Spatiotemporal Information Processing Emulated by Multiterminal Neuro‐Transistor Networks

All external sensory stimuli produce a spatiotemporal pattern of action potentials, which is transmitted to the biological neural system to be processed. The relative timing of synaptic spikes from different presynaptic neurons represents the features of the stimuli. A fundamental prerequisite in cortical information processing is the discrimination of different spatiotemporal input sequences. Here, capacitively coupled multiterminal oxide‐based neuro‐transistors are proposed for spatiotemporal information processing, mimicking the dendritic discriminability of different spatiotemporal input sequences. The experimental results demonstrate that such multiterminal neuromorphic devices can act as spatiotemporal information processing compartments for fundamental cortical computation. Also, as an example of spatiotemporal information processing, sound location functionality of the human brain is also emulated by constructing a simple artificial neural network based on such oxide‐based multiterminal neuro‐transistors.     

Modification of Two-Dimensional Tin-Based Perovskites by Pentanoic Acid for Improved Performance of Field-Effect Transistors

Understanding and controlling the nucleation and crystallization in solution-processed perovskite thin films are critical to achieving high in-plane charge carrier transport in field-effect transistors (FETs). This work demonstrates a simple and effective additive engineering strategy using pentanoic acid (PA). Here, PA is introduced to both modulate the crystallization process and improve the charge carrier transport in 2D 2-thiopheneethylammonium tin iodide ((TEA)₂SnI₄) perovskite FETs. It is revealed that the carboxylic group of PA is strongly coordinated to the spacer cation TEAI and [SnI₆]⁴⁻ framework in the perovskite precursor solution, inducing heterogeneous nucleation and lowering undesired oxidation of Sn²⁺ during the film formation. These factors contribute to a reduced defect density and improved film morphology, including lower surface roughness and larger grain size, resulting in overall enhanced transistor performance. The reduced defect density and decreased ion migration lead to a higher p-channel charge carrier mobility of 0.7 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, which is more than a threefold increase compared with the control device. Temperature-dependent charge transport studies demonstrate a mobility of 2.3 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ at 100 K due to the diminished ion mobility at low temperatures. This result illustrates that the additive strategy bears great potential to realize high-performance Sn-based perovskite FETs.     

基于SOPC的太阳敏感器信息处理系统

基于内嵌处理器软核MicroBlaze的FPGA,设计了一种太阳敏感器信息处理系统。采用MicroBlaze软核实现光斑质心提取和姿态换算,并通过其它逻辑资源实现图像传感器驱动、图像存储和接口通信等模块的时序控制,同时根据MicroBlaze软核的特点,提出了一种基于扫描方式的质心提取算法。结果表明,具有单精度浮点运算能力的MicroBlaze软核能够保证太阳敏感器质心提取和姿态计算的精度;基于扫描方式的质心提取算法流程简单,占用资源少;采用SOPC的太阳敏感器无需DSP或ARM等协处理器,减小了硬件设计复杂性,提高了系统的集成度和性能。     

用于光学信息处理的WTA电子网络的实现及其特性分析

给出了一种光信号处理用ＷＴＡ电子网络的实现方法，测试了网络的灵敏度，并分析了可能对其产生影响的因素，制作了３２单元的ＷＴＡ网络器件。网络能在几百微秒的时间内找出输入最大者，分辨精度为１ｍＶ。     

基于CIMS环境的企业质量信息流及其处理流程研究

首先探讨了制造型企业现行质量信息管理中通常存在的问题，在此基础上论证了制造业对CIMS／CAQ的需求，指出了对企业现行质量信息体系进行BPR再造，理顺其质量信息流，并建立起合理的质量信息处理流程是建立企业CIMS／CAQ的核心内容之一，最后给出了制造型企业质量信息及其处理流程的一般框架模式。     

天基光学空间目标监视信息处理技术分析

SBV是目前已成功应用于空间目标监视的典型天基光学传感器,通过被动探测空间目标反射的太阳光线辐射,完成对其探测、捕获和跟踪,并收集各种空间目标的观测数据.本文首先对SBV特点和性能进行介绍,然后以其为系统原型对天基光学空间目标监视信息处理流程和特点进行分析,提取相应关键技术,包括目标检测与恒星提取、编目维护与更新以及目标亮度特性分析等,并就其技术难点和发展趋势进行探讨.     

Solution Processed Metal Oxide High‐κ Dielectrics for Emerging Transistors and Circuits

The electronic functionalities of metal oxides comprise conductors, semiconductors, and insulators. Metal oxides have attracted great interest for construction of large‐area electronics, particularly thin‐film transistors (TFTs), for their high optical transparency, excellent chemical and thermal stability, and mechanical tolerance. High‐permittivity (κ) oxide dielectrics are a key component for achieving low‐voltage and high‐performance TFTs. With the expanding integration of complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistors, the replacement of SiO₂ with high‐κ oxide dielectrics has become urgently required, because their provided thicker layers suppress quantum mechanical tunneling. Toward low‐cost devices, tremendous efforts have been devoted to vacuum‐free, solution processable fabrication, such as spin coating, spray pyrolysis, and printing techniques. This review focuses on recent progress in solution processed high‐κ oxide dielectrics and their applications to emerging TFTs. First, the history, basics, theories, and leakage current mechanisms of high‐κ oxide dielectrics are presented, and the underlying mechanism for mobility enhancement over conventional SiO₂ is outlined. Recent achievements of solution‐processed high‐κ oxide materials and their applications in TFTs are summarized and traditional coating methods and emerging printing techniques are introduced. Finally, low temperature approaches, e.g., ecofriendly water‐induced, self‐combustion reaction, and energy‐assisted post treatments, for the realization of flexible electronics and circuits are discussed.     

新产品开发前端信息处理分析

新产品开发可以分为信息加工与物料加工两个大阶段,前一个阶段具有不确定性与模糊性。通过对比分析发现两个阶段的加工过程具有一定的相似性,如果将信息加工对象比拟为“虚拟工件”,信息加工的人脑与电脑可视为物料加工的“虚拟设备”。这样,则可以利用后阶段成熟的排序策略进行虚拟工件在虚拟设备上计划安排及能力平衡,减少信息加工的不确定性与模糊性,在理论上统一了新产品开发的全过程。     

Creation,Recording, and Processing of Information When Forming the Information Resources of Solid-State Structures Using the Methods of Optical Spectroscopy

An analysis was made of the process of forming the information resource of solid-state structures in optical spectroscopy during the stages of creating and recording information. The advantages of Fourier spectroscopy are indicated and an information measuring facility based on a Fourier spectrometer is described.     

Recent Advances in Organic One‐Dimensional Composite Materials: Design,Construction, and Photonic Elements for Information Processing

Many recent activities in the use of one‐dimensional nanostructures as photonic elements for optical information processing are explained by huge advantages that photonic circuits possess over traditional silicon‐based electronic ones in bandwidth, heat dissipation, and resistance to electromagnetic wave interference. Organic materials are a promising candidate to support these optical‐related applications, as they combine the properties of plastics with broad spectral tunability, high optical cross‐section, easy fabrication, as well as low cost. Their outstanding compatibility allows organic composite structures which are made of two or more kinds of materials combined together, showing great superiority to single‐component materials due to the introduced interactions among multiple constituents, such as energy transfer, electron transfer, exciton coupling, etc. The easy processability of organic 1D crystalline heterostructures enables a fine topological control of both composition and geometry, which offsets the intrinsic deficiencies of individual material. At the same time, the strong exciton‐photon coupling and exciton‐exciton interaction impart the excellent confinement of photons in organic microstructures, thus light can be manipulated according to our intention to realize specific functions. These collective properties indicate a potential utility of organic heterogeneous material for miniaturized photonic circuitry. Herein, focus is given on recent advances of 1D organic crystalline heterostructures, with special emphasis on the novel design, controllable construction, diverse performance, as well as wide applications in isolated photonic elements for integration. It is proposed that the highly coupled, hybrid optical networks would be an important material basis towards the creation of on‐chip optical information processing.     

Highly Stable Conjugated Polyelectrolytes for Water‐Based Hybrid Mode Electrochemical Transistors

Hydrophobic, self‐doped conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are introduced as highly stable active materials for organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The hydrophobicity of CPEs renders films very stable in aqueous solutions. The devices operate at gate voltages around zero and show no signs of degradation when operated for 10⁴ cycles under ambient conditions. These properties make the produced OECTs ideal devices for applications in bioelectronics.     

Device Physics of Solution‐Processed Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Field‐effect transistors based on solution‐processible organic semiconductors have experienced impressive improvements in both performance and reliability in recent years, and printing‐based manufacturing processes for integrated transistor circuits are being developed to realize low‐cost, large‐area electronic products on flexible substrates. This article reviews the materials, charge‐transport, and device physics of solution‐processed organic field‐effect transistors, focusing in particular on the physics of the active semiconductor/dielectric interface. Issues such as the relationship between microstructure and charge transport, the critical role of the gate dielectric, the influence of polaronic relaxation and disorder effects on charge transport, charge‐injection mechanisms, and the current understanding of mechanisms for charge trapping are reviewed. Many interesting questions on how the molecular and electronic structures and the presence of defects at organic/organic heterointerfaces influence the device performance and stability remain to be explored.     

信息加工视角下地铁导视系统设计策略研究

目的 对地铁导视系统设计现状进行梳理,旨在从信息加工视角出发,探究地铁导视系统设计策略,以提升乘客的寻路体验。方法 通过文献和现状调研分析现阶段地铁导视系统设计存在的问题,论述信息加工模型切入的可行性,构建地铁导视信息加工模型。以武汉地铁为例,通过定性和定量对当前导视系统效力进行评估并确定痛点,基于模型从感知处理、记忆储存、决策执行三个层面对地铁导视系统痛点进行分类分析。结论 构建了地铁导视信息加工模型,提出了以感知为基础的表现层设计、以记忆为依托的结构层设计、以决策为主线的行为层设计三条策略。从信息加工视角审视地铁导视系统设计,不仅可以提升乘客的寻路体验,还能有效提高地铁系统的整体运行效率。