并行工程在建筑业应用的必要性研究

并行工程是集成地、并行地设计产品及相关过程的系统化方法。它已经成为制造业提高产品质量、缩短开发周期、降低成本的重要手段。把并行工程的思想、方法和技术灵活地运用到建筑业的设计、施工等领域,可以提高建筑业的整体经济效益和市场竞争力。本文分析了并行工程在建筑业应用的必要性与合理性,提出了并行工程在建筑业的应用框架。     

三维并行工程组织模块化产品开发

本文介绍了三维并行工程的概念与涵义，提出运用三维并行工程组织模块化产品开发的新方法，分为模块化设计、模块化制造、模块化定制与使用等。通过三维并行工程方法管理产品开发可以协调模块化设计、制造与使用之间的冲突。模块化策略部署矩阵、模块团队与交叉功能团队是实施模块化产品开发的有效方法。     

产品设计模具制造及并行工程

为快速响应市场,实现并行工程方法是企业增强竞争力的一种策略和途径.文中概述了在产品设计和模具制造中,实现并行工程方法应创造的技术支持环境和管理基础.     

基于并行工程的科研生产系统研究

本文从并行工程的基本原理着手阐述了这种先进的管理方法，并把它引入科研试制生产中，提出了科研试制生产单位按并行工程组织研制生产的基本模式。     

三维实体设计与并行工程

三维实体设计技术为企业实现基于并行工程的产品设计和改型提供了强有力的技术支持。笔者介绍了并行工程的概念,以及基于并行工程的产品设计方法的特点,分析了传统产品设计与并行设计流程的差别。在此基础上,指出了三维实体设计对实现并行、一体化设计和集成化协同工作的支持,并用实例说明了这种方法在汽车覆盖件模具设计开发中的应用。     

基于并行工程的航空嵌入式软件测试过程研究

航空嵌入式软件的不断推出对航空嵌入式软件测试提出了新的挑战,商业化的第三方软件测试面临着质量、进度、成本等问题,而良好的软件过程与持续的过程改进是解决这些问题的-个途径,从对并行工程的研究入手,将并行工程的方法运用到航空嵌入式软件测试实践中,寻求基于并行工程的航空嵌入式软件测试过程,可以解决以上问题.     

通用飞机型号工程管理模式探究

本文对我国通用飞机型号工程管理的发展历程和现状进行了阐述,详细介绍了网络计划技术和并行工程技术在飞机型号工程管理中的运用。并结合我国已经实施的飞机项目型号项目管理案例,对通用飞机型号工程的管理进行了较为深入的探讨。     

并行工程管理系统研究

并行工程管理系统是并行工程的核心，它由产品开发过程建模仿真与优化子系统和产品开发过程管理与协调子系统组成。本文讨论了开发过程建模的ＩＤＥＦ３过程描述获取方法，提出了系统的体系结构和主要功能，建立了面向对象的产品开发过程仿真机制。     

并行工程下的IPT管理

并行工程成功的关键是多学科协同小组工作的科学性及有效性．本文根据并行工程区别于传统产品开发组织模式的特点,阐明ＩＰＴ在并行工程中的重要作用及如何对ＩＰＴ进行管理．     

面向并行工程的CAD系统开发过程中的信息管理

面向并行工程的ＣＡＤ系统涉及的信息量大且复杂，信息管理技术是系统开发的关键技术之一。本文通过对并行工程环境下ＣＡＤ系统的信息分析，提出了信息的管理方法，为正确地开发出并行环境下ＣＡＤ系统打下基础。     

Concurrent engineering approach in the development of composite products: A review

Concurrent Engineering (CE) is regarded as a systematic design approach which integrates concurrent design of product with the related processes which is able to accomplish product that can be produced at lower cost, shorter time and with higher quality and this achievement was termed as cost, time and quality (CTQ) improvement. Since its establishment, CE philosophy was well implemented in product development with traditional materials such as metals but up to date, the work on CE in composite product development is still limited. Hence, a review on the implementation of Concurrent Engineering (CE) approach in the development of composite products is presented in this paper which includes review of various studies of CE techniques in composite product development. In addition, the relationship between CE and Pugh total design method is discussed in the context of composite design. Moreover, publications related to materials selection, life cycle analysis and sustainability issues of composite materials are also reviewed whereby a section is devoted to highlight previous work on materials selection using Analytical Hierarchy Process method. It was observed that materials selection of composite materials is a very important activity as far as CE in composite product development. The use of various techniques and computer aided materials selection tools such as Analytical Hierarchy Process has helped designers to select the most optimum composite materials for engineering components. Furthermore, based on current trends in composites product development, the role of CE is expected to be more crucial to assist composites designers in achieving the design requirements from various stakeholders effectively and efficiently considering the expanding range of composite materials availability as well as realizing new potential for biocomposites applications through introduction of innovative alternative problem solving methods as part of the CE family.     

Balancing concurrent engineering environmental factors for improved product development performance

Global competitive pressure has motivated many companies to change to a more rapid form of product development such as concurrent engineering (CE). Researchers have shown that without establishing the appropriate environments for CE, companies may fail to achieve all the benefits of using CE as a product development process. The primary purposes of this study were to determine: the relationships between a select group of environmental factors that contribute to a successful CE program, and the effects of a balanced approach among the factors on performance. This research design for this study is based on two case studies and a survey of product development managers. Data and information gathered from the case studies and the survey are used in ANOVA statistical procedures to examine the relationship between CE environmental factors and product development performance. Among other things, the results of this study show that CE factors such as the size of the project are less important than balancing the resources (i.e. technology and human) of the organization.     

并行工程框架模型的研究

针对并行工程中多功能小组工作的困难，提出了研究并行工程框架模型及相应计算机辅助环境的必要性，介绍了国外已有的几个典型框架模型，分析了其各自的特点和存在的问题，继而在此基础上，结合计算机网络通信，提出了一个改进的并行工程框架模型ＤＣＫＳ，该模型适合于对多功能小组产品开发活动的描述，具有良好的开放性和可扩充性。     

Experimental validation of a new semi‐implicit CE–SE scheme for the calculation of unsteady one‐dimensional flow in tapered ducts

This paper presents an improvement in the conservation element–solution element (CE–SE) scheme for calculating one‐dimensional flow through tapered ducts. This new CE–SE scheme has been validated against experiments in tapered ducts with non‐steady flow using pressure impulses. This validation analyses scheme's ability to reproduce instantaneous pressure in time and frequency domains, mass conservation when the section of the duct changes (which was the main drawback of the original CE–SE scheme) and finally computational time. In order to quantify the improvement of the scheme, the calculations have been compared with experimental data and with the results provided by other schemes, such as the original CE–SE or total variation diminishing schemes. This comparison shows important improvements in mass conservation in relation to the original CE–SE and not significant penalties in computational time. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sustainable supply chain flexibility and its relationship to circular economy-target performance

The circular economy (CE) is an evolving economic and sustainable development model. In this new environment, companies face a more dynamic, uncertain, and complex market environment. These challenges arise from material closed-loop flows necessary for a functioning CE. It is important to build flexibility capabilities into sustainable supply chains to address CE operational challenges. Building this operational capability needs to occur without incurring performance degradation, increasing costs, or compromising product quality. Supply chain designers have recognised the importance of sustainable supply chain flexibility (SSCF) efforts for meeting CE-targeted performance. CE-targeted performance includes reuse of materials and energy, closed flow of materials, and pollution reduction. Exploration of relationships between SSCF efforts and CE-targeted performance is limited. An objective-DEMATEL method is used to evaluate the relationship between a new SSCF measures framework and CE-targeted performance. A field study helps to identify and refine significant SSCF measures (efforts) to effectively improve CE-targeted performance. Managerial implications and future research directions for sustainable supply chain flexibility within the CE environment are presented.     

基于并行工程的新产品开发过程计划管理

本文分析了制造企业目前新产品开发过程计划管理的现状,提出了基于并行工程的先进的新产品开发过程计划管理模式,这一模式包括建立集成的产品开发团队、开发活动管理、开发计划管理等。     

价值工程在日化企业产品开发中的应用

越来越多的企业开始从产品和市场推广竞争转向产品源头竞争，即通过降低产品开发成本，提高产品开发速度，价值工程是降低开发成本的行之有效的方法；以广东高露洁公司为背景，介绍了日化企业利用价值工程降低产品开发成本的做法。     

Assessing Performance Risk for Complex Product Development: A Simulation‐Based Model

Assessing and managing performance risk is important for complex product development projects. The performance risk of complex product development can be defined as the probability failing to achieve desired performance level subject to cost and time constraints. This article presents a simulation model based on the graphical evaluation and review technique (GERT) and analyzes the complex product development project using simulation data. The model computes the probability distribution of project duration and cost in a GERT network with multifeedback branches considering activities rework that is caused by probabilistic failure to meet the planned design objective. A simulation strategy is designed to assess the performance risk in both subsystems and system development. With the performance risk assessment methodology, project managers can make a better decision and then minimize the performance risk of product development project. Finally, an obstacle clearance armored vehicle development project is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Coupling or lock-in? Co-evolution of cultural embeddness and cluster innovation-exploratory case study of Shaoxing textile cluster

Based on an exploratory case study of the development of Shaoxing textile cluster for more than 30 years, through the cross-level and multi-dimensional deconstruction of cultural embeddednesss(CE), this article dynamically analyzes the co-evolution relationship and results of its effect on the innovation capabilities of the cluster. The case study results show that CE affects the network structure and network behavior of cluster firms, which leads to the differences of innovation capabilities between cluster firms and the overall clusters. There exists a co-evolution relationship between CE and cluster innovation capabilities, and the result will lead to co-evolution coupling or lock-in. Co-evolution coupling appears in the early stage of cluster development; while co-evolution lock-in appears in the later stage of cluster development. So the embeddedness of same regional cultures may have completely different roles at different stages of cluster development. The root cause is that the network structure and behavior influenced by CE cannot dynamically match the demands for innovation in different stages of cluster's development, and the path dependence of CE evolution leads to change difficultly.