多重PCR同时检测常见8种食物过敏原

依据大豆Lectin基因,小麦Gliadin基因,花生Arah3基因,腰果Ana o3基因,鱼和虾16S rRNA,牛和鸡线粒体DNA设计特异性引物序列.在单一PCR方法基础上,建立2种4重PCR方法检测8种食物过敏原的技术.该方法检测周期短,具有较好的特异性和灵敏性,可用于对食品中多种食物过敏原的检测和监控.     

食物过敏原及检测技术的研究进展

食物过敏是当前食品安全领域较为突出的问题,综述食品过敏原、过敏的免疫学发生机制及检测技术等方面的研究现状及发展展望,涉及致敏的食物种类及相应过敏原,过敏的免疫学分子发生机理,并对食物过敏原现存的检测技术做了相关的介绍。     

食物中过敏原检测技术研究进展

食物过敏已经成为全球性的食品安全问题,而由其引起的疾病严重影响了人们的正常生活,因此开展食物中过敏原的检测研究显得尤为重要。本文综述当前用于食物中过敏原检测的常见方法和新兴检测技术,并探讨食物中过敏原检测方法的发展前景。     

芥末等8种食物过敏原的多重PCR检测技术

依据芥末Sin a I基因、羽扇豆核糖体内转录间隔区(ITS)基因、胡桃Jug r 2基因、榛果Oleosin基因、芹菜Mtd基因、杏仁Pru du 1基因、燕麦Avenin基因和芝麻2S albumin mRNA基因设计的特异性引物序列,在普通PCR方法的基础上,通过2组4重PCR扩增,建立了同时检测芹菜、杏仁、燕麦、芝麻、芥末、羽扇豆、胡桃和榛果等8种食物过敏原的方法。该方法特异性强,灵敏性高,可应用于食品中多种食物过敏原的快速检测和监控。     

食物过敏原检测标准及标识现状

随着人们生活水平和健康意识的不断提高,对食品安全越来越重视,随之而来的是对食物过敏原种类和标识的研究和管理的监管要求越来越严格。文章综述了我国在食物过敏原检测方法标准方面的现状,以及对中国、食品法典委员会、美国、欧盟、加拿大和日本在食物过敏原种类标识方面进行了系统的总结。通过对各国和各地区在食物过敏原上的标识管理进行系统的综述,期望为我国在食物过敏原标识管理上提供借鉴,并不断地完善我国在食物过敏原检测方法以及标识方面的标准。     

不同脱脂方法对高脂肪型复杂食物基质中牛乳过敏原检测的影响

脂肪作为食品的常见成分,会与牛乳过敏原蛋白之间发生相互作用从而影响过敏原蛋白的提取效果和检测准确性。然而,有关高脂肪型复杂食物基质的脱脂方法仍鲜有研究。以含有牛乳过敏原的巧克力模拟高脂肪型复杂基质,分别测定了正己烷、异丙醇、乙酸乙酯和脂肪酶脱脂处理后模拟基质的脱脂率和蛋白损失率,比较了脱脂前后蛋白结构、粒度、脂肪分布和微观结构的变化,同时利用间接ELISA测定脱脂前后从模拟基质中主要牛乳过敏原的含量。结果表明:正己烷的脱脂率最高且蛋白损失率最低,分别为87.87%和6.86%;脱脂会改变蛋白质的空间结构,整体由紧凑变为松散,其中正己烷组和乙酸乙酯组的变化较小。粒径在脱脂后略微降低,但异丙醇处理会使蛋白聚集成较大的颗粒,粒径由297.9nm升高至445.1nm。正己烷和乙酸乙酯脱脂后模拟基质的脂肪分布更为均一且液滴变小,表面形貌由致密光滑的块状变为疏松多孔结构;而异丙醇组和脂肪酶组仍然存在部分结块。间接ELISA结果表明:酪蛋白在乙酸乙酯组中的提取率提升了61.02%;α-乳白蛋白和β-乳球蛋白在正己烷处理后的提取质量浓度最高,分别为0.73mg/mL和1.89mg/mL。正己烷脱脂处理可以明显改善高脂肪复杂基质中过敏原的提取效果,希望研究结果可为实现高脂肪型复杂食物基质中过敏原的准确检测提供参考。     

表面等离子共振技术及其在食物过敏原检测中的应用

表面等离子共振(SPR)技术是研究分子间及生物大分子稳定性的一种有效的非标记生物物理技术,并已经成功应用于使用简单、快速、无需标记的生物传感器。本文主要介绍了SPR的基本原理,SPR生物传感器的应用特点及设备以及在食物过敏原检测中的应用。已有的研究结果表明,SPR生物传感器在检测牛奶、坚果、鸡蛋和鱼制品中的主要过敏原等方面,具有灵敏度高、准确度高、检测快捷等特点,将发展成为食物过敏原检测的重要技术手段。      

食物过敏原蛋白检测技术研究进展

目前食物过敏已经成为重要的食品安全问题,该文对食物中过敏原蛋白的检测方法进行综述,为不同食物中蛋白过敏原的检测提供依据。主要介绍了食物蛋白过敏原检测技术的新发展,包括酶联免疫吸附试验、免疫印迹法、免疫层析法、PCR法、SPR技术和质谱技术,并对食物过敏原检测方法的前景作出了展望。     

食物过敏与食物过敏原

该文综述食物过敏与食物过敏原研究现状,涉及植物性食物、动物性食物及转基因食物中过敏原研 究,并介绍过敏原在食品加工处理的稳定性研究,过敏原检测方法,食物过敏控制等几个方面研究进展。     

食物过敏原检测技术研究进展

食物过敏已经成为全球性的食品安全问题,引起了广泛的关注。研究发现,明确食物过敏原的种类并远离食物过敏原仍是解决食物过敏的最有效途径,鉴于此食物过敏原检测技术具有重要的现实意义。本文结合目前食物过敏原相关检测技术,探究了基于蛋白质和核酸的食物过敏原检测技术的新发展与新应用,并通过解析国内外相关研究成果,探讨了食物过敏原检测技术的发展瓶颈与未来的发展前景,旨在为食物过敏防控和消费者健康提供支撑。     

Advanced DNA- and Protein-based Methods for the Detection and Investigation of Food Allergens

Currently, food allergies are an important health concern worldwide. The presence of undeclared allergenic ingredients or the presence of traces of allergens due to contamination during food processing poses a great health risk to sensitized individuals. Therefore, reliable analytical methods are required to detect and identify allergenic ingredients in food products. The present review addresses the recent developments regarding the application of DNA- and protein-based methods for the detection of allergenic ingredients in foods. The fitness-for-purpose of reviewed methodology will be discussed, and future trends will be highlighted. Special attention will be given to the evaluation of the potential of newly developed and promising technologies that can improve the detection and identification of allergenic ingredients in foods, such as the use of biosensors and/or nanomaterials to improve detection limits, specificity, ease of use, or to reduce the time of analysis. Such rapid food allergen test methods are required to facilitate the reliable detection of allergenic ingredients by control laboratories, to give the food industry the means to easily determine whether its product has been subjected to cross-contamination and, simultaneously, to identify how and when this cross-contamination occurred.     

食物过敏原蛋白的定量检测方法

食物过敏现象的日益严重凸显食物过敏原蛋白定量检测的重要性。目前对食物过敏原蛋白进行定量检测的方法多是基于单个蛋白的间接测定。随着质谱分析方法的进步,定量蛋白质组学技术已开始并将广泛应用于复杂食品混合物中微量过敏原的直接定量检测。本文分别对基于单个蛋白和蛋白质组学的食物过敏原蛋白的定量测定方法进行综述。     

食品中常见过敏原及检测技术研究进展

近年来,食物过敏发生率呈现上升趋势,由食物过敏引发的食品安全问题引起广泛关注。目前对于食物过敏尚无有效治疗手段,避免摄入含过敏原食物是最有效的预防方式。因此,过敏原检测与标识对过敏人群具有重要的警示意义。本文介绍了8 类常见致敏食品中主要过敏原的结构与致敏特点,综述了现阶段用于过敏原检测的主要技术,包括基于蛋白水平的免疫学检测技术、基因水平的分子生物学检测技术以及质谱技术,分析了各方法的优势与局限性,并对过敏原检测技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

Peanut Allergy,Peanut Allergens,and Methods for the Detection of Peanut Contamination in Food Products

ABSTRACT: Attention to peanut allergy has been rising rapidly for the last 5 y, because it accounts for the majority of severe food‐related anaphylaxis, it tends to appear early in life, and it usually is not resolved. Low milligram amounts of peanut allergens can induce severe allergic reactions in highly sensitized individuals, and no cure is available for peanut allergy. This review presents updated information on peanut allergy, peanut allergens (Ara h1 to h8), and available methods for detecting peanuts in foods. These methods are based on the detection of either peanut proteins or a specific DNA fragment of peanut allergens. A summary of published methods for detecting peanut in foods is given with a comparison of assay formats, target analyte, and assay sensitivity. Moreover, a summary of the current availability of commercial peanut allergen kits is presented with information about assay format, target analyte, sensitivity, testing time, company/kit name, and AOAC validation.     

食品微生物快速检测技术

食品安全是人类健康的重要保障与前提。因此,建立食品病原微生物的快速检测方法对于食品安全及人类健康有着重要的意义。简要的综述食品微生物快速检测技术的研究进展。     

New Trends in Food Allergens Detection: Toward Biosensing Strategies

Food allergens are a real threat to sensitized individuals. Although food labeling is crucial to provide information to consumers with food allergies, accidental exposure to allergenic proteins may result from undeclared allergenic substances by means of food adulteration, fraud or uncontrolled cross-contamination. Allergens detection in foodstuffs can be a very hard task, due to their presence usually in trace amounts, together with the natural interference of the matrix. Methods for allergens analysis can be mainly divided in two large groups: the immunological assays and the DNA-based ones. Mass spectrometry has also been used as a confirmatory tool. Recently, biosensors appeared as innovative, sensitive, selective, environmentally friendly, cheaper and fast techniques (especially when automated and/or miniaturized), able to effectively replace the classical methodologies. In this review, we present the advances in the field of food allergens detection toward the biosensing strategies and discuss the challenges and future perspectives of this technology.     

食品中细菌总数快速检测技术的研究进展

主要介绍快速测试片技术、电阻抗技术、微茵落技术、发射测量法、微热量技术、三磷酸腺苷(ATP)生物发光技术、色谱法等几种细菌总数快速检测技术的原理和特点,并对今后的检测方向作了展望.     

Two-Site Antibody Immunoanalytical Detection of Food Allergens by Surface Plasmon Resonance

Bovine protein β-lactoglobulin (βLG) and peanut protein Ara h1 are considered good targets for detecting milk and peanut allergen, respectively. We used surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to detect βLG and Ara h1 by immobilizing the affinity-purified monoclonal antibodies on the biosensor chip. Proteins that bound to the antibody surface were detected by a shift in resonance angle. Adding polyclonal antibodies in the sandwich assay enhanced the sensitivity. βLG and Ara h1 were detected at 5.54 and 0.77 ng/mL, respectively, by SPR, and the results demonstrated good linear relation with relatively low concentrations of protein. The limit of detection with SPR was comparable to that with sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (S-ELISA) with the same polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Use of the SPR biosensor is a simple, fast, and reliable way to detect βLG and Ara h1.