料的导热性能

以石墨、碳纤维(CF)、聚酰亚胺(PI)三元复合材料为研究对象,考察了CF体积含量对PI三元复合材料导热性能的影响,并采用了拟二元体系模型探讨了石墨和CF填充PI复合材料的协同效应。结果表明,CF的加入可以提高复合材料的力学性能：拉伸强度呈现先升高后降低的趋势,当CF含量为11.8 %（体积分数,下同）时,拉伸强度可达66.37 MPa;弯曲强度随着CF体积含量的增而增加,当CF含量为24.6 %时,弯曲强度可达103.3 MPa。复合材料热导率呈非线性增长,表明石墨和CF间存在协同效应;当CF含量为34.1 %时,环境扫描电子显微镜分析表明,CF与石墨能很好地搭接,增大了传热面积,复合材料热导率可达0.512 W/(m·K),约是其计算值的2倍。