CHARACTERIZATION of ARAB MEDIUM CRUDE FRACTIONS WITH EMPHASIS ON KINEMATIC VISCOSITY - TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR

Characterization of Arab medium Crude Oil, has been carried out in terms of API gravity, debutanized crude gravity, total sulfur content, Reid vapour pressure ash content, heating value, salt content, viscosity SUS, vanadium content as V₂O₅, pour point and analysis of various metals. Further, six true boiling point (TBP) fractions (IBP-95^°C, 95-205^°C, 205-260^°C, 260-345^°C, 345-455^°C and 455^°C+) of this crude were characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfur contents H2S content, mercaptons content, molecular weight, elemental analyse; for total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, analyses of various metals and paraffin, aromatic and naphthene contents of lighter fractions. The kinematic viscosity-temperature data have been obtained for 95^°C+ TBP fractions for a wide range of temperatures.     

CHARACTERIZATION OF ARAB BERRI (EXTRA LIGHT) CRUDE FRACTIONŞ WITH EMPHASIS ON KINEMATIC VISCÓSITY-TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR

The characterization data has been obtained for Arab Berri extra light crude oil (API° 46.9), which is one of the four crude oils being commercially produced by Saudi Arabia. Further, six true boiling point fractions (IBP-95°C, 95-205°C, 205-260°C, 260-34S°C, 345-455°C and 455°C+) of this crude were characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfur, H₂S, merceptans, molecular weight, elemental analysis for total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, analysis of various metals and paraffin, aromatic and naphthalene contents of lighter fractions. The kinematic viscosity-temperature data have been obtained for 95°C+ TBP fractions for wide range of temperatures.     

CHARACTERIZATION OF KUWAITI CRUDE TBF-FRACTIONS WITH EMPHASIS ON KINEMATIC VISCOSITY - TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR

Characterization of Kuwaiti crude oil, has been carried out in terms o API gravity, debutanized gravity, total sulfur content, Reid Vapor pressure ash content, heating value, salt content, viscosity SUS, vanadium content a: V2 O5, pour point and analysis of various metals. The true boiling poinl (TBP) fractions of this crude (IBP - 95^° C, 95 - 205^°C, 205 - 260^° C, 260 - 345^° C and 455^° C⁺;) were also characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfui content, H₂S content, mercaptans content, molecular weight and elementa analyses for total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. The kinematic viscosity temperature data have been obtained for 95^°C⁺; TBP fractions for a wide range of temperatures.     

CHARACTERIZATION OF KUWAITI CRUDE TBF-FRACTIONS WITH EMPHASIS ON KINEMATIC VISCOSITY - TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR

ABSTRACT

Characterization of Kuwaiti crude oil, has been carried out in terms o API gravity, debutanized gravity, total sulfur content, Reid Vapor pressure ash content, heating value, salt content, viscosity SUS, vanadium content a: V2 O5, pour point and analysis of various metals. The true boiling poinl (TBP) fractions of this crude (IBP - 95^° C, 95 - 205^°C, 205 - 260^° C, 260 - 345^° C and 455^° C⁺;) were also characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfui content, H₂S content, mercaptans content, molecular weight and elementa analyses for total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. The kinematic viscosity temperature data have been obtained for 95^°C⁺; TBP fractions for a wide range of temperatures.     

稠油乳化降粘剂的研究

研制开发了稠油抗高盐含量的HFB型乳化降粘剂，讨论了影响乳化降粘的主要因素。实验室评价结果表明，HFB型乳化降粘剂对塔河3口稠油井开采的稠油具有明显的降粘效果，降粘率均大于93％。     

稠油降粘剂的室内研究

稠油的天然高粘度高凝性能使其在生产、运输、储存等方面比常规原油困难得多。根据稠油的特点,采用两步合成法,在室内先用苯乙烯（S）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MAME）、丙烯酰胺（AA）在一定温度、溶剂条件下进行聚合,然后与十八醇进行酯交换,得到三元共聚酯化物－梳状聚合物降粘剂。经在稠油中的降粘性能评价,实验结果表明,此降粘剂具有良好的降粘效果,当用量达到400mg/I时,降粘率可70%.,同时,还讨论了三元共聚中间物的合成条件如温度、合成时间、原料配比、引发剂用量以及三元共聚中间物的酯化条件等对产品降粘效果的影响。     

特稠原油用新型降粘剂的研究

合成了新型大分子油溶性降粘剂EP系列,加入2 g/L EP-12的辽河特稠(冷东3~#)原油,50℃的降粘率可达87.0％。以收率为指标优化EP降粘剂,较佳的合成工艺条件是:脂肪酸碳链长度为12个碳原子,酸醇摩尔比为1.2:1,催化剂用量为5％,反应时间为16 h,收率为98.0％。初步探讨了降粘剂的组成结构及降粘剂的碳链长度对降粘性能的影响。     

双丙酮丙烯酰胺共聚物的合成及其对稠油降黏性能的研究

采用正交实验法,以降黏率为考核指标,对四元共聚物型油溶性降黏剂(DMSM)的合成工艺条件进行了优化,最佳条件为:n(双丙酮丙烯酰胺):n(甲基丙烯酸甲酯):n(苯乙烯):n(马来酸酐)=0.07:0.10:0.05:0.15,以甲苯为溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,共聚得到双丙酮丙烯酰胺/甲基丙烯酸甲酯/苯乙烯/马来酸酐四元共聚物;再以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂与十八醇进行酯化反应,制备了油溶性降黏剂 DMSM。实验表明,在胜利油田生产的脱水稠油中,当 DMSM 用量(质量分数)达到0.1%时,50℃降黏率为95.3%,净降黏率为56.7%。     

稠油轻脱油减压深拔提高150BS光亮油黏度指数

通过对稠油轻脱油减压深拔及轻脱油深拔大于500℃馏分油加氢试验,考察了各馏分对目的产品收率及性质的影响。轻脱油减压深拔试验表明：轻脱油中小于500℃馏分为低粘指数组分,粘温性能差,具有很强的环烷基特性,对轻脱油整体黏度指数有较大的负效应;切割轻脱油中大于500℃馏分油和未切割轻脱油加氢试验表明：相同黏度时,切割后轻脱油生产的150BS光亮油,具有较高的黏度指数,说明深拔对提高产品的黏度指数有益。     

多效降粘剂HG-D用于稠油的室内研究

针对大港油田采油八区稠油凝点高,粘度较大,开采、集输的困难,对添加HG-D型多效降粘剂(由含长链乙烯基的聚合物、非离子表面活性剂和多种石油馏分类有机溶剂及加重剂等组成,不含氯和硫)进行了室内研究。结果表明:该多效降粘剂具有较好的降凝、降粘和清蜡防蜡的多种效果,降粘幅度平均达到50％左右,凝点可降至0℃左右;清蜡速率大于3mg/(mL·min)。该剂有一定的防蜡效果,可以代替单纯的清蜡剂。     

脱钙剂循环使用原油脱钙技术

在络合萃取脱钙技术的基础上,开发出一种新型原油脱钙技术--CDCa脱钙剂循环使用原油脱钙技术,并进行了工业化应用.工业应用结果表明,该技术脱金属性能稳定、脱钙剂可完全再生、对环境友好,且再生剂与新鲜剂脱金属效果相当,脱钙率达到85.3%以上.     

直馏减压馏分运动黏度的预测

摘要：采用逐步线性回归和人工神经网络(ANN)方法,建立了基于烃类组成的40℃和100℃的直馏减压馏分(VGO)运动黏度的预测公式;讨论了不同回归因子和不同回归方法对模型建立的影响。逐步回归方法可以给出直观的数学公式,并且能够了解各烃类对VGO运动黏度的影响。人工神经网络方法对非线性关系的物理量具有较强的预测能力,可以根据不同的需要选择不同的方法建立预测模型。采用成对t检验方法对VGO运动黏度运动黏度模型进行了检验,并分析了造成偏差的原因。     

石油产品运动黏度分析准确性的影响因素及对策

实验室中石油产品运动黏度测定试验采用GB/T 265—1988的分析方法,该分析方法对试验中每一步的精准度要求严格。探究试验恒温时间、流经粘度计的试验时间、试样的洁净度、取样量的准确度等因素对石油产品运动黏度测定的影响,其中,运动黏度测定的主要影响因素是试样的洁净度,并提供了相应提升试验准确性的判断和改善措施。     

VISCOSITY MODELLING OF AMERICAN CRUDE OIL FRACTIONS

The applicability of a recently proposed viscosity-temperature correlation for conventional crude oil, based on a single viscosity measurement, is extended to new data on light crude oil fractions. The correlation yielded predictions with an overall average absolute deviation of 0.86% from experimental values for 32 data sets consisting of 2 67 individual measurements.

For the lighter fractions, with viscosity below 3 cSt at 30°C, the correlation is shown to be capable of predicting the viscosity with an average absolute deviation of less than 1%. The prediction was based on a single viscosity point at 37.78°C (100°F) estimated by curve-fit method for each data set.     

VISCOSITY MODELLING OF AMERICAN CRUDE OIL FRACTIONS

ABSTRACT

The applicability of a recently proposed viscosity-temperature correlation for conventional crude oil, based on a single viscosity measurement, is extended to new data on light crude oil fractions. The correlation yielded predictions with an overall average absolute deviation of 0.86% from experimental values for 32 data sets consisting of 2 67 individual measurements.

For the lighter fractions, with viscosity below 3 cSt at 30°C, the correlation is shown to be capable of predicting the viscosity with an average absolute deviation of less than 1%. The prediction was based on a single viscosity point at 37.78°C (100°F) estimated by curve-fit method for each data set.     

西江原油生产优质高黏度指数润滑油基础油技术研究

以西江重减压蜡油为原料,模拟Chevron Lummus Global公司的三段高压加氢工艺进行中型试验,生产优质高黏度指数润滑油基础油,分别对加氢裂化单元和异构降凝-补充精制单元的操作条件进行了考察。试验结果表明,在适宜的操作条件下,对西江重减压蜡油采用加氢裂化-异构脱蜡-补充精制的全氢工艺进行处理,可生产符合APIⅡ+8cSt标准要求的润滑油基础油,且产品收率高。     

蒸馏装置改炼轻质原油改造设计新思路

介绍了中国石化扬子石油化工股份有限公司炼油厂Ⅰ套常减压蒸馏装置改炼轻质原油的改造设计情况.改造中采用了闪蒸罐→初馏加热炉→初馏塔新流程,脱后原油与初馏塔顶油气换热,初馏塔顶注水点位置后移以及常压炉为轻烃回收系统提供热源等新思路.改造后装置投产一次成功,加工能力有较大提高,对所加工油种有较强的适应性.     

新型原油萃取剂降黏减阻研究

DRIVE原油萃取剂是一种新型的以含特殊表面活性剂如氟聚酯类化合物为主的表面活性剂复配物,它可以有效地解决油井本身胶质、蜡、沥青含量多造成积垢,或油稠无法正常开采、产量下降、作业频繁、区块采油速率低等难题。为验证其增采效果,进行了一系列的室内实验研究,结果表明：DRIVE原油萃取剂可以将稠油均匀降黏、分散成流动稀油,改善原油的异常流变性,并且其剥离油垢的速率快、效果好。成膜特性实验和腐蚀实验结果表明,该原油萃取剂的吸附成膜特性可使颗粒表面的黏附力降低,并且不会对管柱等钢制设备造成严重腐蚀。现场试验结果表明, DRIVE原油萃取剂具有较强的驱油增产效果。     

沥青降粘剂对沥青性能影响研究

针对沥青热拌和施工过程中的环保问题,以基质沥青为原料,研究分析了中国石化齐鲁分公司研究院自主开发的沥青降粘剂VR-Q1对沥青的降粘效果及对沥青各项性能的影响。试验结果表明,该沥青降粘剂降粘效果好,能够提高沥青高、低温性能。与国内外两种市场性能较好的降粘剂相比较,VR-Q1对沥青高温降粘、低温增粘效果显著,同时表现出优异的高、低温性能。