瓷石在浙江青瓷史上的地位和作用

本文简述了浙江发现和使用瓷石的过程,说明了瓷石是我国发明和发展瓷器的决定性物质基础,对于浙江瓷区的形成和青瓷客体系的发展所起的巨大历史作用．确立了浙江自东汉至宋代的我国瓷器生产的中心地位。     

清凉寺窑汝官瓷和张公巷窑青瓷釉的析晶-分相结构

显微结构分析是研究古陶瓷结构和烧制工艺的重要方法.本文选取清凉寺窑汝官瓷样品5片,汝州张公巷窑青瓷样品5片,利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观察所选青瓷釉的显微结构,并进一步探讨了两窑的青瓷釉析晶-分相结构,结果表明:清凉寺窑和张公巷窑出土的青瓷釉都具备析晶-分相结构特征,釉的分相结构与钙长石析晶相伴生,分相的形貌有孤立液滴状和三维连通状.从而揭示青瓷釉迷人外观下所隐含的科学规律.     

基于两步矩阵投影的数据分类算法

提出了一种数据分类的两步矩阵投影算法.指出Crowe提出的矩阵投影算法在数据分类中存在由于投影矩阵不惟一,导致已测可校正数据分类不彻底的缺点.采用已测数据预分类的方法,对其进行了修正.在此基础上,将矩阵投影算法引入到了未测数据分类中,提出了基于矩阵投影算法的未测数据分类算法.新算法只需求解两个投影矩阵就可以实现所有数据分类.从而避免了常规方法在未测数据分类时,求解未测数据关联矩阵绝对线性无关列的计算,提高了计算效率.数学推导和算例验证了新算法的有效性.     

Anthocyanin content and colour development of pomegranate jam

One of the most important parameters to which consumers are sensitive when selecting jams is the colour. Anthocyanin and colour development of pomegranate jams made from the ‘Mollar’ cultivar were analysed during five months. Different temperatures (5 °C and 25 °C) and light exposures (daylight and darkness) were tested during storage. Also the influence of pectin on jam preparation was evaluated. The results concluded that high methoxy pectins yielded better pomegranate jams because of their high a* values (34% higher than low methoxy ones). Optimal storage conditions were achieved at 5 °C with no light exposure at all.     

新桥硫铁矿顶板岩层安全等级划分

根据岩层物理力学性质、岩体结构和构造、岩体质量指标ＲＱＤ,水文地质条件等因素,采用ＣＳＩＲ分类法、Ｑ系统分类法、将新桥硫铁矿顶板岩层划分为三个安全等级,对矿山安全生产有重要指导作用,可为其它矿山提供借鉴。     

闭路磨矿分级系统智能控制及其应用

介绍了智能控制系统的工作原理及其实际应用,实践证明:实施磨矿分级智能控制系统后,磨机的台时处理量提高了9.82%,分级溢流 0.4mm粒级的含量也降低了3.2%.     

超细粉体干法分级理论的研究现状及其展望

综述了超细粉体干法分级的理论研究现状,并对超细粉体分级的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Environment and colour: The technological interface

Technology and colour are viewed as interfaces between the environment, humans and human activity. Examples are provided of ways of facilitating and improving access to and use of colours by commercial users of colour coatings through improvements in the accuracy of measuring and displaying colour. By analogy, the task of providing effective interfaces within the coatings industry, between the coatings industry and the environment and between the coatings industry and the public and political domain are discussed. Examples of information shortfalls are cited to illustrate how distortions arise. Examples of more effective, integrated technological, organisational and political interfacing are culled from the author's experiences.     

化学试剂信息资源的整合与应用示例

国内现已有多个试剂数据库和试剂网,但主要为试剂销售平台,缺乏更广泛的试剂信息.我们将现有多个数据库与试剂信息整合,扩展了试剂信息的服务内容:1)提供通过化学结构检索试剂信息的途径;2)提供试剂对应化合物的毒性实验数据;3)提供试剂的安全技术信息(包括紧急响应、火灾处理等);4)提供较全面的物理化学性质数据,包括化合物红外谱图和质谱谱图等;5)提供试剂有关的制备反应与相关文献信息.本工作是上海化学试剂资源协作网的一部分,所提供的化学试剂信息服务对现有化学试剂信息服务是一个很好的补充.     

Analysis of the influence of iron source and its occurrence state on the color of celadon glaze

Using different iron sources of industrial iron oxide, loess, slag, and golden soil, iron elements were introduced into the formula respectively, and celadon samples were prepared in a reducing atmosphere. To reveal the influence of iron source on glaze color, the celadon samples were analyzed by Spectrophotometer, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The results show that the glaze color of the samples is quite different, samples using iron oxide and golden soil as iron source raw materials are sky-green, the loess sample is olive green, and the slag sample is similar to the bean green. There are many quartz crystals in the glaze of iron oxide samples, and the turbidity is high. The liquid-liquid phase separation size close to the quartz crystal is large, and far away from the crystal is small. Industrial iron oxide is the easiest to reduce, followed by goethite in golden soil, and reduction of hematite in slag and the iron in loess in the form of isomorphic is successively more difficult. The difference in the form of occurrence of iron is the most essential factor that causes the difference in glaze color.     

新型旋风分级器流场特性及颗粒分级性能

针对传统旋风分级器分级效率较低的难题,本文设计了一种中部进风、顶部重力进料式新型旋风分级器,利用数值模拟和试验手段对其流场特征及分级性能进行了研究。模拟结果表明,新型旋风分级器内存在若干旋涡,主气流进入分级器后形成由上、下两个旋涡构成的主分级流场,上部旋涡均为上行气流,下部旋涡为切流返转形式;二次气流形成的细颗粒淘洗旋涡具有近壁面处高转速、中心区快速上升的特点,最大轴向速度达16.5m/s,可强化对边壁处浓集颗粒的剪切分散和淘洗作用,对主分级流场切向速度影响较小,但可使其轴向速度值最大增加100%,这将缩短细颗粒的停留时间;主分级流场与淘洗流场相互作用形成分区流动,具有较明显的动态边界,为粗、细颗粒的定向分离提供了力场基础。试验表明,二次气量占比约20%,主、二次气流气速分别为14m/s和20m/s时,牛顿分级效率可达88%,分级精度指数K值最小为1.84,此时新型旋风分级器具有较高的分级精度。     

CCФ380水力旋流器的应用及分级效果评定

对CCΦ380水力旋流器的分级粒度和处理能力进行了验证 ,介绍了影响水力旋流器运行和分级效果的主要因素 ,对水力旋流器的实际应用情况作了比较全面的分析 ,并对其分级效果进行了评定     

一种数据预处理方法及其应用

本文提出一种基于技术判别法、系统聚类分析和噪音平滑技术的混合数据预处理方法，并将它应用于煤炭发热量和灰份的原始数据预处理，效果良好。     

Dehydration of red bell-pepper (Capsicum annuum L.): Change in drying behavior, colour and antioxidant content

The sun, oven (50 and 70 °C) and microwave oven (210 and 700 W) drying behaviors of red bell-pepper slices were investigated. Effects of these drying methods in terms of colour indices and antioxidant activity of pepper slices were also studied. “Midilli and Küçük” model exhibited high coefficient of determination (R²) values for all the drying methods used in the assay, ranging between 0.994-0.999, while “Page” and “Modified Page” models fit better for oven drying at 70 °C. The calculated effective diffusivity (D_eff) values (m²/s) of pepper slices for the drying processes ranged between 0.31 and 87.39 × 10⁻⁹. Sun dried and followed by microwave oven (700 W) dried samples revealed the highest L^*, a^* and b^* colour values than the other dried samples. Microwave oven dried (210 W) and oven dried (50 °C) samples exhibited the lowest TEAC and DPPH radical scavenging activities among the dried samples.     

涡流空气分级机转笼结构对其分级性能的影响

摘要：研究了涡流空气分级机底盘开口与封闭两种型式的转笼对分级指标的影响。重质CaCO₃物料试验表明：采用底盘开口转笼时,切割粒径小,分级精度低;随着分级转速增加,切割粒径对风速的敏感性下降。另外,用激光多普勒测速计测量了上述两种转笼结构的分级机环形区的流场特性,结果表明：转笼底盘开口,环形区气流出现旁路,进入转笼径向风速减小,造成分级物料切割粒径减小;底盘封闭的分级机环形区内靠近转笼处,切向风速突变增大,特别是轴向上湍流度的增大,有利于团聚物料的分散和分级精度的提高。     

A classification system to enhance light‐fastness data interpretation based on microfading tests and rate of colour change

In general light‐fastness tests are carried out by comparing the colour change of a sample to the colour change of Blue Wool Standards in the same illumination conditions. With the microfading technique, developed to test the light fastness of a tiny test area on objects of cultural value, this comparison is made by absolute colour change after exposure. This article presents a new approach to enhance data interpretation of light‐fastness tests by the use of the rate of colour change. The procedure is combined with the conventional classification process using absolute colour change. The new classification system with the rate of colour change was applied to 44 samples, 13 of them were classified in more sensitive Blue Wool categories when analysing the rate of colour change. The perspective of rate of colour change helps to enhance data interpretation especially of samples showing fading characteristics different from the light‐fastness standards.     

呼吸性粉尘监测及危害程度分级方法在露天矿山的应用

介绍由劳动部推行的矿山呼吸性粉尘监测及危害程度分级方法在露天矿山应用的经验和体会，并对分级标准的修改和监测结果的应用提出了建议。     

Effect of Fe2O3 doping on colour and mechanical properties of Y-TZP ceramics

Yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP) samples with different Fe concentrations were prepared aiming to study the effects of Fe₂O₃ doping on colour and mechanical properties. Since colour is an important optical property for jewellery and watchmaking, the investigation of colour in zirconia ceramics has a great scientific and technological interest. An investigation of the mechanical and optical properties, specifically the colour, was developed starting from commercial partially yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP) powders produced by Emulsion Detonation Synthesis (EDS). Within the strategies to get colours, the use of colouring oxides such as iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) was the chosen approach. The addition of specific ions into the ZrO₂ matrix can be used to tune zirconia colour without compromising its outstanding mechanical properties. Doping with iron oxide has proved to be a suitable, reproducible and irreversible colouring mechanism, allowing the development of a chromatically beige stable material with respect to its use in different processing conditions such as different atmospheres and temperature ranges. XRD results suggested that iron ions dissolved into tetragonal zirconia phase are at interstitial positions since the unit-cell volume of the tetragonal zirconia increases with increasing iron content. The effect of dopant addition on the mechanical properties of Y-TZP ceramics was also assessed. Compared to the undoped samples, doped ones exhibit a similar Vickers hardness (>1200?MPa) and biaxial flexural strength (>1000?MPa). However, it was observed that Fe₂O₃ doping slightly decreased the fracture toughness of Y-TZP ceramics.     

人工神经网络模型及其在隧道围岩分类中的应用

应用神经网络的联想记忆功能，以隧道围岩5个类别作为训练标本，建立隧道围岩与分类指标之间对应关系的BP判定模型,伙隧道围岩分类提供了一条新途径。     

Study on the Five dynasty sky-green glaze from Yaozhou kiln and its coloring mechanism

This work takes the Five dynasty sky-green glaze of Yaozhou kiln as the major study object. Based on the analysis of XRF, XRD, XPS and SEM/EDS, the chemical compositions, firing technique and microstructure of the sky-green glaze were investigated. A possible coloring mechanism was proposed to explain the variation of glaze appearance. The results indicated that the Five dynasty sky-green glaze had relatively high contents of CaO and K₂O, which led to the better gloss and transparency than others. Besides that, the chemical coloring of Fe₂O₃ and the scattering of phyical structures also affected the color saturation and opacity of glaze surface. The high Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ ratio and phase separation droplets of forming structural color by the amorphous photons and Rayleigh scattering contributed to increasing the blue tone of sky-green glaze. In addition, the residual crystals decreased the transparency of glaze surfaces.